Factors and consequences of occupational segregation
Factors and consequences of occupational segregation

Author(s): Versavel Tecleab Haile
Subject(s): Gender Studies, Labor relations, Socio-Economic Research
Published by: Masarykova univerzita nakladatelství
Keywords: Occupational segregation; Gender stereotype; Pay gap; Workforce; Gender gap;
Summary/Abstract: Globally, gender differences in occupational distribution still exist between men and women. Many occupations are sex-segregated, that is, generally considered as either masculine or feminine. This article reviews the gender gap in occupation, factors that lead to an occupational segregation-the tendency of men and women to work in different occupations and its consequences Accordingly, Social norms, discrimination, educational attainment, difference in endowments and difference in occupational preference between male and female contribute to occupational segregation and consequently leads to pay gap between genders, job dissatisfaction, turnover and stereotype. Globally, women face discrimination and devaluation at work. Compared to men, women are concentrated in less paid and part-time jobs with less promotion opportunities. Gender pay gap is the most significant effect of occupational segregation. Gender sorting into different occupations and industries widen the pay gap that has a drastic effect on the overall economy of a country. Gender stereotypes can prevent women from being hired and promoted into traditionally male-dominated occupations. Raising women employment to man level and closing the gender gap in occupation can have a higher impact on GDP and poverty reduction.

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