Gazdaságpolitika - Vidékpolitika
Economic Policy ─ Rural Policy
Challenges of European Union Membership in Szeklerland
Contributor(s): Andrea Csata (Editor), Sándor Elek (Editor)
Subject(s): National Economy, Agriculture, Socio-Economic Research
Published by: Scientia Kiadó
Keywords: Szeklerland; agrarian policy; Romania; EU accession; transborder cooperations;
Summary/Abstract: The volume comprises the lectures delivered at the conference entitled "Provocări de politici economice în Uniunea Europeană. Reflexiuni asupra Ţinutului Secuiesc" [Challenges of Economic Policies in the European Union. Reflections upon the Szeklerland]. The debates presented are focused on the economic crisis and the problems specific to the region at issue. The papers address two main topics: political economy in the context of Romania's accession to the EU and the issues of agrarian policy concerning the area.
Series: Műhely
- Print-ISBN-13: 978-973-1970-24-0
- Page Count: 229
- Publication Year: 2009
- Language: Hungarian
Válságban a demokrácia, válságban a gazdaság – gazdaságpolitikai reform
Válságban a demokrácia, válságban a gazdaság – gazdaságpolitikai reform
(Democracy Is in Crisis, Economy Is in Crisis – Reform of Economic Policy)
- Author(s):Attila Fábián
- Language:Hungarian
- Subject(s):Economic policy
- Page Range:15-29
- No. of Pages:15
- Keywords:democracy; economic policy; globalization; Eastern Europe;
- Summary/Abstract:Today, we are not able to anticipate, how the crisis will shape in the year 2009: is the deepening recession turning into a long depression, is the “economic hell” coming, [P. Krugman, 2009.] or a slow process of being off is starting in the second part of the year, and the system of world economy – though with significant victims and radical changes –finds those new balances, which assure the relative stability. The social capital based on responsibility and trust has run out hazardously, which can be built only onto moral and ideological values. There is not any successful monetary and economic system or democratic political culture without trust and the voluntary follow-up of norms. In the mirror of globalization, the sense of democracy is getting emptier and emptier. The reconciliation of global governance and the efficient democratic responsibility will be the biggest challenge of the forthcoming years for politicians and scientists. And the most important question is: what will be these social, political, and even cultural – taken in the broadest sense – consequences? In my paper, I would like to discover the most important questions of democracy, globalization, in point of the evolved economic crisis, and also analyse the possible political reforms, in their special Eastern European aspect.
A HATÁROK ÉS A HATÁRON ÁTNYÚLÓ KAPCSOLATOK ÁTÉRTÉKELŐDÉSE KELET-KÖZÉP-EURÓPÁBAN
A HATÁROK ÉS A HATÁRON ÁTNYÚLÓ KAPCSOLATOK ÁTÉRTÉKELŐDÉSE KELET-KÖZÉP-EURÓPÁBAN
(REORIENTATION OF THE TRANSBORDER COOPERATIONS IN EAST-CENTRAL EUROPE)
- Author(s):István Süli-Zakar
- Language:Hungarian
- Subject(s):Economic policy, Geopolitics
- Page Range:31-43
- No. of Pages:13
- Keywords:transborder cooperations; East-Central Europe; eurometropolis; eroregion; academic and social climate;
- Summary/Abstract:On the basis of an empirical research carried out in the border regions, euro regions and euro metropolises, elaboration of innovation-oriented, cross-border economic development, human resource development and partnership programs can be a general aim. Supporting these aims was the ultimate goal of creating euro regions and euro metropolises in Western-Europe. The system of euro regions and euro metropolises has been spreading from Western-Europe to the Eastern territories in order that border regions can exploit the comparative advantages being present in border regions even better. The most important aim in border regions, euro regions and euro metropolises is to create an advantageous economic, innovative, academic and social climate by introducing various institutions that can widen the space of successful economy and human resource development, and together with this, they can improve the success of regional development planning and human resource development in the border regions of neighbouring countries.
A KÜLFÖLDI BEFEKTETÉSEK NAGYSÁGA ÉS TERÜLETI MEGOSZLÁSA ROMÁNIÁBAN
A KÜLFÖLDI BEFEKTETÉSEK NAGYSÁGA ÉS TERÜLETI MEGOSZLÁSA ROMÁNIÁBAN
(MAIN REGIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS IN ROMANIA)
- Author(s):István Nagy
- Language:Hungarian
- Subject(s):Economy
- Page Range:45-65
- No. of Pages:21
- Keywords:FDI; Harghita; Covasna; Mures; Szeklerland;
- Summary/Abstract:Foreign direct investments of the past two decades can be considered one of the key incentives of the globalization of world economy, proved also by the fact that the FDI has overgrown international commerce in volume. The present research paper will be a part of my PhD dissertation. My PhD dissertation paper which studies the economic development of the Szeklerland counties (Harghita, Covasna and Mures counties) is based on three basic themes: (1) the analysis of the tertiary and the bank sector (2) contributions to the government budget and governmental subsidies and returns and (3) the presence of foreign direct investments (FDI). This research paper presents the most important facts and numbers of the foreign direct investment in Romania, Central Region and Szeklerland Region (Harghita, Covasna and Mures counties)and reflects its structure and evolution.
HARGITA MEGYE HELYZETE A KÖZPONTI RÉGIÓBAN
HARGITA MEGYE HELYZETE A KÖZPONTI RÉGIÓBAN
(THE SITUATION OF HARGHITA COUNTY IN THE CENTRAL DEVELOPMENT REGION)
- Author(s):Ottilia György, Andrea Csata
- Language:Hungarian
- Subject(s):Economy
- Page Range:67-83
- No. of Pages:17
- Keywords:Central Development Region; Harghita County; living standard; GDP;
- Summary/Abstract:This study presents the analysis of Harghita County in the Central Development Region, taking into consideration different development levels of the counties, the regional inequalities the counties as well as the economic crisis effects. The regional competitiveness analysis was made according to some indicators such as: GDP, productivity, employment / unemployment rate, export level, income level. The conclusion would be that, in order to neutralize the factors which hampered the economic development of the county, a unique economic strategy should be prepared with the target of decreasing inequalities and increasing living standard.
A RURÁLIS TÉRSÉGEK SZEREPE A ROMÁNIAI RÉGIÓK VERSENYKÉPESSÉGÉNEK ALAKULÁSÁBAN
A RURÁLIS TÉRSÉGEK SZEREPE A ROMÁNIAI RÉGIÓK VERSENYKÉPESSÉGÉNEK ALAKULÁSÁBAN
(ROLE OF THE RURAL REGIONS IN RUN OF COMPETITIVENESS OF THE ROMANIAN REGIONS)
- Author(s):János Kassay
- Language:Hungarian
- Subject(s):Rural and urban sociology, Economic development
- Page Range:85-101
- No. of Pages:17
- Keywords:rural regions; intraregional disparities; urban agglomerations; Romanian development regions;
- Summary/Abstract:In this study the author has related that the intraregional disparities are more significant problems than the interregional differences. Each of the development regions from Romania have an important regional centre, but this urban poles do not have the possibilities to integrate the rural areas from the respective region. This urban agglomerations are the engines of the regional competitiveness. This can be reduced to three basic factors, the economical performances, quality of life, existing institutions for tertiary education. On the results we confirm the existence of an urban economy near a rural and underdeveloped Romania. In some regions we define a lot of high developed counties, forming a continuous area, a development axis for the regional and national level, starting from the Western and North Western regions, across the Centre and the North of the South region, Bucharest and Ilfov unto the Black Sea.
KARTELLEK OSZTÁLYZÁSA AZ ÁRRUGALMASSÁG ÉS A PIACI KONCENTRÁCIÓJA ALAPJÁN. EGY FUZZY INFORMÁCIÓS MÁTRIX ALKALMAZÁS
KARTELLEK OSZTÁLYZÁSA AZ ÁRRUGALMASSÁG ÉS A PIACI KONCENTRÁCIÓJA ALAPJÁN. EGY FUZZY INFORMÁCIÓS MÁTRIX ALKALMAZÁS
(CLASSIFICATION OF THE CARTELS ON THE BASIS OF PRICE FLEXIBILITY AND THER’S CONCENTRATION APPLYING A FUZZY INFORMATION MATRIX)
- Author(s):Attila Szöcs, Hunor Burián, Zoltán Makó
- Language:Hungarian
- Subject(s):Social Informatics, Financial Markets
- Page Range:103-117
- No. of Pages:15
- Keywords:cartels; price flexibility; leniency program; matrix; fuzzy numbers;
- Summary/Abstract:The introduction (1996) of the leniency program into the competition law of the European Union and its subsequent development(2002 and 2006) can be regarded as an effective measure in the fight against cartels. In spite of the fact that the leniency program proved to be a successful weapon against cartels, the European Commission needs additional means of facilitating the process of decision-making. We developed a matrix type instrument which operates with two market factors: price elasticity and market concentration. Since the quantities of these factors are uncertain, they can be characterized by fuzzy numbers. Our work sets as its target to develop a frame which makes possible the characterization of the cartels based on these two factors of the markets on which the cartels are acting now, or are likely to act in the future. Firstly, based on the two factors, the matrix will provide us with nine raw categories, which will be refined in probability categories using a fuzzy information matrix. These categories could provide the Commission with a useful means for prediction.
A ROMÁNIAI AGRÁRGAZDASÁG EU-CSATLAKOZÁSÁNAK ELSŐ TAPASZTALATAI
A ROMÁNIAI AGRÁRGAZDASÁG EU-CSATLAKOZÁSÁNAK ELSŐ TAPASZTALATAI
(FIRST EXPERIENCES OF EU ACCESSION OF THE AGRICULTURE IN ROMANIA)
- Author(s):Sándor Elek, József Fogarasi
- Language:Hungarian
- Subject(s):Agriculture, EU-Accession / EU-DEvelopment
- Page Range:121-139
- No. of Pages:19
- Keywords:EU accession; Romania; agriculture; animal husbandry; GDP;
- Summary/Abstract:In our paper we investigate how to adjust the Romanian agriculture to challenges of EU accession. In spite of the shortness of that period, our data base has already made possible to conclude statements. The export-import balance of agricultural products and foods have become worse after the EU accession, but less than the whole foreign trade balance. The proportion of agriculture in GDP and employment and also in consumption declined. But there is not change in trends: these processes have begun before the accession. The trends in changing of production structure also continued: proportion of crop production was increasing compared to animal husbandry. But the figures of farm structure are strange and unexpected ones: the proportion of smallest farms have increased meanwhile the proportion of biggest ones have declined in both number and land using.
FÖLDBIRTOKVÁLTOZÁS ROMÁNIÁBAN
FÖLDBIRTOKVÁLTOZÁS ROMÁNIÁBAN
(LAND PROPERTIES’ CHANGES IN ROMANIA)
- Author(s):Emőke-Katalin Péter
- Language:Hungarian
- Subject(s):Agriculture
- Page Range:141-152
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:Central and Eastern European countries; land properties; agrarian reform;
- Summary/Abstract:Similarly to other Central and Eastern European countries, in the transition process the transformation of the structure of the land properties had one of the most important roles. The study presents these transformations steps from 1921 till 1991. These steps, some of them painful, were changes like: the 1921 agrarian reform which was taken to reduce the social differences and prevent a potential peasant rebellion. The most important changes happened in 1945 and 1962, both of these changes were motivated by political ideology. One of the last reforms, which wants to give the properties back, and wants to facilitate the democratic processes, was in 1991; this law created the possibilities to develop the land market.
A MINŐSÉGI TEJTERMELÉS FELTÉTELEINEK KIALAKÍTÁSA A POGÁNY-HAVAS KISTÉRSÉGBEN
A MINŐSÉGI TEJTERMELÉS FELTÉTELEINEK KIALAKÍTÁSA A POGÁNY-HAVAS KISTÉRSÉGBEN
(CREATION OF THE CONDITIONS FOR QUALITY MILK PRODUCTION IN THE POGÁNY-HAVAS SUBREGION)
- Author(s):Miklós Lapis, Hajnalka Madai
- Language:Hungarian
- Subject(s):Agriculture
- Page Range:153-169
- No. of Pages:17
- Keywords:milk production; Pogány-Havas region;
- Summary/Abstract:To raise the living standard and quality for the people who live in the Pogány-Havas region to the rate of the county and country level, economic factors of the region have to assist more effectively the income growth capacity of small and micro villages. Most incomes of producers of these villages have been coming from cattle and milk production for a long time. Accession to the EU created a new situation for milk producers as well. Strict conditions were taking effect in the field of qualified agricultural production such as milk production as well. Cooperation and integration of milk producers of the region is indispensable, because the system and quality of the earlier milk production, collection and carriage do not meet the new requirement. In the present study we tried to suggest solutions or outbreak possibilities for the milk producers of the Pogány-Havas Region by applying the analysis of the given natural endowments, production system and structure and the milk sector of the country. For the study we used international, national and regional statistic data of 2007-2008, and the results of our personal local survey. In the suggestions published in this study we examined all the related fields’ milk production and as a result of this, our opinion is that by working out targeted applications, the position of milk producer families and the economy of the community can be improved in the near future. But the main condition of this are the underarm induced proposals and pilot projects for creating production groups and integrated cooperation in the region.
INTEGRÁLT TEJTERMELÉSI RENDSZER HOMORÓDALMÁSON
INTEGRÁLT TEJTERMELÉSI RENDSZER HOMORÓDALMÁSON
(INTEGRATED MILK PRODUCTION SYSTEM IN HOMORÓDALMÁS (MEREŞTI))
- Author(s):Kálmán Sándor
- Language:Hungarian
- Subject(s):Agriculture
- Page Range:171-178
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:milk production; Homoródalmás; Dairy Cattle Breeders’ Association;
- Summary/Abstract:The study describes the milk production in Homoródalmás (Meresti) from a practical point of view from the beginnings till the present. This production system can be considered best-practice and the study shows us the successful story from the founding of the Dairy Cattle Breeders’ Association, continuing with the results and failures, until the successful implementation of projects and grants. The article describes not only the successes and failures, but it also shows the practical steps which can be undertaken for further realizable successes.
EURÓPAI UNIÓS INTEGRÁCIÓ ÉS A MINDENNAPI ÉLET SZÉKELYFÖLDÖN
EURÓPAI UNIÓS INTEGRÁCIÓ ÉS A MINDENNAPI ÉLET SZÉKELYFÖLDÖN
(EUROPEAN INTEGRATION AND EVERYDAY ECONOMIC LIFE IN THE SZEKLERLAND)
- Author(s):Árpád Szabó, Andrea Csata
- Language:Hungarian
- Subject(s):Micro-Economics
- Page Range:179-195
- No. of Pages:17
- Keywords:European integration; Central Statistical Region of Romania;
- Summary/Abstract:Our paper presents some partial results of a wide regional research regarding the economic integration of nations and economies in the areas surrounded by the Carpathian Alps (Réti, 2004). The research was made by 7 teams in 4 countries. The authors conducted their research in the Central Statistical Region of Romania, mainly in the areas populated by ethnic Hungarians. The paper presents, how an area placed in the centre of a country can be regarded as a peripherical area, and how the periphery can act like a centre. We described what differences can be found between the official, centralized data and the everyday life. Our conclusions explain why those differences occur.Our paper presents some partial results of a wide regional research regarding the economic integration of nations and economies in the areas surrounded by the Carpathian Alps (Réti, 2004). The research was made by 7 teams in 4 countries. The authors conducted their research in the Central Statistical Region of Romania, mainly in the areas populated by ethnic Hungarians. The paper presents, how an area placed in the centre of a country can be regarded as a peripheral area, and how the periphery can act like a centre. We described what differences can be found between the official, centralized data and the everyday life. Our conclusions explain why those differences occur.
A BIOGÁZ HASZNOSÍTÁSÁNAK LEHETŐSÉGEI HARGITA MEGYÉBEN
A BIOGÁZ HASZNOSÍTÁSÁNAK LEHETŐSÉGEI HARGITA MEGYÉBEN
(UTILIZATION OF BIOGAS POTENTIAL IN HARGHITA COUNTY)
- Author(s):Péter Pál
- Language:Hungarian
- Subject(s):Energy and Environmental Studies
- Page Range:197-209
- No. of Pages:13
- Keywords:Harghita County; biogas; environment protection;
- Summary/Abstract:In this study, we analyse the biogas production and potential use in Harghita County. From the potential substrates we have chosen waste and other secondary raw materials from the agriculture and food industry. The small scale production of biogas is part of a sustainable or integrated rural development system, which was taken into account the protection of the environment, but also produces alternative income for local rural people.
Abstracts
Abstracts
(Abstracts)
- Contributor(s):Andrea Csata (Editor), Sándor Elek (Editor)
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:211-216
- No. of Pages:6
Rezumate
Rezumate
(Abstracts)
- Contributor(s):Andrea Csata (Editor), Sándor Elek (Editor)
- Language:Romanian
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:217-223
- No. of Pages:7
A szerzőkről
A szerzőkről
(About the Authors)
- Contributor(s):Andrea Csata (Editor), Sándor Elek (Editor)
- Language:Hungarian
- Subject(s):Politics / Political Sciences, Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:225-229
- No. of Pages:5
