Dimensiuni ale sărăciei şi excluziunii sociale în România
Social exclusion and poverty dimensions in Romania

Author(s): Ion Ghizdeanu
Subject(s): Politics / Political Sciences
Published by: Editura Lumen, Asociatia Lumen
Keywords: poverty rate; social exclusion; Gini coefficient; unemployment; social transfers; regional disparities;
Summary/Abstract: Both in Europe and in Romania, poverty had an evolution in the last years which seems to separate the risk of reaching the state of poverty from economic and financial crisis and European Union policies of macroeconomic stability. It’s obvious that the social exclusion, lack of a job and insufficient income of pensioners are the main factors which include the risk of poverty, but Community and national macroeconomic policies become increasingly important in prefiguring the trends of evolution.Theoretically, the risk of poverty for a person is considered to be dependent upon the physical, mental, educational and occupational characteristics, which aggravates the access of that person to the welfare levels offered by the local economy. The persons become vulnerable as compared to the national average levels. The internal and international gaps, usually, don’t represent a dimension of the poverty. But the economic structures represent – in my opinion – the main factor determining vulnerability and implicitly a certain level of life conditions.A synthetic indicator of income inequality and redistribution, which is very suggestive, is the Gini coefficient. It illustrates what percentage of the total household’s income should be redistributed to ensure a perfectly equal distribution among all members of society.The paper presents the poverty and social exclusion evolution in Romania, highlighting the relative poverty rate and the social exclusion and poverty rate as compared to other EU Member States, the main dimensions of the poverty and aspects related to regional disparirites in Romania.

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