Ljudska prava – pojam i međunarodnopravna zaštita
Human rights and international protection of human rights

Author(s): Nebojša Vučinić
Subject(s): International Law, Human Rights and Humanitarian Law, Political Theory, Politics and law, Politics and society
Published by: Centar za građansko obrazovanje (CGO)
Keywords: democracy; human rights; international law; protection;
Summary/Abstract: Defining human rights is very complex issue. Basic agreement regarding the minimum of generally accepted, universal standards and mechanisms for their implementation are the first step towards establishment of necessary level of operative system of protection of human rights, as on national level, thus on international plan. Human rights are basic political and socio-economic requirements of citizens in relation to state authorities and society in general and their fulfillment is a precondition for biological, political and cultural existence of an individual and a life worthy of man, his human nature and dignity. They are a result of specific character of man, as the most perfect, reasonable planetary being, his nature and general nature of the relations between people. Basic material source of natural rights of the individual is inborn individuality of human autonomy and inborn human dignity resulting from it. Respect of human rights is very important condition for normal and regular functioning of every state system and society, a factor from which general development and progress greatly depends. Until the end of the Second World War human rights have been in exclusive competence of the state. In the end, these conceptions have resulted in extermination of whole nations in the Second World. Undoubtedly, this has additionally motivated the authors of OUN and Charter to internationalize these issues. Unfortunately, we still cannot speak about efficient and comprehensive system of international protection because of limited and insufficiently precise competences of international community in this regard. Contemporary international law of human rights is based on existence of huge number of various international bodies and institutions, whose goal is the protection of individual- as from domestic thus from any foreign state. Although all of those procedures and international legal remedies are still insufficient and inefficient, existing corpus of human rights proscribed by regulations of the international law and increasing number of bodies in charge for control of their implementation have managed to institutionalize the issue of human rights above all expectations. In that way, political and cultural climate was created wherein protection of human rights has become a priority issue on a global political scale.

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