De la construction de l’État au racisme: judéophobie et antisémitisme en Roumanie avant la Grande Guerre
From State Building to Racism: Judeophobia and Anti-Semitism in Romania before the Great War

Summary/Abstract: The article contributes to the scholarly debate and research on the “Jewish question” and on anti-Semitism before World War I in Romania. It shows, firstly, that the period from 1866 to 1878 laid the foundations for the state policy of bureaucratic discrimination against Jews, a time when the „Jewish question” was not the work of simple demagogues or political agitators, but a state policy whose objective was to demonstrate state capacity, based on a homogeneous national identity. Ancient and latent Judeophobia was brought to light by state policy in the name of modernity, with an open background of discrimination against Jews. Secondly, the article examines the elements of continuity and rupture after the Congress of Berlin of 1878, until later on, in the eve of the Great War, in what was henceforth to be called anti-Semitism. Thirdly, this study shows the often latent and implicit presence of Christian contempt against Jews in the political and intellectual discourse, as well as in anti-Jewish measures, throughout the period from 1866 to 1914.

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