გენდერული თანასწორობის შეფასება საქართველოს პოლიტიკურ პარტიებში
Gender Equality Assessment among Political Parties of Georgia

Author(s): Bakur Kvashilava, Kathia Gogilashvili, Zviad Barkaia
Subject(s): Gender Studies, Civil Society, Governance
Published by: EECMD - Eastern European Centre for Multiparty Democracy
Summary/Abstract: The political party system of Georgia keeps the characteristics of the predominant party type system following the system used by G. Sartori where “a predominant-party system is such to the extent, and as long as, its major party is consistently supported by a winning majority (the absolute majority of seats) of the voters.” That is for most of the existence of independent Georgia since 1995 a winning party consistently amassed more than 50% of the parliamentary seats. Other measures, such as Laakso and Taagepera’s Effective Number of Parties (ENP) index also show that since 2008 the number of relevant political parties in Georgia had been consistently under two. ENP measures the relative power of political parties according to the seats obtained in the highest legislature or votes received in the most recent national elections. These indicators clearly demonstrate that political power tends to be highly concentrated in Georgia and meaningful political pluralism is very limited. Georgian political system is also characterized by high turnover of political actors. Pedersen’s index of Political Instability consistently shows that any turnover in the government is accompanied by dramatic changes in the composition of the main legislative body, where newly created political organizations often receive overwhelming majority of seats and frequently, former incumbents altogether disappear from political arena. The party system of Georgia is very biased towards a winning party, usually the incumbent, the number of relevant political parties is very low and the system displays a high degree of volatility.

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