WARTOŚĆ BYTU: ONTOLOGIZM ETYCZNY W FILOZOFII ROSYJSKIEJ
THE VALUE OF BEING: ETHICAL ONTOLOGISM IN RUSSIAN PHILOSOPHY REFLECTIONS ON THE PHILOSOPHY OF BORIS VYSHESLAVTSEV

Summary/Abstract: The present paper deals with the philosophy of Boris P. Vysheslavtsev (1877–1954). The first part is devoted to the issue of freedom in relation to the system of values. This part of the analysis emphasizes the themes derived from the philosophy of N. Hartmann. The second part presents Vysheslavtsev’s polemic with the early views of S. I. Hessen concerning the irrational character of freedom (mystic) and its alleged incompatibility with the sphere of culture (philosophy). Rejecting this postition, Vysheslavtsev pointed to their presence in experience (perezhivaniie), i.e. the primitive experience of reality, which can in turn become the basis of the philosophy of freedom (including culture). Vysheslavtsev’s position can be called “ethical ontologism”, which is at the same time to be regarded as the basis of the project of the philosophy of freedom.

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