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Chosen Aspects of the Problem of Time in William Shakespeare’s The Winter’s Tale: the Original and the Polish Translations Compared

Czas w Zimowej opowieści Williama Szekspira w oryginale i polskich przekładach: wybrane aspekty

Author(s): Olga Mastela / Language(s): English,Polish / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Winter tale;William Shakespeare;Polish translations;European literature;Shakespear

The article discusses, first of all, the dramaturgical function of the monologue delivered by Time, the Chorus, in act 4, scene 1 of The Winter’s Tale and, secondly, the role which the passage of time and the changing of seasons play in this tragicomic romance.

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If Ophelia Did Not Lose Her Senses…

Gdyby Ofelia przy zdrowych zmysłach pozostała…

Author(s): Monika Sosnowska / Language(s): English,Polish / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: William Shakespeare;Shakespeare;European literature;icon of literature;Ophelia

The article focuses on literary representations of women’s sight and hearing in William Shakespeare’s Hamlet on the example of Ophelia

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The Role of Commonwealth Members in the Building of Trans Pacific Partnership

Rola państw członkowskich Commonwealth w budowie Partnerstwa Transpacyficznego

Author(s): Stefan Grabowski / Language(s): English,Polish / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Commonwealth;Trans Pacific Partnership

The Trans Pacific Partnership (TPP) can play a major role in a constantly changing world of economic interdependencies because of the potential and capabilities of the member countries. The size and high growth rates of several economies from Pacific Asia, North and South America enhance integration efforts undertaken at both the political and economic levels. This article describes the role of Commonwealth members in the building of Trans Pacific Partnership. From the very beginning of the integration, Commonwealth member states were in the majority and had a decisive influence on the actions taken. The desire to increase cooperation in the field of economic relations, and the liberalization of world trade were also the basis for creation of Commonwealth, as it was stated in The Singapore Declaration of Commonwealth Principles, which defined the goals of the organization. The role of Canada and Australia was particularly analyzed because of their size and potential.

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Australia’s Policy at the Threshold of the 21st Century

Wybrane aspekty polityki zagranicznej Australii u progu XXI wieku

Author(s): Rafał Kamiński / Language(s): English,Polish / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Australia’s Policy;21st Century;ASEAN;USA

The Australia’s foreign policy traditionally focused mainly on the relations with the US has changed in recent years. The evolution of the balance of power in the global politics, felt most in the East Asian region, has led to the appreciation in the eyes of the Australian elite of partners from the immediate neighborhood. PRC, currently the most important economic partner of Canberra, but also traditionally the biggest threat to the regional balance of power, aspires to play a key role in the South Pacific. Through the establishment of free trade agreements with countries of the ASEAN and with this organization separately, Australia is trying to provide a counter-balance for Beijing’s privileged position as a major trading partner. Another step in this direction will be elimination of taxes and tariffs in trade with South Korea and Japan. My essay examines the shift in Asian Australian foreign policy in recent years and illuminates the contents of documents, defining the economic and military strategy of the Australian government in new geopolitical circumstances.

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Cybersecurity in Strategic Documents of Great Britain 2009-2011

Bezpieczeństwo cybernetyczne w strategicznych dokumentach Wielkiej Brytanii 2009–2011

Author(s): Andrzej Kozłowski / Language(s): English,Polish / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: cybersecurity;strategic documents;Great Britain

This essay tries to answer the question about the role and place of cybersecurity in the most crucial strategic documents of Great Britain in the period between 2009 and 2011. Cyberspace plays an important role for the states and their societies and because of this fact setting an efficient strategy in this domain is inevitably crucial. This article presents acomprehensive analysis of national security strategies as well as the cyberstrategies. The most important priorities, the methods and tools of achieving them and the role of the crucial bodies responsible for Great Britain cybersecurity are described. The analysis of the national security strategies allows to highlight the role of the cybersecurity in these documents.

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British Defense Policy Dilemmas after United Kingdom General Election of 2010

Dylematy polityki obronnej Wielkiej Brytanii po wyborach parlamentarnych 2010

Author(s): Grzegorz Gogowski / Language(s): English,Polish / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: British Defense Policy;United Kingdom;British General Election of 2010

The article discusses major weapons investments carried out at present and planned in the future by the United Kingdom. Individual investments are analyzed in terms of their potential relevance for the British armed forces, the costs of completion and the factors that influence the decision to choose a particular variant of the weapon. In the last part of the paper, the British dilemmas with nuclear forces are characterized.

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Scotland’s Political Choice: Yes or No to Independence?

Szkocja na rozdrożu politycznym

Author(s): Alexander Parmee / Language(s): English,Polish / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Scotland;political choice;Independence

In his work the author presents the relations between Scotland and England. He tries to explain how Alex Salmond’s party NSP (National Scottish Party) gained majority in Scottish Parliament

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Political Marketing Techniques used by the British Conservative Party in the 2010 Election Campaign

Techniki marketingu politycznego wykorzystane przez brytyjską Partię Konserwatywną w kampanii wyborczej w 2010 roku

Author(s): Marta Kaczmarek,Paulina Piskorz / Language(s): English,Polish / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: political marketing techniques;British Conservative Party;2010 Election Campaign in Britain

The purpose of this essay is a thorough analysis of marketing factors that have con-tributed to the success of the Conservative Party in 2010 general election

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Different Faces of Elizabeth II – What is the Queen Really Like

Różne oblicza Elżbiety II – jaka jest naprawdę?

Author(s): Anna Ryniecka,Marcelina Bajer / Language(s): English,Polish / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: different faces;Elizabeth II;Queen

This article aims to show these different faces of the British Queen in relation to the different kinds of people such as her family, subjects and also politicians – both British and from the Commonwealth, or Great Britain’s closest allies

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Style registers in the novel „Mont– Oriol” by Mopassan

Стиловите регистри в романа „Монт-Ориол“ от Ги дьо Мопасан

Author(s): Maria Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: style registers; communicative situation; Maupassant; „Mont-Oriol”

The task of this article is to examine the style registers in the novel „Mont– Oriol” by Mopassan in order to reveal their role in the overall construction of the work. The subject of the study is the types of style registers, the way of their structuring and their role in the communication situation. On the basis of concrete analyses, it is concluded that style registers outline the character and the relationship between the novel characters. The style registers build a more authentic picture of the described realities; they also have a certain aesthetic and social focus

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The Human and the Machine in the Field of Translation

Човекът и машината в областта на превода

Author(s): Elitsa Kirilova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: translation; machine translation; neural translation; statistical translation; artificial intelligence

The effects of internet and digital technology on translation are sustained, global and intense. People use online translation services and different translation apps on a daily basis. The aim of this paper is to give a brief theoretical overview of the creation, development, types and main features of the machine translation systems as well as to examine the impacts of technological progress on everyone involved in the field of translation.

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About the „naked“ alternative to the undiscovered gold (Columbus, the Portuguese Discoverers and the Naked Indian from the Early Informative Texts about the New World)

За „голата“ алтернатива на ненамереното злато (Колумб, португалските откриватели и голият индианец от ранните информативни текстове за Новия свят)

Author(s): Vera Kirkova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Columbus; Portuguese Empire; 16th century; Brazil; Brazilian Indians; nakedness; Christianization

This paper (part of a larger task) reveals the language reflection, construction and establishment of the image of the Brazilian Indians from the 16th century, tracked in the Portuguese informative texts written about the newly-found Brazil. It covers the peculiarities when mentioning the Indian nakedness, and in turn, it is often used as manipulation purposes according to the defined Imperial policy on colonization. On the grounds of similar interpretation of nakedness, extreme images have been made up about the native Brazil population – varying from angelic innocence to demonization - yet always in advantage of the ruling European culture of expansion in the 16th century.

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4.50 €

The lexis in the Ahtar's Tsarstvenik from 1844 (Nomina actionis et resultativa and nomina essendi)

Лексиката в Ахтаровия царственик от 1844 година (имена на действия и резултати от действия и имена на качества, свойства)

Author(s): Mariana Kerandzhieva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Bulgarian standard language; nineteenth century; deverbal and deadjectival nouns; lexical semantics; word-formation

The object of research of this article are the deverbal nouns expressing actions and results of actions and the names of qualities in the Ahtar's Tsarstvenik written in 1844. The aim of the work is to make a lexical and word-formation analysis of these names. The dialectal and traditional Slavic nouns are classifed by word-forming models. The borrowings with abstract meaning are presented according to their origin. Conclusions are made on the ratio between dialectal and literary (traditional) lexis in the manuscript.

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4.50 €

Effectiveness of the persuasion methods in presidential candidates rhetoric

Ефективност на методите за убеждаване в кандидатпрезидентската реторика

Author(s): Mariyana Kuzmanska / Language(s): Bulgarian / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: effective methods; ineffective methods; presidential-candidates; rhetoric; speech

This text explains and emphasize on the methods which the presidential-candidates in Bulgaria use to convince their audience in what they say in their speeches. In the following text it is shown which methods are effective and should be used while speaking in front of the audience and which methods are ineffective and better be avoided by the speakers. How these methods reflect the listeners, why it is important to use them when necessary and how to classify them by their importance for both speakers and audience is the main purpose of this paper.

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Human and political shame in Bernhard Schlink’s “The reader”

Човешкият и политическият срам в „Четецът“ на Бернхард Шлинк

Author(s): Simona-Aleks Mihaleva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Bernhard Schlink; “The reader”; shame; guilt; Holocaust

The difference between human embarrassment that everyone of us experience on a daily basis and the political shame that most of us don’t understand becomes the frame of the Bernhard Schlink’s “The Reader” novel. Which shame is stronger, which one is more human? Shame as the engine of Hanna Schmidt’s life; shame as a consequence of inaction; shame as a motive for crime and shame as a driving force of the narrative. The shame in this book creates and destroys characters, guides destiny and changes the lives of two people forever.

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Thematic lexical groups in the Bansko Speech

Тематични групи лексика в банския говор

Author(s): Aleksandra Klechorova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Bansko; Bansko speech; Dialect; Dialectology ; thematic groups of words; lexis; groups of words; agriculture; cattle breeding; way of living

The study presents some topic- related vocabulary based on a research of its traditional lexis. Here we will present this type of words only in the field of traditional way of life, traditional farming and traditional livestock farming. The report presents a vocabulary that has grown up with the traditional livelihood of the Bansko people. The "complex relations in which the lexical units which has been influenced on the basis of their nominative function, on the one hand, and the content of their semantic volume on the other" are analyzed (see Stoilov 2013: 9). The vocabulary that is presented on the one hand is collected personally by the author, on the other - it taken from previously published research (see Velyanova 1997)

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Phytonyms in the literary practice of the Slavonic-Serbian language (in comparison with modern literary norms in Serbian and Bulgarian)

Фитоними в книжовната практика на славяносръбския език (в съпоставка със съвременните книжовни норми в сръбски и български)

Author(s): Gabriela Stoynev / Language(s): Bulgarian / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: Phytonims; slavonic-serbian; Serbian literary language; Bulgarian literary language

In this report, as a research material, will be used one less known and poorly researched literary monument: Рѣчникъ малы: въ вяɴиѣ, при Г. Стефаɴѣ Новаковичъ, къ Слвеɴɴо-Се́рбской, Валахiйской и Восто́чɴыхъ ˫азы́ковъ Привилег. Тупографiй. 1793. The focus will be on a certain of phytonims. The lexical proximity between three language forms will be traced: 1. „slavonic-serbian“, 2. Serbian contemporary literary norm, 3. contemporary Bulgarian literary norm

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4.50 €

Post-modern image of town in the novel of the Portuguese writer Joao de Melo

Постмодерен прочит на града в романа „Обърканият човек“ на португалския писател Жоао де Мело

Author(s): Desislava Timcheva / Language(s): Bulgarian / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: city; narrative; Portuguese literature; Joao de Melo; prose; post-modernism

This paper aims to introduce you to the world of Joao de Melo, famous Portuguese writer, unknown for the Bulgarian public. His prose is filled with profound images of the cities that he knows well and loved. In the current romance, we will follow the meaning and the transformation that occurs in the description of the city of Lisbon. We will look deeper into the history of Portuguese post-modern tradition and what is the meaning of the city images in Portuguese narratives from the end of the XXth century. You will see how the complex description of the city landscape in de Melo’s romance corresponds to the fictional character and what changes it suffers through the course of the narrative.

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4.50 €

Error Analysis and Specifics of Interlanguage as a Tool for Teaching and Learning English as a Foreign Languagе

Error Analysis and Specifics of Interlanguage as a Tool for Teaching and Learning English as a Foreign Languagе

Author(s): Kaouni Pinelopi / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: error analysis; interlanguage; error treatment

English language has reinforced its role as the most prominent worldwide language, a ''linqua franca'' and has a significant influence in international media, business and politics. Therefore, English teachers ought to encourage their students to be more interested in English language and offer dynamic activities being focused on the most frequent errors that are learners commit in the target language. For that reason, linguists who have dealt with the term language extensively try to find out the causes of the problems and the approaches that have to be applied in language teaching so these problematic areas to be minimized. They propose error analysis and Interlanguage theory as these studies grant knowledge on the difficulties that learners of English tend to struggle with. This paper focuses on the relation between Interlanguage and Error Analysis by presenting the advantages and disadvantages of both theories aiming at improving the teaching and learning English as a foreign language

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“Legends at Tsarevets” written on the pages of magazine “Bulgarska sbirka” (“Bulgarian gathering”, 1906)

„Легенди при Царевец“ по страниците на списание „Българска сбирка“ (1906)

Author(s): Teodora Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Publication Year: 0

Keywords: “Legends of Tsarevets”; realism; magazine; cultural development; “Bulgarian gathering”

The article presents an analysis of the ten issues published during 1906 (volume XIII) of magazine “Bulgarska sbirka” and also Ivan Vazov’s essential contributions to its advancement. The “patriarch of Bulgarian literature” has laid the foundations of Bulgarian realism and thus has prefigured the development of Bulgarian literature (XIX – XX century). Every issue of magazine “Bulgarska sbirka” (edited by Stefan Bobchev) begin with the “Legends at Tsarevets” in this way creating a mindset for understanding the magazine.

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