Zaburzenia płynności mowy – stan badań i praktyki logopedycznej na początku XXI wieku
Fluency disorders: the state of research and speech-language therapy practice at the beginning of the 21st century

Author(s): Tomasz Woźniak
Subject(s): Education
Published by: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Keywords: speech and language therapy; fluency disorders; stuttering;cluttering;
Summary/Abstract: The article is an attempt to synthesize and organize the most up-to-date data on speech fluency disorders: stuttering and cluttering. The analyzed data come from both scientific research based on the latest diagnostic techniques (eg fMRI, PET, audiological research) as well as the reflection accumulated around the speech-language therapy practice. The factors predisposing, triggering and maintaining distinguished speech disorders, as well as methods of determining the goals of therapy of people with these disorders and ways of its management were taken into account. Conclusions resulting from the meta-analysis of the collected data prove significant changes in the theoretical and practical perspective of stuttering and cluttering. In the case of stuttering, the fundamental change occurred in the understanding of the causes of this disorder: nowadays, it is widely accepted that the cause of stuttering is in the brain. The article discusses neuromorphological and neurofunctional conclusions resulting from many recent studies. The therapy of stutterers is now aimed at adapting to the client’s expectations. The therapy was discussed in the division of age groups. In the case of the cluttering, the neuroanatomic deficits at its base are also discussed, mainly deficits in the frontal areas of the left hemisphere leading to motor planning and behavior control. In cluttering, there are mainly deficits in grammatical coding of sentences: syntactic and phonological and monitoring utterances, which should be taken into account in the therapy.

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