タとテイルの形容詞的用法の習得に関する横断 的研究―トルコ人日本語学習者を対象として―
A Cross-sectional Study of the Acquisition of Adjectival –ta and –teiru by Turkish Japanese Learners

Author(s): Esra Kira
Subject(s): Language studies, Education, Foreign languages learning, Translation Studies
Published by: Transnational Press London
Keywords: Adjectival -ta/-teiru; -Ik; -mIş; acquisition; Turkish learners of Japanese;
Summary/Abstract: There exists a case in Japanese that an adjectival form, in which a verb attaches in predicate position, can be replaced with a different adjectival form in prenominal position. For instance, an adjectival verb with –teiru in predicate position appears with –ta in prenominal position in principle. This type of –ta and –teiru adjectival reading is called “adjectival –ta/–teiru.” Form alternation by structural position does not exist in Turkish. In Turkish, the counterpart – Ik has only an adjectival function as –teiru, while –mIş has both adjectival and verbal functions as –ta. This can cause learners to make –Ik correspond to – teiru and –mIş to –ta. The similarities and differences as stated above often make acquisition of adjectival forms difficult. Moreover, the fact that only the adjectival –teiru is demonstrated in “Minna no Nihongo”, but not adjectival – ta and its alternation, poses a problem for the first step of language acquisition. In this study, the use of adjectival forms and factors that affect acquisition were investigated through a questionnaire study. As a result, it was found that effect of form alternation and demonstrating only –teiru at beginner level cause errors in case of lower intermediate (1st&2nd year) students, while the effect of form alternation decreases. Nevertheless, teaching only –teiru affects acquisition adversely even for advanced (3rd&4th year) students. According to a result of a translation test, students in all levels translated –teiru to –Ik and – ta to –mIş, which concludes that the similarity noted can cause errors.

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