Koreańskie światy kobiet – między dziedzictwem konfucjanizmu a wyzwaniami współczesności
Korean Feminine Worlds – Between the Heritage of Confucianism and the Challenges of Modernity
Contributor(s): Romuald Huszcza (Editor), Justyna Najbar-Miller (Editor), Anna Wojakowska-Kurowska (Editor)
Subject(s): History, Language and Literature Studies, Cultural history, Studies of Literature, Other Language Literature, Philology
Published by: Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Keywords: Korean literature; woman; Confucianism; challenges of modernity
Summary/Abstract: A collection of studies devoted to the presence of Korean women in the social life of different epochs, in history, culture and literature, the beginnings of the feminist movement in many areas of literary and artistic work, as well as the representations of famous Korean women, the heroines of mass imagination. The first volume in the new series Coreana Varsoviensia.
Series: Coreana Varsoviensia
- E-ISBN-13: 978-83-235-3900-1
- Print-ISBN-13: 978-83-235-3892-9
- Page Count: 266
- Publication Year: 2019
- Language: Polish
Traktat Naehun jako kanon nauk moralnych dla kobiet i jego znaczenie w XV-wiecznej Korei
Traktat Naehun jako kanon nauk moralnych dla kobiet i jego znaczenie w XV-wiecznej Korei
(The Role of Naehun as a Moral Primer for Educating Women in XVth Century Korea)
- Author(s):Kamila Kozioł
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Studies of Literature, Other Language Literature, Philology
- Page Range:13-45
- No. of Pages:33
- Keywords:Naehun; Queen Sohye; women’s education; Sohak; literary education; yŏllyŏ; Chosŏn
- Summary/Abstract:The subject of the analysis is a fift eenth-century staple of Korean literature, Naehun (Instruction for the Inner Quarters). The book is a record of moral and life teachings for women from the court elite, and was created by Queen Sohye, based on various Chinese sources and biographies. In it, the original teachings and parables written in classical Chinese (hanmun) were accompanied by the translation into Korean. The vernacular version added to the text proves that it had an important educational role for people from various social strata, beyond the circle of aristocracy. Falling in line with the Confucian tradition, ethics teachings are integrated with lessons on ceremonial rites, and morals are taught through recalling patterns of behavior from the legendary and mythical Chinese traditions, with the dominant role of the lives of famous women. The educational aspect of the text covers many areas of domestic life, including admonitions on managing a household, family life and children’s education. Naehun has a prominent place in the cultural heritage of Chosŏn Korea, and is valued as a conscious representation of the world of women, their needs and expectations, canons of feminine knowledge and morality.
- Price: 4.50 €
„Pamiętnik spisany w smutku” – kategoria han w autobiograficznej narracji damy Hong Hye-gyŏng
„Pamiętnik spisany w smutku” – kategoria han w autobiograficznej narracji damy Hong Hye-gyŏng
(Hanjungnok – han in lady Hong Hye-gyŏng’s literary narration)
- Author(s):Anna Piwowarska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Studies of Literature, Other Language Literature, Philology
- Page Range:47-72
- No. of Pages:26
- Keywords:Hanjungnok; han; confucianism; Joseon; Hong Hye-gyeong
- Summary/Abstract:The following article focuses on Hanjungnok, the memoir of lady Hong Hyegyŏng. A tool used for its interpretation is a psychological literary category of han. The memoir, created in the late 18th and early 19th century, is worth the attention given to it, especially due to its status as an exemplary Korean classic writing, as well as in connection with feminist issues. The author of the book was a witness, as well as a participant of the dramatic happenings that befell the court, which ended in the sentencing to death of her mentally ill husband and heir to the throne. In her memoir she describes not only her own experiences regarding the pivotal moments of the court tragedies, but also the events proceeding and following them. The narration of lady Hong Hye-gyŏng is the documentation of suffering and all of the ever-changing emotions connected to the category of han. It describes the search for reconciliation with one’s fate, explanation of contradictory arguments and opposing values, all in hope of achieving order and inner harmony, which proved to be difficult. Confucian injunctions forbade women – even ladies of the court, the possibility of freedom of expression. Especially in the face of the sovereign, who at the same time held the role of the ultimate judge. That is why, looking at Hanjungnok nowadays, one could treat it as a description of the breakdowns, frustrations and helplessness of a voiceless witness of the events unfurling. All of which makes the text of Hanjungnok not only a literary representation of a court tragedy, but first and foremost an in depth panorama of the inner experiences of the female author.
- Price: 4.50 €
Kim Myŏng-sun jako prekursorka koreańskiej prozy feministycznej
Kim Myŏng-sun jako prekursorka koreańskiej prozy feministycznej
(Kim Myŏng-sun as a Forerunner of Korean Feminist Fiction)
- Author(s):Anna Diniejko-Wąs
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Studies of Literature, Other Language Literature, Philology
- Page Range:73-108
- No. of Pages:36
- Keywords:patriarchy; First-wave Feminism; Korea under Japanese rule; new woman; gender
- Summary/Abstract:Throughout traditional Korean literature that developed over centuries, feminine motifs were manifested, and female authors created various poetical and prose works, but it was only in the twentieth century that women’s fiction could take the form of an ideological and artistic feminist trend. The feminine voice in Korean literature was influenced by Western ideas, and the young writer Kim Myŏng-sun, who published her works from the 1920s marked by the temperament of a moral and emotional emancipationist, became a forerunner of Korean feminism. The article explores her pioneering attempts to speak about the conditions, social barriers and perspectives of women’s liberation in the dramatic reality of the conquered country. Her works often become an artistic confrontation of her own biography filled with difficult experiences on the path of gaining personal freedom, education and the unhampered shaping of emotional relationships, which, with all the artistic constraints of the pioneer, strengthens the honesty and authenticity of her own vision of the fate of women. A special theme in her works has become the ideal of the “new woman” introduced by the literature and the women’s press published in Japan under the influence of Western culture. Kim Myŏng-sun appeared in the Japanese academic and literary environment, where she gained education and watched a society on the path of a more advanced industrial modernization. Regardless of the fact that the works of Kim Myŏng-sun gradually fell into oblivion after her death, her literary output and her role as the first feminist writer in modern Korean literature deserve to be better known.
- Price: 4.50 €
Feministyczne światy w walce płci – niewola kuchni i wyzwolenie zdobyczy we współczesnej prozie koreańskiej
Feministyczne światy w walce płci – niewola kuchni i wyzwolenie zdobyczy we współczesnej prozie koreańskiej
(Feminist worlds in the battle of the sexes – the captivity of the kitchen and the liberation of prey in contemporary Korean prose)
- Author(s):Justyna Najbar-Miller
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Studies of Literature, Other Language Literature, Philology
- Page Range:109-139
- No. of Pages:31
- Keywords:Korean contemporary prose; female literature; food; cooking; predator-prey interaction; gender roles; Han Kang; Jo Kyung-ran; Oh Soo-yeon
- Summary/Abstract:On the threshold of the 21st century, within the feminizing trends of contemporary Korean literature, we can distinguish the motifs of eating and cooking which reflect the relations between men and women and applied in the form of artistic provocation aim to overcome the stereotype of a female as an object of consumption. The article discusses three distinctive works representing this trend of Korean female prose: The Kitchen written by Oh Soo-yeon in 2001, The Tongue by Jo Kyung-ran from 2007 and The Vegetarian by Han Kang from the same year. Two of the texts discussed here have already been published in Polish. The Tongue was translated by Ewa Rynarzewska, while The Vegetarian was put into Polish by the author of the article in cooperation with Choi Jeong In. For the sake of reference, the author of the article has also translated some fragments of Oh Soo-yeon’s novel making them available to Polish readers. The visions of all three Korean writers presented here are filled with threads of violent struggles of heroines and heroes trying to fight gender stereotypes. The literary analysis contained in this article helps to observe how far all the discussed scenes and themes of these novels, which are radically denying all kinds of dependence on sacred tradition, are able to open up a new chapter in Korean contemporary literature: the literature of protest and rebellion based on the deconstruction of the existing reality.
- Price: 4.50 €
Kobieta – obywatelka, obrończyni kraju: metamorfozy wizerunku historiograficznego w dobie zimnowojennej mobilizacji w Korei Południowej (1961–1979)
Kobieta – obywatelka, obrończyni kraju: metamorfozy wizerunku historiograficznego w dobie zimnowojennej mobilizacji w Korei Południowej (1961–1979)
(Woman as the Citizen and the Country Defender: Shifts in the Historiographic Images of Femininity during the Cold War Mobilization Era in the Republic of Korea (1961–1979))
- Author(s):Agnieszka Smiatacz
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Studies of Literature, Other Language Literature, Philology
- Page Range:141-164
- No. of Pages:24
- Keywords:image of femininity; citizen’s identity; emancipation of women; ideological mobilization; industrialization in Korea
- Summary/Abstract:In the history of Korea, the 20th century did not just witness the increase in the possibilities of social and professional advancement for women, but it also saw the opening of a public space where women could voice their opinions and partake in social debate on national progress and state development. Under such circumstances the Korean image of femininity evolved rapidly and went beyond the traditional sphere of motherhood and married life to embrace new women roles, be it a defender of the country amidst the storms of war, a worker engaged in Korea’s economic development, or an educator rationalizing and explaining state reforms to people in their closest environment. Those new roles Korean women had to embrace were entangled in diverse contradictions and potentially conflict-inducing, as it openly compromised on Confucian conservative values for the sake of capitalist modernization and the pursuit of economic miracle. The newly discovered function of femininity was eagerly employed in propaganda campaigns, and social activities of women were strictly supervised and moderated for the ultimate purposes of the state. Paradoxically, for Korean women the side effect of this control was the eventual delay of their own emancipation, particularly because of the Confucian tradition-derived puritanism promoted simultaneously by the state. This paper scrutinizes the nature of diverse social campaigns mobilizing Korean women to support the country, as well as the shift s in perceptions of feminine roles by the state and society, induced by makeshift images created for practical application by the propaganda machine.
- Price: 4.50 €
Językowy obraz kobiety we współczesnej leksyce i frazeologii koreańskiej
Językowy obraz kobiety we współczesnej leksyce i frazeologii koreańskiej
(Linguistic representation of women in modern Korean vocabulary and phraseology)
- Author(s):Jeong In Choi
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Studies of Literature, Other Language Literature, Philology
- Page Range:165-179
- No. of Pages:15
- Keywords:woman; man; feminine; masculine; gender; symetria językowa; linguistic symmetry; korean lexis; korean phraseology
- Summary/Abstract:The linguistic representation of women has been embedded in the Korean language in opposition to the representation of men and as such can become an object of research on the lexicon and phraseological expressions reflecting the social status and perception of Korean women. Analyzed within this article, a set of nouns referring to women shows some lexical symmetry between sexes. This symmetry is manifested by the occurrence of noun pairs like a man: a woman and female/woman like: male/manlike. The second pair of this scheme can be observed in very special contexts and meanings. Moreover, in the Korean language there is a high frequency of Sino-Korean vocabulary and morphological prefixes which denote womanhood and thus women’s professions. The usage of such prefixes has described situations where women started to pursue careers that used to be considered solely male and is not limited to Korean vocabulary only. The gradual emancipation of women has been mirrored in the language and thus shows the vocational emancipation of women – these days a permanent social phenomenon. The different linguistic examples of the inequality of sexes and some special privileges of men seem to show an existent though retreating tradition while the language symmetry shows the equality of sexes as a result of social changes.
- Price: 4.50 €
Oblicza prezydentury Park Geun hye – meandry polityki południowokoreańskiej
Oblicza prezydentury Park Geun hye – meandry polityki południowokoreańskiej
(Faces of Park Geun hye’s presidency – intricacies of the South Korean politics)
- Author(s):Grażyna Strnad
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Studies of Literature, Other Language Literature, Philology
- Page Range:181-199
- No. of Pages:19
- Keywords:South Korea; Park Geun-hye; Politics; Political Parties
- Summary/Abstract:In December of 2012. Park Geun-hye won the presidential election and became the first South Korean woman to ascend to the highest office in the country. Park stated “We can all become partners in the creation of a second miracle on the Han River” and usher in “a new era of hope. ” Park was the overwhelming favorite among potential candidates of the Saenuri Party. However, her candidacy was accompanied by controversy. Park Geun-hye is the oldest daughter of former South Korean President Park Chung Hee, who ruled South Korea in the years 1961–1979. There was widespread sympathy for Park among South Koreans as she had lost her parents at a young age; her mother in 1974 and her father in 1979. In November of 1979, while mourning of the death of her father, Park Geun-hye withdrew from both public and political life for many years. She returned to politics and was repeatedly elected in parliamentary elections (1988, 2000, 2004, 2008, 2012). In 2004–2006, she was Chairperson of the Grand National Party. In 2012, she was the presidential candidate of Saenuri Party and was elected president in December 2012. In 2016, a political scandal engulfed the Park Geun-hye administration and culminated in a National Assembly vote for her impeachment on December 9, 2016. In March 2017, the South Korean Constitutional Court upheld the decision on the impeachment of President Park Geun-hye, who became the fi rst president of the Republic of Korea to be removed from office. Then the court issued an arrest warrant for the former president, who lost the confidence of many South Korean citizens because of her violation of the law.
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Zarys statusu prawnego kobiet w południowokoreańskim i polskim ustawodawstwie rodzinnym
Zarys statusu prawnego kobiet w południowokoreańskim i polskim ustawodawstwie rodzinnym
(Outline of the legal status of women in South Korean and Polish family)
- Author(s):Emilia Wojtasik-Dziekan
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Studies of Literature, Other Language Literature, Philology
- Page Range:201-222
- No. of Pages:22
- Keywords:women’s rights; Polish Family and Guardianship Code; Korean Civil Code; Polish Constitution; Korean Constitution; comparative analysis
- Summary/Abstract:Although legislative regulations of the status of women in the family legislation of both countries are derived from different cultural traditions, the directions of solutions and decisions assumed in them demonstrate several similar trends. The legislation of both countries guarantees equal laws for women and men in all of the important spheres of social life. Specific measures for the protection against discrimination were predicted. It’s guaranteed by the constitutions of both countries as well as detailed regulations provided by the Polish Family and Guardianship Code and the Korean Family Code, which are discussed in the comparative prospect here. Legal solutions concerning such issues as marriage and parenthood are being analyzed along with detailed decisions concerning various social aspects and cultural conditions. Also dissimilarities between both legal systems were indicated. Both currents of legislation compared in this article provide the compilation of legal norms referring to the situation of women. It doesn’t exclude the possibility of their further corrections and adaptation in social life.
- Price: 4.50 €
Tożsamość zrewidowana – feminizm prozy Pak Wan-sŏ
Tożsamość zrewidowana – feminizm prozy Pak Wan-sŏ
(Identity revised – feminism in Pak Wan-sŏ’s prose)
- Author(s):Ewa Rynarzewska
- Language:Polish
- Subject(s):Cultural history, Studies of Literature, Other Language Literature, Philology
- Page Range:223-265
- No. of Pages:43
- Keywords:Pak Wan-sŏ; Korean literature; Contemporary Korean prose; Feminism; Image of woman; Confucianism; Patriarchy
- Summary/Abstract:Pak Wan-sŏ’s work constitutes a certain phenomenon in modern Korean literature. Her abundant and very original literary output, which is mostly dedicated to the experiences of Korean women, became an inspiration for female writers of younger generations and started a new and unusual approach to shaping the image of women. Literary portraits made by Pak Wan-sŏ were enriched with an incredible acuteness of observation and deep understanding, empathy and even contained some humorous elements. Pak Wan-sŏ did not shy away from presenting the drastic, both ethically and morally, entanglements of female characters, which in a postwar Korea, was controversial and ordered not to be mentioned. Presenting these entanglements exposed Pak Wan-sŏ to ostracism from the critics and aversion by the readers. Earlier than any other writer, she noticed and understood that the literary portraits of women, which were copied on the pages of many classical and modern works, were nothing more than a cultural product – a fictional image, which only partially presented the real image of Korean women. In her work Pak Wan-sŏ pursued to smash this artificial, in her opinion, cultural construct and create a female character that could encompass the complexity of the female psyche. At the same time, she presented an antithesis of Confucian stereotypes. Moreover, in her literary output Pak Wan-sŏ traced and revealed some of the negative aspects of patriarchal culture and the ways of discriminating women. The main objective of this article is to present Pak Wan-sŏ’s prose from the standpoint of revisionism that defi ned her identity and made her an icon of feminism in Korean modern literature.
- Price: 4.50 €
