Studies in Contrastive Semantics, Pragmatics, and Morphology
Studies in Contrastive Semantics, Pragmatics, and Morphology
Contributor(s): Paulina Biały (Editor), Bożena Cetnarowska (Editor)
Subject(s): Language studies, Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Morphology, Semantics, Pragmatics, Cognitive linguistics
Published by: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Keywords: contrastive linguistics; cognitive linguistics; semantics; pragmatics; morphology
Summary/Abstract: The book constitutes a collection of articles devoted to the problems associated with contrastive linguistics. The articles presented in the volume discuss above all the problems of contrastive cognitive semantics. Nevertheless, some articles are focused on morphology and contrastive pragmatics, owing to which the book may be a worthwhile item for a broader readership. The publication discusses linguistic phenomena which are featured mainly in the Polish and in the English language, although the reader may also be interested in references to the Croatian, French or Czech languages. Inasmuch as the introduction presents an overview of the most important problems of contrastive linguistics in a broader context, the purpose of the particular articles is to present the current trends in contrastive research and the varied research methods. Therefore the present publication is intended mainly for linguists, theoreticians and practitioner of contrastive linguistics, as well as the experts in the field of cognitive linguistics.
Series: Językoznawstwo
- E-ISBN-13: 978-83-226-3177-5
- Print-ISBN-13: 978-83-226-3176-8
- Page Count: 156
- Publication Year: 2018
- Language: English
List of contributors
List of contributors
(List of contributors)
- Author(s):Not Specified Author
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:153-154
- No. of Pages:2
Introduction: An overview of current trends in contrastive semantics, pragmatics, and morphology
Introduction:
An overview of current trends
in contrastive semantics, pragmatics, and morphology
(Introduction:
An overview of current trends
in contrastive semantics, pragmatics, and morphology)
- Author(s):Paulina Biały, Bożena Cetnarowska
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies
- Page Range:7-14
- No. of Pages:8
The concept of proximity and its metaphorical transfer – near and next to
The concept of proximity and its metaphorical transfer – near and next to
(The concept of proximity and its metaphorical transfer – near and next to)
- Author(s):Maria Brenda
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Semantics
- Page Range:17-37
- No. of Pages:21
- Summary/Abstract:The present corpus-based study analyzes the semantics of two spatial prepositions, near and next to, which encode the concept of proximity and which may be transferred to other nonspatial domains. The research suggests that the semantic structures of the two prepositions are best seen as semantic networks, with the primary spatial senses functioning as their respective prototypes and other related senses as more peripheral extensions. At the same time, an insight into their rather impoverished polysemies in comparison to other spatial prepositions, such as on, in, at, or over, is demonstrated. The question of Polish equivalence is also taken into consideration. English–Polish dictionaries suggest that near and next to may be translated in a similar way, that is, by means of words such as obok, opodal, and w pobliżu for near, and obok, przy, and tuż przy for next to. The present study suggests that those equivalents are, in fact, suitable, however, only for the primary spatial senses of the prepositions under study, while more peripheral senses require other linguistic means to be expressed in Polish.
- Price: 4.50 €
English and Polish post-verbal complementation: A study in cognitive contrastive semantics
English and Polish post-verbal complementation: A study in cognitive contrastive semantics
(English and Polish post-verbal complementation: A study in cognitive contrastive semantics)
- Author(s):Agnieszka Kaleta
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Semantics, Cognitive linguistics, Western Slavic Languages
- Page Range:39-53
- No. of Pages:15
- Summary/Abstract:The present study presents a contrastive analysis of English and Polish clausal complementation as it occurs in post-verbal position. It draws on functional and cognitive linguistic approaches to complementation, according to which the distribution of complement patterns is not random or arbitrary but semantically motivated. Using Givón’s theory of semantic binding and cognitive linguistic theories of complementation as tertium comparationis, the study investigates the cross-linguistic validity of these theories, demonstrating that while the binding theory is a cross linguistic phenomenon (with some coding differences), the construals encoded by schematic meanings of complement constructions tend to show some language-specific properties.
- Price: 4.50 €
Contrastive study of governed prepositions in Croatian, English, and French
Contrastive study of governed prepositions in Croatian, English, and French
(Contrastive study of governed prepositions in Croatian, English, and French)
- Author(s):Daniela Katunar, Ida Raffaelli
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Language studies, Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Semantics, South Slavic Languages
- Page Range:55-70
- No. of Pages:16
- Summary/Abstract:Governed prepositions are defined as prepositions in the relation of strong government with another lexical unit in a syntactic phrase, for example, a verb (believe in, rely on) (Rauh 1993; Hoffmann 2007; Gaszewski 2012). The relation of strong government makes prepositions obligatory complements of verbs and entails a semantic difference between verb senses with or without a preposition (Eng. believe someone – believe in someone; Cro. držati (što u ruci) ‘hold (something in hand)’ – držati do ‘appreciate; lit. hold to’; Fr. porter ‘put, wear’ – porter sur ‘to focus on’). It also entails a change in the meaning of a preposition and results in its extension from the basic spatial meaning, as in be in the box – believe in someone. It is therefore the aim of this study to examine the properties of governed prepositions in three structurally different languages – Croatian, English, and French.
- Price: 4.50 €
Rewarding: Propositional semantic model of a conceptual category. Collocations with the nouns PRIZE and NAGRODA
Rewarding: Propositional semantic model of a conceptual category. Collocations with the nouns PRIZE and NAGRODA
(Rewarding: Propositional semantic model of a conceptual category. Collocations with the nouns PRIZE and NAGRODA)
- Author(s):Katarzyna Kokot-Góra
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Semantics
- Page Range:71-81
- No. of Pages:11
- Summary/Abstract:The aim of the article is to reconstruct a conceptual category through propositional semantics model, that is, taking into account predicate-argument structures encoded in the lexical meaning of such verbal units as Pol nagradzać/nagrodzić and Eng award/reward as well as abstract nouns Pol nagroda and Eng prize. The article will concentrate on a contrastive analysis of collocations with the abstract nouns prize and nagroda with a noun component. The research will focus on description and cognitive interpretation of semantic functions of participants in a cognitive model of the situation of awarding, including the obligatory (subject, addressee, instrument/means, reason) as well as facultative elements (e.g., aim). The novelty is introduced by establishing a category of semantic syncretism, that is, syncretic realization of a number of semantic functions in one argument position. The results show, inter alia, that the propositional-semantic analysis of a conceptual category cannot be limited to language corpora and linguistic competence (e.g., lexical) and that it should include knowledge of situational patterns as well as experiential foundation, that is, information on alternative forms of realization of the same situational pattern. Data for the study was excerpted from two corpora: NKJP (Narodowy Korpus Języka Polskiego – National Corpus of Polish) and COCA (Corpus of Contemporary American English).
- Price: 4.50 €
Abstract extensions of the relation UNDER represented by English particle under and Polish verbal prefix pod-
Abstract extensions of the relation UNDER represented by English particle under and Polish verbal prefix pod-
(Abstract extensions of the relation UNDER represented by English particle under and Polish verbal prefix pod-)
- Author(s):Ewa Konieczna
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Semantics, Western Slavic Languages
- Page Range:83-99
- No. of Pages:17
- Summary/Abstract:In this paper, it is argued that multiple abstract senses of the particle under and the verbal prefix pod- are motivated by the prototypical spatial meaning of the corresponding prepositions. Principled Polysemy Model adopted here argues that meaning extension takes place through general cognitive principles, such as experiential correlation, or real world force dynamics. Owing to pragmatic strengthening, the new meaning becomes established in the semantic network as a separate sense, distinct from the spatial configuration which initially gave rise to it but at the same time was grounded in human everyday interactions with the world and the nature of human body. The aim pursued here is to analyze non-spatial extensions of the particle under and verbal prefix pod- with a view to identifying both universal tendencies and language specific divergences.
- Price: 4.50 €
Politeness and friendliness in public spaces and transport
Politeness and friendliness in public spaces and transport
(Politeness and friendliness in public spaces and transport)
- Author(s):Ewa Bogdanowska-Jakubowska
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Morphology, Pragmatics
- Page Range:103-125
- No. of Pages:23
- Summary/Abstract:Public spaces and transport play a very important role in the life of the society. They act as a “self-organising public service,” a shared resource in which experiences and values are created (Mean and Tims 2005). These are places where people are in the presence of other people. The success of a particular public space is not only in the hands of the architect and the urban planner, but it also depends on the people using it. In public spaces and transport, one can read notices which provide their users with instructions how to behave and interact with others, what is acceptable in a particular place and what is not, constituting the so-called traffic rules of social interactions (Goffman 1967). Others are expressions of friendliness, intended to make passers-by and customers feel good. The aim of the study is to analyze this type of inscriptions present in American and Polish urban public spaces and transport. Due to the specificity of the discourse, I decided to employ Critical Discourse Analysis to analyze it.
- Price: 4.50 €
Loanword adaptation patterns: The case of English loans in Polish and Czech
Loanword adaptation patterns: The case of English loans in Polish and Czech
(Loanword adaptation patterns: The case of English loans in Polish and Czech)
- Author(s):Mirosław Bańko, Diana Svobodová
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Morphology, Pragmatics, Western Slavic Languages
- Page Range:127-136
- No. of Pages:10
- Summary/Abstract:The paper addresses the question of whether there exists some typical order by which the adaptation of loanwords’ pronunciation, morphology, and spelling proceeds in Polish and Czech. The approach used can be classified as empirical and quantitative. A sample of loanwords is divided into groups corresponding to different adaptation patterns. The numbers of loans assigned to particular patterns are analyzed subsequently in order to reveal a typical adaptation order these patterns might be a result of.
- Price: 4.50 €
Women pilots, pilot girls, aviatrices, and their equivalents in the Polish language: On gender marking in English and Polish
Women pilots, pilot girls, aviatrices, and their equivalents in the Polish language: On gender marking in English and Polish
(Women pilots, pilot girls, aviatrices, and their equivalents in the Polish language: On gender marking in English and Polish)
- Author(s):Bożena Cetnarowska
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Language and Literature Studies, Theoretical Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Morphology, Pragmatics, Western Slavic Languages
- Page Range:137-151
- No. of Pages:15
- Summary/Abstract:This paper examines the phenomenon of gender marking in names of professions, as exemplified by terms referring to female pilots in English and Polish. Special emphasis is laid on English N+N compounds, such as women pilots, pilot girls, and Polish N+N juxtapositions, such as kobieta pilot (lit. woman pilot). The issue of headedness of such compounds (and compound-like expressions) is discussed briefly.
- Price: 4.50 €
