Country Case Study: Estonia and Hungary
Country Case Study: Estonia and Hungary

Author(s): Lukáš Lehotský
Subject(s): Energy and Environmental Studies, Economic policy, Environmental and Energy policy, Government/Political systems, International relations/trade, Financial Markets
Published by: Masarykova univerzita nakladatelství
Keywords: Estonia; Hungary; Russia; Natural gas imports; Energy sector; primary energy supply;
Summary/Abstract: Estonia, a former member of the Soviet Union, is highly dependent on Russian natural gas imports. Thus, energy grids of the country are more intertwined with Russia, compared to other European countries. However, Estonia is largely independent in terms of primary energy supply, as majority of energy comes from domestically-available oil shale. Natural gas and other sources therefore represent only about 15% of the primary energy supply (IEA, 2013, p. 20).

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