The Politics of Labour Market Activation: Employability, Exclusion and Active Citizenship
The Politics of Labour Market Activation: Employability, Exclusion and Active Citizenship

Summary/Abstract: The article focuses on the formation of the ideal “active citizen” in labour market policy and analyses central ideas and arguments in labour market policy from the 1990s onwards, particularly concerning dominant conceptualisations of work and the ideal working citizen. In Sweden, as well as in many other countries, labour market policies have changed rapidly during the last two decades. Ever since the late 1980s and early 1990s, Swedish labour market policy has primarily been aiming at “activating” citizens, getting them out of passive “welfare dependency” into active “self-employment”. With the “activating” labour market policies of the 1990s, work has gradually become a duty, rather than a fundamental social right.

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