К вопросу о пенсионном обеспечении советских педагогов в 1920-х гг. (Пенсии за выслугу лет и персональные)
On the issue of pensions for Soviet teachers in the 1920s: (Long-service pensions and personal pensions)

Summary/Abstract: The article deals with the main problems faced by the social insurance authorities at the stage of formation of pension provision for Soviet teachers for long service. An attempt is also made to determine the place of personal pension provision in the pension system created for school employees in the 1920s. To solve these tasks, we used the normative acts regulating the pension provision of public education workers, documents of social insurance and social security bodies, and pension Affairs of personal pensioners. The author concludes that in the 1920s, long-service pensions paid through the social insurance system became the main type of pension provision for Soviet teachers. The most significant problems encountered in the course of education workers’ pensions were related to insufficient insurance funds and strict restrictions on the number of possible recipients of pensions. At the same time, the fact that the teacher was granted the primary right to pension (before the introduction of the provision of workers and employees by age) and the subsequent expansion of the list of positions and institutions in which the right to pension was granted indicates the recognition by the State of the importance of the activities of school workers for the development of the national economy. Personal pension provision in the period from 1923 to 1929 was a tool that allowed solving the most complex issues of teachers’ pension provision, since it did not rely on any clearly defined lists of positions and institutions. After extending the right to long-service pensions to almost all categories of Soviet teachers, personal pension provision was granted to them in exceptional cases.

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