LGBT+ Studies in Turkey
LGBT+ Studies in Turkey
Contributor(s): Çağlar Özbek (Editor)
Subject(s): Politics / Political Sciences, Politics, Social Sciences, Language and Literature Studies, Gender Studies, Education, Law, Constitution, Jurisprudence, Media studies, Geography, Regional studies, Human Rights and Humanitarian Law, Studies of Literature, Communication studies, Sociology, Turkish Literature, Social differentiation, Penal Policy, EU-Legislation
Published by: Transnational Press London
Keywords: Turkey; LGBTQ; LGBTI; gender; NGO; civil society; education; media; representation; identity; human rights; women prisoners; Turkish literature; Sait Faik;
Summary/Abstract: This volume brings together a selection of discussions on LGBT that are presented from different points of view and from different disciplines. This compilation consisting of nine chapters, focuses on the perspectives on LGBT in Turkey, in a broad range from NGOs to cinema, social policies to theaters. All chapters discuss Turkey and the studies of LGBT in Turkey and presented in two parts. First part is about the theoretic and empirical studies which takes over Turkey experiences from a structural perspective. Still, in this first part, there are two chapters which explain the comparison of UK and EU experiences with Turkey. The second part has more of text analysis which indicates cultural studies.
- Print-ISBN-13: 978-1-912997-11-4
- Page Count: 142
- Publication Year: 2019
- Language: English
EXPLORING THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN THE AIMS AND THE CONTEXT OF LGBTI+ ORGANISING: THE CASE OF LGBTI+ ORGANISATIONS IN TURKEY AND THE UK
EXPLORING THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN THE AIMS AND THE CONTEXT OF LGBTI+ ORGANISING: THE CASE OF LGBTI+ ORGANISATIONS IN TURKEY AND THE UK
(EXPLORING THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN THE AIMS AND THE CONTEXT OF LGBTI+ ORGANISING: THE CASE OF LGBTI+ ORGANISATIONS IN TURKEY AND THE UK)
- Author(s):Erhan Aydin, Mustafa F. Özbilgin
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Gender Studies, Education, Geography, Regional studies, Human Rights and Humanitarian Law, Management and complex organizations
- Page Range:9-32
- No. of Pages:24
- Keywords:Turkey; UK; gender; LGBTI; organisations; rights; education; work;
- Summary/Abstract:Studies on Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, Intersex and other sexuality (LGBTI+) issues mostly adopt an individual level of analysis that covers discrimination, violence, voice and visibility (Rumens, 2016; McPhail et al., 2016; Yılmaz and Gocmen, 2016; Wright, 2015; Ozturk, 2011; Colgan et al., 2007). For this reason, mainstream research focuses on reporting individual experiences, through a critical and emancipatory paradigm. Yet the mainstream research surprisingly neglects the role of LGBTI+ organisations in protecting and fighting against the individual challenges that LGBTI+ individuals face in both organisations and society. In this chapter, we fill this void by exploring the often underplayed meso level of LGBTI+ issues, i.e. LGBTI+ organisations in their international, national and institutional settings. In particular, we examine the aims of the LGBTI+ organisations, in their particular context.
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A COMPARATIVE LOOK AT LGBT RIGHTS AND ACQUISITIONS: EUROPEAN UNION AND TURKEY
A COMPARATIVE LOOK AT LGBT RIGHTS AND ACQUISITIONS: EUROPEAN UNION AND TURKEY
(A COMPARATIVE LOOK AT LGBT RIGHTS AND ACQUISITIONS: EUROPEAN UNION AND TURKEY)
- Author(s):Gaye Gökalp Yılmaz
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Gender Studies, Geography, Regional studies, Human Rights and Humanitarian Law, EU-Legislation
- Page Range:33-45
- No. of Pages:13
- Keywords:EU; Turkey; LGBT; rights; comparative look;
- Summary/Abstract:Same sex relationships have been an issue of debate through years beginning from ancient Rome and Greece. Especially homosexuality has been visible part of historical struggle of LGBT movement. On the other hand, masculinity have always been an issue of power and therefore, decisions based on masculinity and hetero-normative codes have been neglecting and sometimes criminalizing same sex relationships in history of Europe. Religious authorities were also other actors in criminalizing homosexual relationships and religion have been a matter of issue while considering same sex acts. Within that framework, history of Europe, was not an era of liberation for homosexuals or lesbians until recent decades. However, it must be highlighted here that criminalizing and punishing LGBT people of the time were common in many historical empires of Europe. Moreover, France have decriminalized homosexuality during Napoleon era and Netherlands have favored more tolerating laws of French administration. However, Germany after its retarded unification, have been harshly punishing homosexual acts under Prussian empire (Kollman and Waites, 2009:2).
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TRANS WOMEN PRISONERS IN TURKEY
TRANS WOMEN PRISONERS IN TURKEY
(TRANS WOMEN PRISONERS IN TURKEY)
- Author(s):Selin Berghan
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Gender Studies, Geography, Regional studies, Human Rights and Humanitarian Law, Evaluation research, Penal Policy
- Page Range:47-60
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:Turkey; gender; trans women; prisoners; LGBTI;
- Summary/Abstract:Studies on trans prisoners are quite rare in spite of the steady increase in the number of studies and researches on LGBTI in recent years. Though there is some increase in the number of studies on LGBTI in general and trans prisoners in particular, these studies still remain quite limited both internationally and in Turkey. LGBTI individuals are often unprotected in the judicial system from discrimination and violence on the basis of their sexual identity and orientation. While some trans women and gay prisoners can conceal their identity, “excessive” visibility of trans women increases the risk of maltreatment and violence (ACLU&NCLR 2014; UNODC 2009). Further, those who are perceived as gay though not being so, may also face the same forms of violence.
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OTHERS IN MEDIA: LGBT INDIVIDUALS
OTHERS IN MEDIA: LGBT INDIVIDUALS
(OTHERS IN MEDIA: LGBT INDIVIDUALS)
- Author(s):Yasemin Giritli İnceoğlu
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Gender Studies, Media studies, Human Rights and Humanitarian Law, Communication studies, Social differentiation
- Page Range:61-64
- No. of Pages:4
- Keywords:LGBT; gender; others; media; Turkey;
- Summary/Abstract:In Turkish media, the representation of homosexuality is roughly categorized in three periods. “Homosexuals” were perceived as abnormal and “an imaginary creature” after the coup d'état on September 12, 1980. Homosexuals appeared on media as individuals relating to murders, immorality, anal sex, prostitution, transsexual in slang, AIDS, and a bad example for kids in society. After the formula which homosexuality equals to transvestite and trans-sexuality was dominated in the first period, the lack of self-confidence in the period of visibility on media raised doubts about media. “Half-masked” would not be wrong to say for this period. In the second period, Kaos GL (Kaos Gay and Lesbian Cultural Research and Solidarity Association) issued the first magazine on gays and lesbians in Turkey in 1994. In addition to this magazine, Express periodical magazine and Cumhuriyet daily of the year gave coverage to LGBT movement. Eventually, the third period may be defined as “unmasked.” On May 1, 2001, Kaos GL freely and confidently remonstrated with labors and students by holding a banner on which “we are homosexuals, we are real and here” was written. The current situation is as is known to all. Although media is generally seen as shifted from apprenticeship to mastership on making news about LGBT individuals, they sometimes report or broadcast extremely sensitively, but they occasionally get out of kilter by giving headlines such as “They seized after getting out gay bar”, “Transvestite Violence”, “Homosexual Murder”, “I killed because he asked me anal sex,” “Transvestites bargain for prostitution on streets.”
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SOCIAL MEDIA USE IN LGBTQI MOVEMENTS IN TURKEY
SOCIAL MEDIA USE IN LGBTQI MOVEMENTS IN TURKEY
(SOCIAL MEDIA USE IN LGBTQI MOVEMENTS IN TURKEY)
- Author(s):Sinan Aşçı
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Gender Studies, Media studies, Geography, Regional studies, Human Rights and Humanitarian Law, Civil Society, Communication studies, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:65-78
- No. of Pages:14
- Keywords:LGBTQI; Turkey; movements; gender; social media;
- Summary/Abstract:To deepen our understanding of the relationship between social media and political movements since 2013 when Gezi Park Protests sparked as a wave of demonstrations and civil unrest in Turkey, events must have been situated in a larger context of media use and recent history of online activism. Since that day, the most successful social movements in Turkey were those using social media to expand networks of disaffected people, broker relations between activists, and globalize the resources. By this way, social media afforded those people the means to shape repertoires of contention, frame the issues, propagate unifying symbols, and transform online activism into offline protests. Because of being apparently excluded in all the forms of mass media, dissenting voices tend to form alternative spheres creating a different public sphere, a type of public sphere which is increasing the possibilities for a public articulation of experience. As a way of “survey research,” social media accounts of LGBTQI NGOs in Twitter, as an online public sphere, were observed in a meta analysis way. Data collected from this first-hand observation was evaluated with the help of content analysis techniques. The survey sample was designated with these accounts’ names, number of posts, followers, and other/optional information stated in the accounts specifically belonging to the platform. Based on the data, this chapter aims to analyze what LGBTQI individuals generate for resistance, and how they have used social media in their movements since 2013, precisely based on the use of social media platform mentioned above during Pride Weeks in subjected years. The findings shed light on the social media use and habits of LGBTQI communities.
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QUEER CHARACTERS AND GENDER PERFORMANCES IN SAIT FAIK'S WORKS
QUEER CHARACTERS AND GENDER PERFORMANCES IN SAIT FAIK'S WORKS
(QUEER CHARACTERS AND GENDER PERFORMANCES IN SAIT FAIK'S WORKS)
- Author(s):Nazan Maksudyan
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Gender Studies, Studies of Literature, Recent History (1900 till today), Turkish Literature
- Page Range:81-95
- No. of Pages:15
- Keywords:Sait Faik Abasıyanık; queer characters; gender; Turkish literature;
- Summary/Abstract:As Talat Sait Halman notes, Sait Faik (1906 - 1954) was the master of the short story in Turkish literature. He wrote almost two hundred stories, two novellas, a number of essays, and nearly forty poems. He is mostly known for his realistic short stories, dwelling upon fishermen, workers, children, beggars, wanderers in some neighborhoods in the city of Istanbul. He is also exceptional in giving voice to the non-Muslim communities in the city in the 1930s and 1940s. His literary genius rested on the fact that he “portrayed the predicaments, maladjustments, and disillusionments of the man in the street, frequently himself, living on the fringes of the society.”
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AN ANALYSIS OF THE CINEMATIC REPRESENTATION OF LGBT: LOLA AND BILLY THE KID
AN ANALYSIS OF THE CINEMATIC REPRESENTATION OF LGBT: LOLA AND BILLY THE KID
(AN ANALYSIS OF THE CINEMATIC REPRESENTATION OF LGBT: LOLA AND BILLY THE KID)
- Author(s):Ayçin Alp, Çağlar Özbek
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Gender Studies, Sociology, Film / Cinema / Cinematography
- Page Range:97-113
- No. of Pages:17
- Keywords:Lola and Billy the Kid; cinematography; LGBT; gender;
- Summary/Abstract:In societies, the concept of "biological sex" has been used to describe male and female genders. In this case, which points to a dual system, LGBT (lesbian-gay-bisexual-transgender) individuals are considered as disadvantaged groups and are pushed out of norm, based on heteronormative norms. In the heteronormative society model, LGBT individuals are characterized by many prejudicial expressions such as "perverted", "pervert", "diseased". In this structure, LGBT individuals, labeled as "the other", can face life and rights violations, along with their isolation from the public space.
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KAOS GL MAGAZINE'S ROLE IN THE EMERGENCE OF THE LGBTI PUBLIC SPHERE IN TURKEY
KAOS GL MAGAZINE'S ROLE IN THE EMERGENCE OF THE LGBTI PUBLIC SPHERE IN TURKEY
(KAOS GL MAGAZINE'S ROLE IN THE EMERGENCE OF THE LGBTI PUBLIC SPHERE IN TURKEY)
- Author(s):İdil Engindeniz
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Gender Studies, Media studies, Geography, Regional studies, Communication studies, Sociology
- Page Range:115-130
- No. of Pages:16
- Keywords:Kaos GL; media; magazine; Turkey; LGBTI; public sphere;
- Summary/Abstract:Jürgen Habermas’ work entitled “The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere. An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society” has brought the concept of “public sphere” to an important place in social science debates, since its publication in German in 1962, but especially in 1989 when it was translated into English. Since then Habermas has been criticized by feminist readings and counter-public sphere approaches, and Habermas himself has made several changes in his approach over time. In France in 2010, Professor on sciences of information and communication, Bernard Miège’s “L’espace public contemporain. Approche infocommunicationnelle” (Contemporary public sphere, informationalcommunicative approach) also introduced a new approach and proceeded through the concept of “societal public sphere”. The challenge is to show how the concept of public sphere, which is used in the field of political science, can also be useful in terms of communication sciences, as well as allowing us to evaluate different public spheres which can include not only rational discussion, but also personal narratives.
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TRANSPHOBIA IN EBRU NİHAN CELKAN’S KİMSENİN ÖLMEDİĞİ BİR GÜNÜN ERTESİYDİ (AFTER THE DAY NOBODY DIED)
TRANSPHOBIA IN EBRU NİHAN CELKAN’S KİMSENİN ÖLMEDİĞİ BİR GÜNÜN ERTESİYDİ (AFTER THE DAY NOBODY DIED)
(TRANSPHOBIA IN EBRU NİHAN CELKAN’S KİMSENİN ÖLMEDİĞİ BİR GÜNÜN ERTESİYDİ (AFTER THE DAY NOBODY DIED))
- Author(s):Evrim Ersöz Koç
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Theatre, Dance, Performing Arts, Gender Studies, Turkish Literature
- Page Range:131-142
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:gender; LGBTQ; transphobia; Turkish literature; drama;
- Summary/Abstract:Since the last decade in both private theater companies and state theater in Turkey, there has been a rise in the number of transgender characters or themes that invite the audience into the hardships the transgender individuals face. Along with the adaptation of “in-yer-face” movement in alternative theater and pride parades that hope for a better integration of LGBTQ into everyday life, transgender characters that previously emerged on the Turkish stages as “stereotypes” has developed into more complex characters that enable a better grasp of their psychological and social traumas in patriarchal heteronormative societies (Baş, 2016; Celkan, 2014; Mitrani, 2014). Celkan comments on this change of transgender individuals on the Turkish stage stating that “their journey from the streets to the stages also encapsulates a journey from “type” to “character” (Celkan, 2014).
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