Badania problemów społecznych w (przed)pandemicznej rzeczywistości
Research on social problems in (pre-)pandemic reality
Contributor(s): Paulina Bunio-Mroczek (Editor), Andrzej Kacprzak (Editor)
Subject(s): Social Sciences, Health and medicine and law
Published by: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Keywords: sociological sciences; social problems; Covid-19; SARS-COV-2 pandemic; sociological research
Summary/Abstract: The articles that we decided to include in the book were originally presented as papers presented during a scientific conference entitled "Contemporary social problems in dynamic reality", which was the jubilee of prof. Jolanta Grotowska-Leder. The conference took place at the Institute of Sociology of the University of Lodz in October 2021. The book consists of nine scientific texts. Most of them relate to the pandemic reality, directing our attention towards new ways of conceptualizing and experiencing social problems, as well as organizing counteracting them after March 2020.
- E-ISBN-13: 978-83-8331-186-9
- Print-ISBN-13: 978-83-8331-185-2
- Page Count: 180
- Publication Year: 2023
- Language: Polish
Wprowadzenie
Wprowadzenie
(Introduction)
- Author(s):Paulina Bunio-Mroczek
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Editorial
- Page Range:7-10
- No. of Pages:4
Procesy kompensacyjne w rozwiązywaniu problemów społecznych
Procesy kompensacyjne w rozwiązywaniu problemów społecznych
(COMPENSATORY PROCESSES IN SOLVING SOCIAL PROBLEMS)
- Author(s):Andrzej Słaboń
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Health and medicine and law
- Page Range:13-28
- No. of Pages:16
- Keywords:compensation; social problems; inclusion; social welfare; positive social policy; pacification
- Summary/Abstract:The article considers the role of compensatory processes in the emergence and solution of social problems. Compensation is usually considered as compensating for deficits of various groups and social environments. Compensating for inequality through inclusion policies is becoming an essential feature of the welfare state. However, compensatory processes can be understood more broadly as the reactions of entities to the dominant features of the social order. In this context, spontaneous compensation is indicated. The manifestation of the dominant features of the social order is the phenomenon of excessive formalization and overregulation of social life leading to various forms of social opposition. The widely emphasized policy of inclusion produces opposite tendencies of the character of hidden exclusion. Solving many social problems in this approach consists in the conversion of spontaneous compensation processes. Regulating these processes becomes part of the positive social policy agenda.
Niepełnosprawność, praca rynkowa i nierynkowa w perspektywie polityki życia i otwierania „okien możliwości”
Niepełnosprawność, praca rynkowa i nierynkowa w perspektywie polityki życia i otwierania „okien możliwości”
(DISABILITY, MARKET AND NON-MARKET WORK IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE POLICY OF LIFE AND OPENING WINDOWS OF OPPORTUNITIES)
- Author(s):Ewa Giermanowska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Sociology, Health and medicine and law
- Page Range:29-45
- No. of Pages:17
- Keywords:disability; independent life; market and non-market work; refusal to work
- Summary/Abstract:In modern societies, professional work of people with disabilities and professional activation programs have become the norm. Their right to work on an equal basis with others and the promotion of equal opportunities in the field of training and employment set the directions of action in international and national politics [[UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities 2006]. The failures of numerous professional activation programs for people with disabilities raise the question of the boundaries of activation and limitations of the process of normalizing market policies and work ideologies. In this context, "refusal to work" can become a sanctioned choice. Changing lifestyles and work styles strengthen alternative choices and the acceptance process for other forms of work, which may include, among others, caring work, social work, disease management, rehabilitation. Referring to Giddens' concept of the politics of emancipation and the politics of life in late modern societies, it is worth considering the forms of work alternative to market labor and the choices of lifestyles. The current political activities are focused primarily on increasing the professional activity of people with disabilities. However, it cannot be ruled out that in the process of creating politics and political games [Kingdon 1995] new solutions will emerge and "windows of opportunity" will be created for the recognition of alternative forms of work. The communities of people with disabilities will play a key role in introducing new solutions and opening "windows of opportunities".
Teoria subkultury starości a niektóre zjawiska społeczne dotyczące ludzi starszych
Teoria subkultury starości a niektóre zjawiska społeczne dotyczące ludzi starszych
(THE THEORY OF SUBCULTURE OF THE AGING VERSUS SOME SOCIAL PHENOMENA REGARDING SENIOR CITIZENS)
- Author(s):Marek Niezabitowski
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Gerontology
- Page Range:47-61
- No. of Pages:15
- Keywords:main assumptions of the theory of subculture of the aging; macrostructural factors favoring the emergence of subculture of the aging; social distinctiveness of senior citizens; intergenerational gap
- Summary/Abstract:For a long time, in the sociological discourse on the social situation of old people, there is a conviction that the distance between the generations is deepening. It appears in the reflections of both Polish and foreign gerontologists and sociologists. The theory of subculture of the aging is one of those reflections that took a condensed and structured form. The article will show the main assumptions of this theory according to Arnold Rose and some characteristic features of the social distinctiveness of older people in the light of Arlie Hochschild's research. They will be exhibited, among others, the factors favoring the formation of the old age subculture and areas of its functioning according to Rose, as well as some patterns of behavior observed by Hochschild among the members of the seniors’ subculture group studied by this researcher. The author will indicate certain processes that in Polish reality could / may favor the emergence of phenomena of a character of the old age subculture. The areas of social life related to the elderly and research topics or problems that may be inspired by the theory of subculture of the aging will be also introduced.
Pandemia SARS-CoV-2 jako czynnik wykluczenia społecznego osób starszych
Pandemia SARS-CoV-2 jako czynnik wykluczenia społecznego osób starszych
(SARS-COV-2 PANDEMIC AS A FACTOR IN THE SOCIAL EXCLUSION OF THE ELDERLY)
- Author(s):Magdalena Wieczorkowska, Paweł Przyłęcki, Agnieszka Pawlak
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Sociology, Health and medicine and law, Gerontology
- Page Range:65-80
- No. of Pages:16
- Keywords:older adults; pandemic; COVID-19; social exclusion
- Summary/Abstract:Older adults are the group vulnerable to various form of exclusion including – among others - the workplace, in the healthcare system, the insurance system, in culture or in digital world. Inclusive actions which – due to the demographic trends - are undertaken globally, have been limited due to SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The coronavirus has touched – directly or non-directly – every single person, forcing them to modify, to stop or to undertake new activities. In many areas its consequences are negative - the pandemic deepened the existing inequalities in such areas as: medical (difficulty in treating conditions other than COVID-19, increasing crisis in the health care system), socio-cultural (limitation of social contacts and in the use of cultural goods and services), economic (job losses and increasing unemployment, bankruptcy of companies, financial state interventions), religious and spiritual (isolation, difficulty in participation in religious ceremonies), political (deepening of socio-political divides du to restrictions, changes in national and international arrangements of political powers). The pandemic increased social isolation of older adults, which they had very often previously experienced. From the beginning, media broadcast underlined that older adults are particular group of people, that should be protected. Thus, many restrictions and recommendation have been implemented, which eventually has led to loneliness. In the paper we present selected results of the study on psychosocial and health consequences of isolation caused by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic among persons aged 55+. The data will show, how the pandemic has changed the situation of respondents in the area of social activity and social contacts being – to some extent – a factor of social exclusion.
Działalność organizacji pozarządowych na rzecz rozwiązywania aktualnych problemów społecznych – pandemia COVID-19
Działalność organizacji pozarządowych na rzecz rozwiązywania aktualnych problemów społecznych – pandemia COVID-19
(NGO ACTIVITIES FOR SOLVING ACTUAL SOCIAL ISSUES – COVID-19 PANDEMIC)
- Author(s):Agnieszka Murawska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Health and medicine and law, Policy, planning, forecast and speculation
- Page Range:81-97
- No. of Pages:17
- Keywords:NGOs; COVID-19 pandemic; social exclusion
- Summary/Abstract:NGOs as well as the government must adapt to the processes occurring in the modern world causing changes in the nature and structure of social problems. Undoubtedly, the last great challenge to be faced in modern times was (is) the COVID-19 pandemic. It was it that exposed the problems faced by people at risk of social exclusion. People with disabilities and seniors, due to physical or housing limitations, are forced to stay in their homes all the time. During the pandemic, this experience became close to a huge group of people. In addition, the multitude of those who are digitally excluded should be highlighted. The purpose of the article will be to try to answer the research question: Did and how did NGOs adapt their activities to the Covid-19 pandemic situation? The pretext for consideration will be the report of the Klon-Jawor Association on the condition of NGOs “A year in pandemic 2020/2021”.
Życie w czasie pandemii COVID-19. Przeobrażenia kontaktów i relacji między ludźmi
Życie w czasie pandemii COVID-19. Przeobrażenia kontaktów i relacji między ludźmi
(LIFE DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC. TRANSFORMATIONS OF HUMAN CONTACTS AND RELATIONSHIPS)
- Author(s):Marta Karkowska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Health and medicine and law, Environmental interactions
- Page Range:99-116
- No. of Pages:18
- Keywords:pandemic; Covid-19; social life; qualitative research; Poland
- Summary/Abstract:The article discusses issues related to the transformations of social life in Poland caused by the emergence and spread of the Covid-19 disease. It discusses, among other things, observed at the micro-social level the transformations of previously practiced ways of contacting other people; perception of contacts with strangers or those who do not belong to the household or close family; changes in activities carried out in the public space; as well as transformations of patterns of social behaviors. The key causes of these phenomena and the consequences observed after the first year of the pandemic were also identified. The theoretical framework of the conclusions are the concepts of social ties and social change. The empirical basis for the conclusions is provided by materials obtained from a qualitative study conducted in 2020 in connection with the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic in Poland. The study focused on social attitudes and lifestyles in the context of climate change. A second research project was carried out in 2021, and the researchers returned to the same interviewees with updated research questions.
Polaryzacja wokół kwestii związanych z religią i religijnością na przykładzie nowomedialnego sporu o otwarte kościoły podczas Świąt Wielkanocnych w 2021 r.
Polaryzacja wokół kwestii związanych z religią i religijnością na przykładzie nowomedialnego sporu o otwarte kościoły podczas Świąt Wielkanocnych w 2021 r.
(POLARIZATION AROUND ISSUES RELATED TO RELIGION AND RELIGIOSITY ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE NEW MEDIA DISPUTE OVER OPEN CHURCHES DURING EASTER IN 2021)
- Author(s):Andy Christian Körber
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Environmental interactions, Sociology of Religion
- Page Range:117-136
- No. of Pages:20
- Keywords:new media; framing analysis; religious transformation; Easter; SARS-CoV-2 pandemic; polarization
- Summary/Abstract:In the sociology of religion, the Internet is mainly treated as a new place to participate in religious practices or to obtain religious knowledge. However, it is not studied as a kind of public sphere where the meaning and forms of religion and the aforementioned practices are debated. Therefore, the role of new media in defining the direction of contemporary religious changes remains poorly recognized. The subject of the article is an analysis of how the Internet discourse reflects social divisions in the area of religion and religiosity. Using the so-called framing analysis the article focuses on the online dispute over open churches during Easter in 2021 and reconstructs 12 media frames on the basis of 162 texts from popular Polish websites. It has been noted that most of them are characterized either by the criticism of the institution of the Roman Catholic Church or its defense, which may be associated with the polarization of the discourse on religion and religiosity in Poland. On the other hand, Internet texts rarely provide answers to the question of how to reconcile the need for personal participation in important religious holidays with concern for health in the next peak of the pandemic.
Od incydentów do pracy zdalnej. Przedpandemiczne doświadczenia pracujących z domu w czasie lockdownu
Od incydentów do pracy zdalnej. Przedpandemiczne doświadczenia pracujących z domu w czasie lockdownu
(FROM INCIDENTS TO REMOTE WORK. PRE-PANDEMIC EXPERIENCES OF WORKING FROM HOME DURING THE LOCKDOWN)
- Author(s):Piotr Binder
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Labor relations, Health and medicine and law
- Page Range:137-158
- No. of Pages:22
- Keywords:remote work; teleworkability; boundary theory; COVID-19; qualitative research
- Summary/Abstract:The paper attempts to analyze one of the aspects of social change, which is the progressive process of making work more flexible. The starting point was the thesis assuming that remote work's technical and organizational components and the practice of performing some professional duties remotely were popularized long before the pandemic. However, it was not indicated by the pre-pandemic measurements of forms of employment such as teleworking. The empirical basis of the text was 49 semi-structured qualitative interviews with people working remotely at the beginning of the pandemic. The presented analyzes were inspired, on the one hand, by the concept of teleworkability, which makes it possible to go beyond the binary stationary-remote opposition, and on the other, by the boundary theory, which sensitizes to changes taking place at the intersection of professional and private spheres. The analysis results are grounded in data typology of pre-pandemic experiences of remote work. Its interpretations indicate that remote work components gradually penetrated employees' lives, resulting in more flexible spatial and temporal frameworks while violating the boundaries between work and private life. These processes were also a source of valuable experience for employees forced to work remotely at the beginning of the pandemic. The spectrum of professional contexts in which these changes have been observed indicates a broader cultural background of transformations in the work sphere.
Glajchszalt resocjalizacyjny – opinie skazanych kobiet i mężczyzn na temat przygotowania do życia na wolności w warunkach polskiego więzienia
Glajchszalt resocjalizacyjny – opinie skazanych kobiet i mężczyzn na temat przygotowania do życia na wolności w warunkach polskiego więzienia
(SOCIAL REHABILITATION GLITCH - OPINIONS OF CONVICTED MEN AND WOMEN ON PREPARATION FOR LIFE OUTSIDE PRISON)
- Author(s):Andrzej Kacprzak
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Sociology, Criminology, Environmental interactions
- Page Range:159-176
- No. of Pages:18
- Keywords:prisoner rehabilitation; prisoner reentry; social exclusion; ex-prisoners; post-release services; recidivism; focus group interview (FGI)
- Summary/Abstract:Poland is the country with the largest number of prisoners in the European Union, and their number has been constantly growing again for several years. This tendency takes place despite the widespread questioning of the effectiveness of the social rehabilitation system, which is supported by, for example, high rates of recidivism. The return of former convicts to crime, courts and prisons takes place in the specific context of Polish penitentiary and post-penitentiary studies. After being released, former prisoners experience many difficulties in trying to secure their social and economic resources, which - especially with a deficit of support - often contributes to their repeated criminalization. The text deals with the issues of social rehabilitation and post-penitentiary aid in Poland from the perspective of men and women serving prison sentences. The empirical basis of the analyzes are focused group interviews conducted with recidivists and recidivists serving imprisonment in prisons in Poland.
