ZAPOMNIANE UCZELNIE RZECZYPOSPOLITEJ: KROŻE – ATENY ŻMUDZKIE, KRZEMIENIEC – ATENY WOŁYŃSKIE, PODOLINIEC – SPISKI OKSFORD
Forgotten Higher Schools of the Commonwealth: Kražiai – the Athens of Samogitia, Kremenets – the Athens of Volhynia, Podolínec – the Oxford of Spiš

Author(s): Jan Skłodowski
Subject(s): History
Published by: Instytut Badań nad Dziedzictwem Kulturowym Europy
Summary/Abstract: Universities in Kražiai (Samogitia), Kremenets (Volhynia), and Podolínec(Spiš) were located in the borderland inhabited by different nationalities (Polish,Lithuanian, Ruthenian, German, and Jewish) in the multinational andmulticultural Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. That situation implicatedthe inclusion of certain ideas in the civilization message. The most importantof them implicated the need to develop the civic attitude which we would nowgenerally call European. It was based on Christian values but it was not associatedwith a specific nation, because in those times, the nation made up of thecitizens of the Commonwealth was political, not ethnic. This sense implicatesanother, culture-forming (or even educational) one. It was a pioneering format,in many aspects still valid now, when Poland, Lithuania and Slovakia aremembers of the European Union, and Ukraine aspires to be one.

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