Możliwości i ograniczenia stosowania partnerstwa publiczno-prywatnego w sektorze edukacji w Polsce
Possibilities and restrictions on use of the public-private partnership in the education sector in Poland

Summary/Abstract: The availability and level of educational services determine the levels of social inequalities andsocio-economic development. Budget constraints and a lack of expertise in providing infrastructure,service and management of schools encourage public authorities to cooperate with the private sector.The aim of the paper is to identify the possibilities and barriers to the wider use of the public-privatepartnership (PPP) in educational investments in Poland. An analysis of the state and local governmentbudgets in the sections ‘Education and upbringing’ and ‘Educational care’ shows a growing gapbetween the inflows from the educational part of the subsidy and the expenses incurred by localgovernment units, in particular municipalities and the largest cities. Furthermore, the huge investmentneeds resulting from the use of facilities and equipment as well as school adaptations are covered bylocal governments. The overview of the PPP contracts concluded in the years 2009–2019, publishedin the project database www.ppp.gov.pl and BIP leads to the conclusions that pioneer PPP projectsin education are the domain of municipalities and concern small infrastructure projects, mainlyimproving the energy efficiency of buildings. Many announcements on the Polish market do not findan investor, which results from the weakness of local private capital and lack of support from banks.On the advanced PPP markets there is a wide spectrum of contracts for the provision of services andinfrastructure delivery models. The subject of PPP may be the construction of greenfield sites as wellas modernization of brownfield sites and entire school complexes, combined with their funding andmaintenance under the conditions specified in the contract. Service contracts range from technicalsupport and catering to school management, and rarely concern basic services.

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