Comparative evaluation of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite and bioactive calcium phosphosilicate grafts in the treatment of class II furcation defects – A randomized controlled trial
Comparative evaluation of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite and bioactive calcium phosphosilicate grafts in the treatment of class II furcation defects – A randomized controlled trial

Summary/Abstract: Introduction Furcation involvement is a unique pathological entity, due to its complex structure and inadequate instrumentation which results in progression of further attachment loss with early and frequent loss of molars. Various alloplastic bone graft materials are used to regenerate the lost periodontal attachment apparatus. This study aims to compare the efficacy of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (NHA) and bioactive calcium phosphosilicate grafts (BG) in the treatment of class II furcation defects. Methods Twenty-four systemically healthy patients with class II furcation defects were selected and randomly assigned into three groups depending on the treatment received: Test group I (treated with open flap debridement (OFD) + NHA), Test group II (treated with OFD + BG) and Control group (treated with OFD alone). Clinical parameters, plaque index, gingival index, horizontal probing depth (HPD), vertical probing depth (VPD), clinical attachment level (CAL) were recorded at baseline, 3 and 6 months post-surgically. Radiographic depth of furcation defect (FD) and percentage bone fill was evaluated at baseline and 6 months postoperatively. Results When compared to baseline, all three groups demonstrated improvements in the clinical parameters at 6 months. There was no statistically significant difference between both Test groups (p=1.00). In contrast to the Control group, the Test groups showed a statistically significant reduction in probing depth, greater CAL gain, reduction in furcation defect and radiographic percentage bone fill (p<0.05). Conclusions There is a potential benefit of nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite and bioactive calcium phosphosilicate grafts in percentage bone fill in the treatment of class II furcation defects.

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