RAIS COLLECTIVE VOLUME – ECONOMIC SCIENCE
RAIS COLLECTIVE VOLUME – ECONOMIC SCIENCE
Author(s): Fufa Eticha Gafesa, Bogale Berhanu Bent, Nelu Burcea, Ruth Asantewaa Owusu, Julia M. Puaschunder
Subject(s): Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Economy, Economic policy, Public Finances, ICT Information and Communications Technologies, Business Ethics
Published by: Scientia Moralitas Research Institute
Keywords: Collective Volume; economics; business; finance;
Summary/Abstract: This volume contains five original papers which cover a wider area of economics for a broad international readership.
- E-ISBN-13: 978-1-945298-11-0
- Page Count: 131
- Publication Year: 2018
- Language: English
Towards a Utility Theory of Privacy and Information Sharing and the Introduction of Hyper-Hyperbolic Discounting in the Digital Big Data Age
Towards a Utility Theory of Privacy and Information Sharing and the Introduction of Hyper-Hyperbolic Discounting in the Digital Big Data Age
(Towards a Utility Theory of Privacy and Information Sharing and the Introduction of Hyper-Hyperbolic Discounting in the Digital Big Data Age)
- Author(s):Julia M. Puaschunder
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Behaviorism, Economic development, Socio-Economic Research
- Page Range:4-46
- No. of Pages:42
- Keywords:Behavioral Economics; Behavioral Political Economy; Democratization of information;
- Summary/Abstract:Economics is concerned about utility. Utility theory captures people’s preferences or values. As one of the foundations of economic theory, the wealth of information and theories on utility lacks information about decision-making conflicts between preferences and values. The preference for communication is inherent in human beings as a distinct feature of humanity. Leaving a written legacy that can inform many generations to come is a humane-unique advancement of society. At the same time, however, privacy is a core human value. People choose what information to share with whom and like to protect some parts of their selves by secrecy. Protecting people’s privacy is a codified virtue around the globe grounded in the wish to uphold individual’s dignity. Yet to this day, no utility theory exists to describe the internal conflict arising from the individual preference to communicate and the value of privacy. In the age of instant communication and social media big data storage and computational power; the need for understanding people’s trade off between communication and privacy has leveraged to unprecedented momentum. For one, enormous data storage capacities and computational power in the e-big data era have created unforeseen opportunities for big data hoarding corporations to reap hidden benefits from individual’s information sharing, which occurs bit by bit in small tranches over time. Behavioral economics describes human decision making fallibility over time but has – to this day – not covered the problem of individuals’ decision to share information about themselves in tranches on social media and big data administrators being able to reap a benefit from putting data together over time and reflecting the individual’s information in relation to big data of others.
Aggregation for Sustainable Traceability in Smallholder Coffee Producers: Cases of Ethiopia
Aggregation for Sustainable Traceability in Smallholder Coffee Producers: Cases of Ethiopia
(Aggregation for Sustainable Traceability in Smallholder Coffee Producers: Cases of Ethiopia)
- Author(s):Fufa Eticha Gafesa
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Economic development, Human Resources in Economy, Socio-Economic Research
- Page Range:47-71
- No. of Pages:25
- Keywords:coffee arabica; traceability,;cooperative unions; supply chain; barcode; aggregation;
- Summary/Abstract:Ethiopia is the origin of coffee and home of genetic diversity to the coffee arabica species. The country is standing first in Africa and sixth in the world in coffee production (ICO 2018). Arabica coffee is the main cash crop, and has been the backbone of Ethiopian economy for so long time, even though its share is slowly decreasing with emerging of other sectors in the economy. Cost reductions, sustainability, value chain and quality improvement are now the major priorities in coffee production systems which substantially require huge efforts of various actors. On the other hand, the nature of production systems dominated by smallholder farmers in a conventional way kept the Ethiopian coffee far below the level it deserve indicating determinations to improve the entire value chain toward more conveniently reliable and value addition. As a result, smallholder farmers at micro level and the country by large have been losing possible premiums and price margins supposed to be gained by sustainably traceable coffee supply. Eventually, unless smallholder famers could aggregate their products in the cooperative/union framework it will be probably less promising for them to add values and thus improve their wellbeing just only by sticking to the traditional cycles of producing coffee and supplying to collectors or local traders.
The Impact of Microfinance on Poverty Reduction and Women Empowerment
The Impact of Microfinance on Poverty Reduction and Women Empowerment
(The Impact of Microfinance on Poverty Reduction and Women Empowerment)
- Author(s):Bogale Berhanu Bent
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Micro-Economics, Economic development, Socio-Economic Research
- Page Range:72-86
- No. of Pages:15
- Keywords:microfinance institutions; poverty; women;
- Summary/Abstract:This paper is to examine the impact of microfinance on poverty reduction and women empowerment as perceived by microfinance institutions and experienced by aspiring women credit participant in Ethiopia. The study reviewed different literatures and broadly focused on social activities and economic empowerment of women beside household poverty reduction and economic development and the effect of household income, the objective of this study is to show how microfinance works, by using women participants for reducing poverty and how it affects the living standard (income, saving etc.) of the household poor people in Ethiopia, The microfinance institutions (MFIs) provide the opportunity for the people who are living under the poverty lines, the institution particularly encourage poor women households and the result will show that how poverty reduced by encouraging and providing access to finance poor household. Microfinance institutions are claimed to directly affect household income by encouraging productivity, increasing diversity of production and productivity, and maximizing the utilization of the available resources.
Business and Moralities
Business and Moralities
(Business and Moralities)
- Author(s):Nelu Burcea
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Business Ethics
- Page Range:87-94
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:Business; Morality: Ethics: Economics: Business Environment:
- Summary/Abstract:This research paper aims to bring the business ethics into perspective through a theoretical approach of the terms ethics, morality and business in the desire to draw attention to the need for ethics in business and its impact on society and the business environment. It is often questioned why the association of these two terms is important as long as the purpose of business is the profit and not the correct behavioral or decisional conduct of an economic institution? Certainly the tension created between the two poles is not easy to reduce, what this paper seeks is to set the theoretical basis of the concept of business ethics and to have a theoretical approach both locally, with reference to Romania, but also an international approach, by trying to investigate the interest in terminology in various other economic and political areas.
The Role of Commercial Bank in Financing Small Scale Industries
The Role of Commercial Bank in Financing Small Scale Industries
(The Role of Commercial Bank in Financing Small Scale Industries)
- Author(s):Ruth Asantewaa Owusu
- Language:English
- Subject(s):National Economy, Economic policy, Developing nations, Public Finances
- Page Range:95-131
- No. of Pages:36
- Keywords:SMEs; Economic Development; Bank finance;
- Summary/Abstract:Bank finance has been found as an important source of funds for most firms in Ghana. The study assessed the impact of GCB SME LOAN on the activities of Small Scale Industries. The study used primary data which were designed and administered to SMEs customers of GCB and staff of GCB. A sample size of 170 made up of 20 staff of GCB bank and 150 owners of SME customers who deal with the bank and have benefited from the SME LOAN SUITE. The study concluded that with the use of GCB SME LOAN, there has been improvement in the profits of both the customers and bank. Also, the study identified four main challenges which were; increased in the amount of money, reduce interest rate, advertisement and extend the period of bridge loan that militate against the GCB SME LOAN of GCB bank. It was recommended that since GCB bank is contributing more to SMEs, they should give in their best to increase the amount of the loan and to extend the period of bridge loan to help boost their outreach.
