Папирус P. Vindob. G. 19792 = SB VI, 9571– пример за морски заем от елинистически вид
Papyrus Vindob. G. 19792 = SB VI, 9571 - an Example of the Hellenistic Maritime Loan

Summary/Abstract: This document dates from February 13, 149 AD. It comes from the archive of the Markus Claudius Sabinus' Public bank. The document is a special certificate of the maritime loan contract, which is clarified by the terms danion nautikon kata nautiken sungrafen (line 11 and 12). The discussion regards the differences between the Roman kind of maritime loan and the Hellenistic one. They come mainly from two directions - the surety and the participation of the bankers. The surety used in the papyrus is from the kind of allelenguas eis ektesin - a mutual fideiussio - with no Roman law analogues. It is possible to perceive its difference with the Roman surety institution from Gai. III, 122. The Greek bankers and later their Hellenistic successors use other peoples' money to invest in the risk operations. We know about this practice from the speeches of Demosthenes (Dem. 36. 11). Such practice is described in our text since a part of the debt derives from the balance between the creditor and the debtor transactions from the prevwus year. There are still a lot of differences between the Roman and the Hellenistic maritime loan in spite of having a similar economic background.

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