PRIEŠDĖLINIŲ LIETUVIŲ KALBOS VEIKSMAŽODŽIŲ LEKSIKALIZACIJA
A LEXICALIZATION OF PREFIXED LITHUANIAN VERBS

Summary/Abstract: A lexicalization of prefixed verbs is a phenomenon when a verb becomes semantically independent word, and its meaning is not related to the formant and its root word. Lexicalization is related to individual, exceptional cases (exceptions to the rules). Therefore, it is important to investigate and describe lexicalized words for lexicographers who write corpus-based dictionaries, computerized analysis of Lithuanian language, learners of Lithuanian and the science of semantics. The aim of this article is to identify the criteria of identification of lexicalization of prefixed verbs and to adapt it to the corpus analysis. First of all, the common concept of lexicalization was described in order to show a broader context of this phenomenon. The criteria of identification of lexicalization of prefixed Lithuanian verbs then were identified by analyzing theoretical works. Finally, it was demonstrated how the criteria of identification of lexicalization could beapplied in corpus analysis with four common Lithuanian verbs used in certain meanings (nustatyti, apibūdinti, parduoti, išleisti). In this research 9 common Lithuanian verbs in total were analyzed in two corpora: Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos tekstynas, i.e. Corpus of Present Day Lithuanianand Morfologiškai anotuotas tekstynas, i.e. POS Tagged Corpus of Lithuanian. The results showed that the criteria of identification of lexicalization of prefixed Lithuanian words should be applied in particular order. Firstly, it should be checked in a big corpus whether the root word of prefixed word is used: if it is not used, then the prefixed verb is supposed to be lexicalized and no more criteria should be applied. Secondly, it is important to check whether prefixed verb could be used with one more prefix: if it can be used with one more prefix, then the prefixed verb with one prefix is supposed to be lexicalized and no more criteria should be applied. Thirdly, it is important to check whether prefixed verb with particular meaning is semantically related to its root verb (in corpus, this criteria was applied by comparing lexicalvalency of prefixed verb and its root verb; if lexical valency was very different, it was stated that the prefixed verb and its root verb are not semantically related and prefixed verb is supposed to be lexicalized; therefore, no more criteria should be applied). Finally, it was checked whether prefixed verb had a common meaning or just individual (common meaning is related to the group of different derivatives). If prefixed verb does not have a common meaning, then it is supposed to be lexicalized. In corpus analysis this criteria can be checked by analyzing grammatical valency because verbs that have the same common meaning are associated with the same grammatical valency (if prefixed verb has a different grammatical valency than verbs that have common meanings, it can be stated that prefixed verb does not have any common meaning, only an individual one). The criteria of identification of lexicalization of prefixed verbs were successfully applied in corpus analysis and the results showed that the lexicalization of every verb can be detected by using different criteria.

• Details
• Contents