Historické souvislosti současné reformy péče o duševní zdraví v České republice
Historical context of the current mental health care reform in the Czech Republic

Summary/Abstract: The main aim of this article is to place the ongoing mental health care reform in the Czech Republicwithin a broader historical framework of the development of psychiatry in Europe after 1945. The article focuses on a description of historical events which shaped current approaches to mental healthand influenced the Czech psychiatric reform. The article is divided into three main parts: the establishment of therapeutic communities after WWII, the formation of radical anti-psychiatric movementsin the 1960s and 1970s and the beginning of deinstitutionalisation supported by the introduction ofpsychopharmacological treatment. The text examines primarily the development of psychiatry in Europe; however, some parts also describe the experience of Czechoslovakian psychiatrists with the process of deinstitutionalization.

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