MEĐUNARODNA NAUČNA KONFERENCIJA: MJESTO I ULOGA GLAVNIH GRADOVA SEE (JUGOISTOČNE EVROPE) U RAZVOJU MEĐUREGIONALNE I MEĐUDRŽAVNE SURADNJE U OKVIRU DUNAVSKE I JADRANSKO-JONSKE EVROPSKE MAKROREGIJE
INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE: THE PLACE AND ROLE OF CAPITALS IN SEE (SOUTH EAST EUROPE) IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERREGIONAL AND INTERGOVERNMENTAL COOPERATION WITHIN THE DANUBE AND ADRIATIC-IONIAN MACRO-REGION
Contributor(s): Mirko Pejanović (Editor), Jasmina Osmanković (Editor)
Subject(s): Business Economy / Management, Regional Geography, Economic policy, Methodology and research technology, Policy, planning, forecast and speculation, Rural and urban sociology, Economic development, Public Finances, Fiscal Politics / Budgeting
Published by: Akademija Nauka i Umjetnosti Bosne i Hercegovine
Keywords: regional development; city development; South East Europe; capitals; economic development; policy;
Summary/Abstract: Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina (ANUBiH) traditionally organizes an international scientific conference on relevant and current topics in the field of economic development, regional, local, territorial and urban development every two years. Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina since its establishment continuously deals with these topics, paying special scientific attention and dedication. For illustration purposes, we recall some of the earlier publications: Economic and Social Determinants of Spatial Development in Sarajevo - Economic and Urban Development (1975); On Issues of Spatial Development of Bosnia and Herzegovina (1979); and Sarajevo - A City and Region in Space and Time of 2000 (1982). There are also special editions: Vol. LXXII, vol. 15, The Concept of Longterm Economic Development of Bosnia and Herzegovina to 2000, Sarajevo (1985). The continuity of research in cooperation with relevant international scientific organizations and institutions continued in the postwar period. Euroregion and South East Europe was the topic of the first post-war international conference organized by the Academy of Sciences and Arts of BiH, the Centre for the Development of Local and Regional Self-government of the Faculty of Political Sciences of University of Sarajevo and the Sarajevo Economic Institute. Regional Cooperation in Europe: Opportunity for the Balkans was the main theme of the international scientific conference organized by the ANUBiH in collaboration with the University of Bologna, the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts (HAZU), London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE) London, UK, within the IUC in Dubrovnik from 21 to 23 of September 2011. In 2013, the international scientific conference Local Economic and Infrastructure Development of SEE in the Context of EU Accession was held (20-21 September), co-organized by the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts (HAZU), University of Bologna, School of Economics and Business and Faculty of Political Sciences of the University of Sarajevo and the entity associations of municipalities and cities of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Center for Local and Regional Self-government of the Faculty of Political Sciences of the University of Sarajevo and the Sarajevo Economic Institute on the sidelines of this conference, on 21 September 2013, organized the Forum of SEE Mayors. The Forum was attended by representatives of the administration of capitals, policy makers and the academic community, as an expression of orientation toward connecting the academic community and creators of urban, local and regional policies. The city of Sarajevo was given a special place at the Forum. The Position and Role of Capitals in SEE (South East Europe) in the Development of Interregional and Intergovernmental Cooperation within the Danube and the Adriatic-Ionian European Macro-region was the topic of the international scientific conference held on 19 September 2015, in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Works and views on this topic were presented by authors from Italy, Great Britain, Austria, Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and other countries. The authors, among other, came from the academies (ANUBiH, HAZU, the Academy of Engineering Sciences of Serbia), universities (Imperial College London, University of Zagreb, University of Zenica, University of Belgrade, University of Novi Sad, University of Sarajevo, University of Tuzla, University of Mostar, SSI University), institutes (HEIS Sarajevo, Urban Planning Institute of the Republic of Slovenia), development agencies / centers (Center for Regional Economic Studies Mostar, TRA Tesanj Development Agency, Center for Innovation and Entrepreneurship Zenica, AGGF Banja Luka, Planning Institute of Sarajevo), and towns / municipalities / cantons (Vienna, Zagreb, Sarajevo, Ljubljana, Novi Sad, Subotica, Belgrade, London, Tesanj, Tuzla, Mostar). In their contributions, the authors elaborated: development of metropolitan polycentric regions and the smart city concept; institutional strengthening of capital and major cities in Croatia in order to strengthen their capacity for regional cooperation; adaptation of cities and other settlements to climate changes in the Danube European macro-region on example of Slovenia; the potentials for regional cooperation and the application of innovative methods of urban planning based on the paradigm of blue green dream; the economic development of small towns based on their own resources as opposed to the existence / non-existence of support from capital on the example of Tesanj municipality; perspectives for networking of the main cities of the lower Danube basin as a new development paradigm within the European macro-region; investment competitiveness of a city; the position of a city in spatial planning; integrated and sustainable development of cities of the Western Balkans in the European context; the city of Sarajevo in the inter-city cooperation of capitals of the South East and Central Europe; city branding - case study of the city of Sarajevo; the city of Sarajevo as the focal point of the development of spatial planning; giving priority to the first city: a comparative analysis of selected countries in the SEE region; public-private financing of road infrastructure in Bosnia and Herzegovina as a factor of regional cooperation; position, capitals, and transnational companies: the case study of company Tondach; and specific issues, such as the question of what is encouraged by regional integrations, and lessons learned from the development corridors. The collection of works is indexed in EBSCO and CEEOL (Central and Eastern European Online Library) databases, and is catalogued in the National and University Library of Bosnia and Herzegovina (CIP, ISBN and COBISS).
Series: Posebna izdanja ANUBiH
- E-ISBN-13: 978-9926-410-07-0
- Print-ISBN-13: 978-9926-410-07-0
- Page Count: 310
- Publication Year: 2015
- Language: Bosnian, English, Croatian, Serbian
AKADEMIJA NAUKA I UMJETNOSTI BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE
AKADEMIJA NAUKA I UMJETNOSTI BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE
(ACADEMY OF SCIENCES AND ARTS OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA)
- Author(s):Not Specified Author
- Language:Bosnian, English
- Subject(s):Recent History (1900 till today), Higher Education , Scientific Life
- Page Range:17-20
- No. of Pages:4
- Keywords:ANUBiH; Academy of Sciences and Art of Bosnia and Herzegovina;
- Summary/Abstract:Akademija nauka i umjetnosti Bosne i Hercegovine nastala je iz Naučnog društva koje je utemeljeno 1951. godine, odlukom Skupštine Republike Bosne i Hercegovine, najvišeg organa državne vlasti u zemlji u periodu osnivanja Naučnog društva Bosne i Hercegovine.
RAZVOJ METROPOLSKIH POLICENTRIČNIH REGIJA I KONCEPT PAMETNOG GRADA
RAZVOJ METROPOLSKIH POLICENTRIČNIH REGIJA I KONCEPT PAMETNOG GRADA
(DEVELOPMENT OF POLYCENTRIC METROPOLITAN REGIONS AND THE SMART CITY CONCEPT)
- Author(s):Vladimir Čavrak
- Language:Croatian
- Subject(s):Regional Geography, Rural and urban sociology, Economic development, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:21-38
- No. of Pages:18
- Keywords:smart city; polycentric metropolitan regions; regional specialization;
- Summary/Abstract:Rapid urbanization in all parts of the world has contributed to the fact that today more than 50% of the world population lives in cities. In the area of the Danube and the Adriatic-Ionian European macro-region we should expect the continuation of the process of further urbanization and population concentration. We can also expect continuation of littoralization. The increasing concentration of population ultimately raises the question of improving the quality of life in cities, as well as the question of their effectiveness in all dimensions. The rapid technological advances, particularly the development of computerization and telecommunications, offer new connectivity options, specialization and cooperation between cities through the concept of creating polycentric metropolitan regions and the concept of smart city. Since the cities have the role of drivers of development, in countries in the area of the Danube and Adriatic-Ionian European macro-region, it is possible to achieve broader development effects in the entire observed area through cooperation and smart specialization. To achieve this, it is necessary to actively promote the concept of globalization thinking, local action and regional planning.
INSTITUCIONALNO OSNAŽIVANJE GLAVNOG I VELIKIH GRADOVA U HRVATSKOJ U FUNKCIJI JAČANJA NJIHOVOG KAPACITETA ZA REGIONALNU SURADNJU
INSTITUCIONALNO OSNAŽIVANJE GLAVNOG I VELIKIH GRADOVA U HRVATSKOJ U FUNKCIJI JAČANJA NJIHOVOG KAPACITETA ZA REGIONALNU SURADNJU
(INSTITUTIONAL STRENGTHENING OF THE CAPITAL AND MAIN CITIES IN CROATIA IN FUNCTION OF ENHANCING THEIR CAPACITY FOR REGIONAL COOPERATION)
- Author(s):Ivan Koprić
- Language:Croatian
- Subject(s):Regional Geography, Governance, Government/Political systems, International relations/trade, Economic development
- Page Range:39-57
- No. of Pages:19
- Keywords:local self-government; Croatia; cities; development; territorial organization; institutional strengthening;
- Summary/Abstract:The city of Zagreb is the largest city in Croatia and its capital. It has the same powers as other cities, including the powers of a capital and the powers of a county. Within the reforms of 2005, cities with more than 35,000 inhabitants (17) were given the status of a major city, and were given the same powers as all county seats. Since 2001, the so-called decentralized functions were taken by 33 cities. Forms of institutional strengthening of cities include widening their functions and financial capacity, strengthening their autonomy and focus on the economic development. Previous changes have not significantly strengthened the capacity of Croatian cities for development and regional cooperation. Even the larger cities are focused on their internal problems, while cooperation at regional level is not very prominent. Only strong units with considerable capacities develop more meaningful cooperative ambitions, including regional cooperation. It is necessary to redefine the territorial structure, wherein we can observe between 120 and 140 possible urban centers of varying size and importance. So far, only Zagreb - despite its governance problems - because of its size and power has the capacity to cooperate with other cities in the region and in Europe in general.
GRAD SARAJEVO U MEĐUGRADSKOJ SARADNJI GLAVNIH GRADOVA ZEMALJA JUGOISTOČNE I CENTRALNE EVROPEc
GRAD SARAJEVO U MEĐUGRADSKOJ SARADNJI GLAVNIH GRADOVA ZEMALJA JUGOISTOČNE I CENTRALNE EVROPEc
(THE CITY OF SARAJEVO IN INTERCITY COOPERATION OF CAPITALS OF SOUTHEAST AND CENTRAL EUROPE)
- Author(s):Mirko Pejanović
- Language:Bosnian
- Subject(s):Regional Geography, Economic development, Post-War period (1950 - 1989), Transformation Period (1990 - 2010), Sports Studies
- Page Range:58-68
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:City of Sarajevo; XIV Winter Olympic Games; political-constitutional arrangement of Sarajevo; Cooperation Agreements between Sarajevo and capitals of SEE countries and Danube basin macro-region;
- Summary/Abstract:In the period between 70s and 90s of the twentieth century, the city of Sarajevo had a remarkable boom in its development. Implementation of three development projects contributed to this fact: the project of protection of the environment; the project of territorial expansion of Sarajevo with 10 municipalities and the project of organization of the XIV Winter Olympic Games in 1984. The rise in the development of Sarajevo was stopped in the war against the existence of the state of Bosnia and Herzegovina, during the siege of the city between 1992 and 1995. Reconstruction of the city of Sarajevo in the post-war and post-Dayton period took place with the help of foreign donations. Municipal infrastructure and housing facilities were rehabilitated. The rebuilding of the economy had an unfavorable flow within the course of privatization of state-owned companies. A strategic issue for the development of the city of Sarajevo in the post-Dayton period referred to the definition of the political-constitutional and legal position of the city of Sarajevo. The influence of historical forces in the process of implementation of the Dayton Peace Agreement had led to the signing of the Protocol on the Organization of Sarajevo in 1996 by the two ruling parties at that time: the Party of Democratic Action (SDA) and the Croat Democratic Party (HDZ), and Deputy High Representative of the international community. With this protocol, the city of Sarajevo had lost its own jurisdictions from the pre-war time. It also lost its urban-territorial wholeness. From ten municipalities it had before the war, Sarajevo was reduced to four municipalities in the narrow urban core. It also lost its original powers and own revenue. Authority in the area of municipal infrastructure, utilities and urban planning were transferred to the Sarajevo Canton. Such chain of events in defining the constitutional-legal position of the city of Sarajevo was treated in the literature as the process of reduction of jurisdiction and territorial reach of Sarajevo in the post-war period. Despite significantly limited jurisdictions, the city of Sarajevo emerges as a successful carrier of inter-city and regional cooperation. It has developed cooperation with most capitals of SEE countries. This paper brings an overview of the contents of cooperation agreements which Sarajevo has signed with the major cities of the countries of Southeast Europe. In the last two decades, inter-city and regional cooperation have been focused on the areas of culture, sports and tourism. What is still missing are cooperation projects between Sarajevo and the capitals of SEE countries in the fields of economic development, development of utility infrastructure and the construction of roads and railways. In the coming years, which are the years of integration of Bosnia and Herzegovina into the European Union, Sarajevo as BiH’s capital and its largest city has an important role in the creation of development projects and their implementation through collaboration with major cities in the region of Southeast Europe and in the area of the Danube and the Adriatic-Ionian European macro-region.
NOVA RAZVOJNA DIMENZIJA GRADOVA U OKVIRU EVROPSKE MAKROREGIJE
NOVA RAZVOJNA DIMENZIJA GRADOVA U OKVIRU EVROPSKE MAKROREGIJE
(NEW DIMENSION OF CITY DEVELOPMENT IN THE FRAMEWORK OF EUROPEAN MACRO REGION)
- Author(s):Sofija Adžić, Jelena Kovačević
- Language:Serbian
- Subject(s):Regional Geography, Rural and urban sociology, Economic development
- Page Range:69-80
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:Regional development; regional space; cities; rural development; macro-region;
- Summary/Abstract:Regional development today is multi-dimensional, and as such it becomes a strategic problem of all countries. There are many possible solutions to the regional dilemma of sustainable development within functional implementation and establishment. However, as no solution in economic development is currently superior, it is necessary to find and select the new modalities of operationalization at the local level, where cities will have the initiative in effective regional governance that will expand and realize the development dimension. The development dimension of cities should stimulate and increasingly develop the productive activity of available production capacities and ensure their productive linking in rural areas. Work must begin with determining the content of a good public regulation, in service of launching and implementation of projects for reindustrialization of determined areas within the European macro-region, with the goal of faster and more productive employment. We have treated an example of the strategic direction for development of economy in the Danube region with the case study of the city of Bac, with emphasis on food production and processing, and the survival and promotion of traditional crafts with respect to environmental protection and improved correlation of knowledge and skills with greater support for entrepreneurship in Bac municipality. This is a complex activity on research of differences in needs, interests and results which necessitate appropriate institutional-organizational arrangements.
BRANDING GRADOVA - STUDIJA SLUČAJA GRADA SARAJEVA
BRANDING GRADOVA - STUDIJA SLUČAJA GRADA SARAJEVA
(CITY BRANDING - CASE STUDY OF CITY OF SARAJEVO)
- Author(s):Anto Domazet
- Language:Bosnian
- Subject(s):Rural and urban sociology, Marketing / Advertising
- Page Range:81-103
- No. of Pages:23
- Keywords:image of the brand; brand of the city; city branding; city marketing; brand equity;
- Summary/Abstract:This paper initially refers to the image and branding of cities. City branding is a source of sustainable competitive advantages and is traditionally focused on the image of the city, from which develops the attractiveness of the city to live in it, for the influx of visitors and investments and for development of export businesses. This paper develops a model of integrated development, marketing and branding of cities, final results of which are manifested in the favorable image and brand equity of cities. Case study of the City of Sarajevo points to the need and justification of the use of an integrated model of development, marketing and branding of cities. The main restrictions in its application relate to the undefined constitutional and legal position of the City, which limits its control capacity to apply this model. By method of expert analysis, the brand identity of the City was assessed, and differences were noticed in the identity for individual target groups of the City. The contribution of this paper is reflected in overcoming the often present approach which reduces city branding to the image of the brand, and branding activities to communication with promising and illustriously worded messages. This paper promotes the marketing of a city based on branding in which branding means the process of creating value for the target groups of city in services, with their tangible and intangible attributes, which, in addition to functional, also include psychological and emotional attributes, while defining brand equity as the value contribution for the target groups arising from the power of the brand. Limitations of the research are related to the lack of primary research and a low level of marketing and branding of the City of Sarajevo, which made the case study quite limited in its findings. Future research should focus on empirical analysis of the identity of cities and the City of Sarajevo, and on topics related to the implementation of the integrated model of development, marketing and branding.
PRILAGODBA GRADOVA I NASELJA KLIMATSKIM PROMJENAMA U OKVIRU DUNAVSKE EVROPSKE MAKROREGIJE: PROBLEMI I ISKUSTVA IZ SLOVENIJE
PRILAGODBA GRADOVA I NASELJA KLIMATSKIM PROMJENAMA U OKVIRU DUNAVSKE EVROPSKE MAKROREGIJE: PROBLEMI I ISKUSTVA IZ SLOVENIJE
(ADJUSTMENT OF CITIES AND SETTLEMENTS TO CLIMATE CHANGES IN THE FRAMEWORK OF DANUBE EUROPEAN MACRO-REGION: ISSUES AND EXPERIENCES FROM SLOVENIA)
- Author(s):Andrej Gulič
- Language:Croatian
- Subject(s):Energy and Environmental Studies, Regional Geography, EU-Accession / EU-DEvelopment, Socio-Economic Research
- Page Range:104-128
- No. of Pages:15
- Keywords:climate change; adjustment; Slovenia; project C3-Alps; UIRS;
- Summary/Abstract:The EU Strategy for the Danube Region emphasizes the various problems and challenges of long-term development of the macro-region. Besides uneven socioeconomic development, insufficient investment in infrastructure, environmental problems and so on, it also emphasizes the climate change that represents one of the major threats to current and future quality of life and safe development of countries, regions, cities and towns of the macro-region. Natural disasters (floods, landslides, hails, droughts) that in the last decade hit many towns and cities of the member states of the macro-region require a greater degree of cooperation in the field of adaptation to climate change, both within individual countries as well as between them. In this paper we present the status and activities in the field of adaptation to climate change in the Danube macro-region of Europe, and in Slovenia at the state level and the level of cities and towns. In doing so, we give the main emphasis to the status and trends that are characteristic of the Gorenje statistical region, which is located in the area of gravitational influence of Ljubljana metropolitan region. In the paper, which summarizes the results of the international project C3-Alps, we present the vulnerability of settlements and transport infrastructure in the Gorenje region to climate change as well as the possible scenarios of adjustments of settlements and transport infrastructure to the influence of climate change. In the final part of the paper we present a vision, concept and strategy for adaptation to climate change in the Gorenje region.
PERSPEKTIVE UMREŽAVANJA GLAVNIH GRADOVA GORNJEG PODUNAVLJA
PERSPEKTIVE UMREŽAVANJA GLAVNIH GRADOVA GORNJEG PODUNAVLJA
(PERSPECTIVES OF NETWORKING OF THE CAPITALS IN UPPER DANUBE BASIN)
- Author(s):Borislav Stojkov, Gordana Memišević
- Language:Serbian
- Subject(s):Regional Geography, Rural and urban sociology, Economic development
- Page Range:129-155
- No. of Pages:27
- Keywords:Lower Danube basin; capitals; networking; functions; governance;
- Summary/Abstract:The role of European cities is approaching its peak importance in times of global crisis. The reasons for this are their financial, intellectual, institutional and political capacities and influence. This advantage of cities is combined with shortcomings of demographic hyper concentration, social segregation, financial blunders and security threats. Dynamic changes are increasing, and are accompanied by centripetal forces that direct the flow of population towards the town centers, finance and investment towards big cities, while smaller towns in many cases lag behind. The role of cities and towns is of particular importance in the European countries in transition, such as the countries of Central and South East Europe, with all their advantages and disadvantages. The complex network of still undiscovered links between large cities - especially capitals - with their functions as the basis of networking, along with the growing emergence of large metropolitan areas as economic regions and the lack of polycentrism as a national spatial policy, could emerge as a critical and challenging issue for the governments of the major cities of South East Europe (SEE). Functional profile of a city and its economic structure, together with a system of public services, technical equipment and capacities, jointly contribute to the level of its competitiveness. Cooperation and networking of capitals in the SEE is a topic of importance not only for this part of Europe but also for Europe as a whole. The system of city management in SEE therefore requires modernization instead of politicization.
POTENCIJALI ZA REGIONALNU SARADNJU U PRIMJENI INOVATIVNIH METODA PLANIRANJA GRADOVA NA BAZI PARADIGME PLAVO ZELENI SAN (BLUE GREEN DREAM - BGD)
POTENCIJALI ZA REGIONALNU SARADNJU U PRIMJENI INOVATIVNIH METODA PLANIRANJA GRADOVA NA BAZI PARADIGME PLAVO ZELENI SAN (BLUE GREEN DREAM - BGD)
(POTENTIALS FOR REGIONAL COOPERATION IN THE APPLICATION OF INNOVATIVE METHODS OF CITY PLANNING ON THE BASIS OF BLUE GREEN DREAM - BGD PARADIGM)
- Author(s):Čedo Maksimović, Tarik Kupusović, Milenko Stanković
- Language:Bosnian
- Subject(s):Energy and Environmental Studies, Policy, planning, forecast and speculation, Rural and urban sociology, Economic development
- Page Range:156-178
- No. of Pages:23
- Keywords:BGD; blue green solutions; strategic, spatial and urban planning; resilience to climate change; robustness and sustainability;
- Summary/Abstract:BGD is a new paradigm for the planning, design, construction, operation and maintenance of urban water systems (blue component) and the green urban areas (green component - green infrastructure) as a synergy network, rather than as separate systems. It encourages effective solutions to improve the quality of urban life and adaptation to climate change. Innovative methodology in refreshing existing and planning new urban areas is developed and implemented by EIT (European Institute of Innovation and Technology), through its “climate” program KIC (Knowledge Innovative Communities), coordinated by the first author. The combined effects of climate change and increasing urbanization require skillful planning and remodeling of existing urban centers. BGD offers a way for the development, testing and implementation of solutions that connect science and innovation with broader development. The project opens many doors for regional and international cooperation, through a network of centers in Europe and the world, for the purpose of exchanging knowledge and experiences.
EKONOMSKI RAZVOJ MALIH SREDINA BAZIRAN NA VLASTITIM RESURSIMA NASPRAM POSTOJANJA/NEPOSTOJANJA PODRŠKE GLAVNOG GRADA - STUDIJA SLUČAJA ZA OPĆINU TEŠANJ
EKONOMSKI RAZVOJ MALIH SREDINA BAZIRAN NA VLASTITIM RESURSIMA NASPRAM POSTOJANJA/NEPOSTOJANJA PODRŠKE GLAVNOG GRADA - STUDIJA SLUČAJA ZA OPĆINU TEŠANJ
(ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL AREAS BASED ON OWN RESOURCES AS OPPOSED TO EXISTENCE/NONEXISTENCE OF THE SUPPORT OF THE CAPITAL CITY - CASE STUDY OF TESANJ MUNICIPALITY)
- Author(s):Ismar Alagić, Darko Petković
- Language:Bosnian
- Subject(s):Micro-Economics, Policy, planning, forecast and speculation, Economic development, Public Finances, Fiscal Politics / Budgeting
- Page Range:179-194
- No. of Pages:16
- Keywords:capital; small municipality; economic development; budget revenues; Tesanj;
- Summary/Abstract:We can see today that in all countries there is a “strong resentment” of small towns towards major cities. It seems that no one is overly concerned regarding the situation in which cities such as: Zenica, Tuzla, Mostar and Tesanj in Bosnia and Herzegovina; Maribor, Celje and Kopar in Slovenia; Novi Sad, Kragujevac and Nis in Serbia; Split, Rijeka and Osijek in Croatia, point to a growing disproportion in the economic development in relation to capital cities. Even the destructive protests in Bosnia and Herzegovina over a year ago have not forced the ruling elite to do something to reduce the economic gap. The fact is that closing our eyes to the collapse of these economic and business drivers of any serious state – which BiH strives to be – only weakens the position of the main cities in the long run. This leads to sociological situations where all, or at least majority of the people, will want to live in the capital city (approx. 30% of the population of Serbia lives in Belgrade; 25% of the Croatian population lives in Zagreb; 35% of the population of Montenegro lives in Podgorica). The liquidity of the budgets of local communities in Bosnia and Herzegovina is seriously compromised with constant financial borrowing of the state which distributes these funds to the entities, which then direct the same funds mainly to public spending. The level of public spending and the internal debt is significantly increasing day by day, and the towns and municipalities that have not been able to use funds from the arrangements with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) for the purpose of local economic development, are now significantly involved in repaying the said foreign debt. Namely, at least 40% of the total budget of local government units in BiH falls to the funds from indirect taxes, and very often a lot more than that. Some of the most important criteria in determining the coefficients for the refund of VAT for the local communities are: the number of inhabitants, area and the number of students in secondary schools. From the above, it is evident that the criteria relating to the achieved economic results are largely marginalized in terms that those who achieve steady growth are not able to valorize it though higher return of VAT funds to local budgets. In terms of the state borrowing, cities and municipalities in BiH participate in the borrowing with only 1% of the total debt, while in the repayment of debts they participate with at least 8% in the total funds with which Bosnia and Herzegovina services its debt towards foreign lenders. Repercussions of this situation are particularly pronounced in the last 5 years, when, due to the consequences of the global economic crisis and global trends, weak and uncompetitive BiH economy is recovering very slowly and is having difficulty to start generating economic growth and promoting economic development. One of the positive examples in Bosnia and Herzegovina is the municipality of Tesanj, which for five years in a row achieved an increase in the number of employed people, in the number and revenue of firms operating in the municipality, in exports and in realized investments. Although the refund of VAT recorded a significant drop compared to the planned level, responsible budget planning, reduction of public spending and stable own revenues of the municipality contributed to the fact that municipal budget is increasing and is recording positive results. This paper will give an overview and analysis of assets directed from the local level toward higher levels of government in BiH, and the return of funds to the local community which largely ignores the criteria of results achieved in the economic field. Despite the smaller return of funds to those “successful”, there are phenomena of economic development that we will present in this paper.
ŠTA POTIČE REGIONALNU EKONOMSKU INTEGRACIJU-POUKE IZ RAZVOJA RAZVOJNIH KORIDORA
ŠTA POTIČE REGIONALNU EKONOMSKU INTEGRACIJU-POUKE IZ RAZVOJA RAZVOJNIH KORIDORA
(WHAT DRIVES REGIONAL ECONOMIC INTEGRATION - LESSONS FROM THE CREATION OF DEVELOPMENT CORRIDORS)
- Author(s):Vjekoslav Domljan, Ivana Domljan
- Language:Croatian
- Subject(s):Supranational / Global Economy, Regional Geography, Economic development, Transport / Logistics
- Page Range:195-205
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:development corridor; Vc; Budapest; Sarajevo;
- Summary/Abstract:Regional integration is one of the very important issues for the development of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Narrowing of spatial development initiatives to the transport dimension alone not only fails to contribute to regional development, but blurs it. If this is the mode of action, it brings into question the viability of the transport corridor itself. This article seeks to highlight the importance of transformation of the transport corridor Vc into a development corridor. Emphasis is particularly placed on the question whether there can be sufficient movement of goods and services for the Corridor Vc to be considered a potential development corridor. Following such approach, Sarajevo and Budapest can initiate cooperation in terms of development of the transport corridor (road and rail) into a logistics corridor, then trade, economic and finally development corridor.
INVESTICIJSKA KONKURENTNOST GRADA ZAGREBA
INVESTICIJSKA KONKURENTNOST GRADA ZAGREBA
(INVESTMENT COMPETITIVENESS OF THE CITY OF ZAGREB)
- Author(s):Harun Omerbašić
- Language:Croatian
- Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Rural and urban sociology, Economic development, Fiscal Politics / Budgeting
- Page Range:206-229
- No. of Pages:24
- Keywords:dominant; privileged; utility fees; contributions; powers;
- Summary/Abstract:In this paper we wanted to compare Zagreb with other Croatian cities, based on basic economic indicators such as: utility payments, the amount of tax and surtax on income tax, the cost of labor and educational structure. We will show how much economic inequality stems from the sheer size of Zagreb, and how much from its “privileged” position compared to other cities in Croatia. Basic economic indicators point to the disproportion of development in Croatia, where one city completely dominates, and where this trend is accelerating. Utility payments which are often used for the purpose of electoral debates between political opponents will show whether Zagreb really justifies the title of the most expensive city for residents and businesses in the Republic of Croatia. Because of its specific position in the political-territorial division of Croatia, Zagreb has the highest revenue from income tax, but also the highest level of delegated powers which a local government unit can have. We will also show the correlation between the quality structure of employees and the cost of labor.
THE CITY OF SARAJEVO AS THE FOCAL POINT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPATIAL PLANNING
THE CITY OF SARAJEVO AS THE FOCAL POINT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPATIAL PLANNING
(THE CITY OF SARAJEVO AS THE FOCAL POINT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPATIAL PLANNING)
- Author(s):Rahman Nurković
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Policy, planning, forecast and speculation, Rural and urban sociology, Economic development
- Page Range:230-247
- No. of Pages:18
- Keywords:city of Sarajevo: functions; development; human resources; physical planning;
- Summary/Abstract:This paper analyzes the city of Sarajevo as the focal point of the development of spatial planning. Thanks to its functions, the city of Sarajevo has, as often stressed, a focal significance in spatial planning. With the development of different branches of production activities, primarily industry and the production of handicrafts, cities organize the production of a variety of goods, not only within their borders but also in the wider surrounding area. A city is a specific form of human population whose size maintains the meaning of its functions in the area. In accordance with the socio-economic and other factors of development, the forms and dynamics of spatial planning of cities are different. In the city of Sarajevo, there are all the basic functions of human life (living in the community, working, supplying oneself, educating oneself, having leisure activities, and transport and communications) which affects the rapid changes in the appearance, structure and functions of spatial components. Based on the above facts, it can be seen that the area of influence of the city of Sarajevo can be differentiated into zones of varying degrees of socio-economic transformation and zones of functional connections with the city. This question is given a high priority in the world, as evidenced by the large number of scientific papers. In this paper, the attention will be devoted to the development as the focal point of regional planning of Sarajevo and its surroundings. Spatial planning is one of the most important contemporary features of the world. Space management makes it an essential element of rational and humane use of space and organization of vital functions, adjusting the planning with technical and technological development as a phenomenon of our times and the necessities of life of the population. Spatial planning is carried out on the basis of spatial and urban planning. This kind of spatial planning is the result of pronounced differences in development and lifestyle between cities and villages, hence there is the intense migration of population from rural areas to the city of Sarajevo. The increase in urban population ranges mostly within the dynamics of growth of the total population. The focus of spatial planning in terms of concentration of population, jobs and housing developments is moved to the edges and the suburban areas of Sarajevo. There also occur changes in the structure of population and degree of urbanization of Sarajevo from year to year. This primarily relates to the separation of urban settlements. It was therefore necessary to allocate these places according to the model which gives a more realistic picture of the number of urban settlements and the share of the urban population.
INTEGRIRANI I ODRŽIVI RAZVOJ GRADOVA ZEMALJA ZAPADNOG BALKANA: ULOGA I POZICIJA U EVROPSKOM KONTEKSTU
INTEGRIRANI I ODRŽIVI RAZVOJ GRADOVA ZEMALJA ZAPADNOG BALKANA: ULOGA I POZICIJA U EVROPSKOM KONTEKSTU
(INTEGRATED AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF CITIES IN THE WESTERN BALKANS: ROLE AND POSITION IN THE EUROPEAN CONTEXT)
- Author(s):Elmir Sadiković
- Language:Bosnian
- Subject(s):Regional Geography, Rural and urban sociology, Economic development, EU-Accession / EU-DEvelopment
- Page Range:248-261
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:European Union; EU; cities: sustainable development; Western Balkans;
- Summary/Abstract:Sustainable development of cities includes three main aspects: environmental, economic and social sustainability in the long run. To achieve these objectives, it is necessary to have an integrated strategic approach to the planning of city development. Integrated city development in the broadest sense implies a holistic rather than sectoral approach to the planning of the development of the city, which includes all important economic, infrastructural, social and other sectors and various interests. Close to 70% of the population of the EU lives in cities, and 59% of the EU population lives in the metropolitan areas which employ 62% of the working population. The cities account for more than 2/3 of the total GDP of the European Union. That is why the economic development of the European Union in the future is essentially conditioned by the development of cities, and only in partnership with the cities can European Union achieve its economic, social and political objectives. Cities are the driving force of economic development, inventiveness and creativity, but are also the hardest hit by the problems of unemployment, poverty, segregation and pollution of the environment. The European Union has recognized that the various economic, environmental, climatic, social and demographic challenges faced by the cities in the European region are closely linked and that in this respect it is necessary to take appropriate political and economic measures, using an integrated approach, in order to address these issues and challenges. In order to ensure integrated and sustainable development of cities, the European Union’s “Europe 2020 Strategy” as one of its goals defines facilitating education, economic development, social integration and environmental protection in cities. The aim of the EU cohesion policy in the period 2014-2020 is actually the adoption of integrated strategies for sustainable urban development, in order to enhance the synergy of local authorities, or potential investors with the resources allocated by European funds. The Western Balkan countries are at different stages of integration into the European Union. From this standpoint, the cities of Western Balkan countries have a different position with respect to the possibility of using European funds. Despite that, “Europe 2020 Strategy” provides an opportunity to all Western Balkan countries to use different funds and strive for sustainable economic development of their cities.
POKRETAČI EKONOMSKOG RAZVOJA: KULTURA, GEOGRAFIJA, INSTITUCIJE, MULTINACIONALNE KOMPANIJE
POKRETAČI EKONOMSKOG RAZVOJA: KULTURA, GEOGRAFIJA, INSTITUCIJE, MULTINACIONALNE KOMPANIJE
(DRIVERS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: CULTURE, GEOGRAPHY, INSTITUTIONS, MULTINATIONAL COMPANIES)
- Author(s):Jasmin Hošo
- Language:Bosnian
- Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Economic policy, Economic development
- Page Range:262-274
- No. of Pages:13
- Keywords:economic development; culture; institutions; multinational companies; direct foreign investment;
- Summary/Abstract:Differences in economic development around the world are significant. The country with the highest income per capita is Luxembourg, while at the end of the scale is Malawi. The question is: Why some countries such as Norway are so developed, and their inhabitants live in prosperity, while some African countries such as Burundi are so underdeveloped and live in poverty? Or: What drives economic development in different countries? Since the time of Adam Smith, many scientists and policy makers discussed this important issue. These discussions are reduced to a few explanations: (1) culture, (2) geography, (3) institutions, and (4) multi-nation companies. Scientists, such as Nobel laureate Douglas North, place the focus on institutions and argue that the institutions “are main determinants for the performance of the economy.” Since institutions provide the incentive structure of society, formal political, legal and economic systems have a significant impact on economic development by affecting the incentives and costs of doing business.
COMPOSITE INDEX FOR QUALITY OF LIFE IN MUNICIPALITIES IN FEDERATION OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
COMPOSITE INDEX FOR QUALITY OF LIFE IN MUNICIPALITIES IN FEDERATION OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
(COMPOSITE INDEX FOR QUALITY OF LIFE IN MUNICIPALITIES IN FEDERATION OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA)
- Author(s):Elma Šatrović, Ensar Šehić
- Language:English
- Subject(s):National Economy, Methodology and research technology, Socio-Economic Research
- Page Range:275-289
- No. of Pages:15
- Keywords:composite index; Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina; Quality of Life; Ranking;
- Summary/Abstract:This paper uses data on 79 municipalities in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FBiH). The aim of this paper is to create quality of life (QoL) indicator for municipalities based on quantitative criteria and to rank them based on index scores. Data on municipalities were obtained from public databases. Variables that are used are: number of doctors, number of hospital beds, number of students in secondary schools, number of teachers in secondary schools, employment rate, unemployment rate compared to active population, GDP per capita and area covered by roads (km2 ). In order to rank municipalities, the variables were divided into five categories, or indices: health, education and training, work, economic well-being and services. The first method that is used is mean-standardized rank method, where each of the indices are standardized, so that the differences between each of the indices are re-scaled to be consistent across each index. The standardized indices are then averaged and used to rank municipalities according to the mean. All indices were weighted equally. Since a relationship between the population of the municipality and the placement in the overall ranking seemed to appear, a population adjusted method was used to account for this, and the indexes were regressed. Results of the first method identify top 3 municipalities: Grad Mostar, Tuzla and Centar-Sarajevo. Results of the second method indicate that the actual change in rank is negative for the larger municipalities – they did not rise as much as expected, and the actual change in rank is positive for the smaller municipalities – they fell in rank more than expected. Comparison of two methods indicates there is a fair amount of agreement between the two ranking methods in the top municipalities. However significant differences appear in the bottom municipalities.
DAVANJE PREDNOSTI PRVOM GRADU: KOMPARATIVNA ANALIZA ODABRANIH ZEMALJA SEE REGIONA
DAVANJE PREDNOSTI PRVOM GRADU: KOMPARATIVNA ANALIZA ODABRANIH ZEMALJA SEE REGIONA
(ATTACHING PREFERENCE TO THE FIRST CITY: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SELECTED COUNTRIES OF THE SEE REGION)
- Author(s):Marijana Galić, Jasmina Osmanković, Ensar Šehić
- Language:Bosnian
- Subject(s):Regional Geography, Policy, planning, forecast and speculation, Rural and urban sociology, Economic development
- Page Range:290-308
- No. of Pages:19
- Keywords:comparative analysis; planning; city data;
- Summary/Abstract:This analysis is to explain the effects of urbanization processes that took place in 1990 in some countries of Southeast Europe. Namely, it is necessary to examine whether the position of capitals in emerging countries has changed in comparison to the time when these cities were the “first” cities - the largest cities and administrative centers of individual republics within Yugoslavia. The analysis will be conducted at several cross sections: 1953, 1961, 1971, 1981, 1990, 2011 and 2013, depending on the availability of data. The analysis is done in a way that the population of the first and the second city is placed in relation to the population of each of the six former republics, ie. present time states. Results obtained by extrapolation of census results made in Socialist Federative Republic of Yugoslavia in the period from 1953 to 1991, and the censuses done in 2003, 2011 and 2013, will be compared to empirical checks for some European cities and cities in developing countries (Todaro and Smith, 2006: 308), with the aim of establishing harmonization. For the purposes of this paper, analysis covered the issue of unemployment, or whether the observed cities faced the problem of urban unemployment.