![Narratives and Emotions: Revealing and Concealing Laughter](/api/image/getissuecoverimage?id=picture_2008_6503.jpg)
Narratives and Emotions: Revealing and Concealing Laughter
Narratives and Emotions: Revealing and Concealing Laughter
Keywords: emotions; experience; humour; interviews; laughter; meaning-making; oral narratives
More...Keywords: emotions; experience; humour; interviews; laughter; meaning-making; oral narratives
More...Keywords: emotions; annoyance; anger; aggression; Internet
Human beings need negative emotions to survive as a species and to face conflict situations. However, the ubiquitous presence of such emotions on the internet exceeds greatly any survival needs. Therefore, the author attempts to find the factors that contribute to such a huge verbal aggression online, mainly (but not exclusively) on message boards. The author gives examples of expected and obvious aggression (e.g. in the comments on celebrities and politicians) as well as some surprising and unexpected ones. The discussed factors vary in nature: some of them result from the very essence of the internet as a new specific medium, while others come from the concepts and theories of psychology and sociology of emotions (e.g. the power-status theory of emotions by Theodore D. Kemper).
More...Keywords: emotions; gender; story; study; expressions
Emotions play a fundamental role in the emotional life of an individual because they are closely related to the needs, motivations and may be the origin of mental or psychosomatic disorders. Some studies tend to confirm Darwin's hypothesis that the facial expressions of emotions are used as if it were innate. It is considered that there is a typical repertoire for humans using facial expressions through micro-and macro movements. The purpose of this study was to identify to what extent such influences often use words that express emotions. Hypothesis from which we started was that gender and education level influence the use of words that express emotions. Participants had to listen to a story, which I propose to continue. Were then analyzed in the proposed sequels subjects, words expressing emotions.
More...Keywords: emotions; psychology of emotions; affect
The presented editorial is an introduction to the special issue on emotions. It describes the concept of emotions, presents a brief history of research on emotions, and major research directions undertaken by psychologists. Briefly described are articles included into the issue and their relevance for the current status of research on emotions have been noted.
More...Keywords: emotions; entrepreneurship education; learning environment; collaborative teamwork; challenging tasks; dynamic pattern; thematic analysis
The study investigates student experiences of entrepreneurship education and focuses on gaining a better understanding of the main sources of emotions as well as the role and dynamics of emotions in learning. Data was collected in three entrepreneurship education settings in Estonia, Finland and Namibia using in-depth interviews (N = 79) and was analysed using qualitative thematic analysis. As a result, three themes highlighting the main sources of emotions were identified: 1) new kind of learning environment, 2) collaborative learning, and 3) challenging tasks. The learning environment sub-categories were: 1a) uncertainty and confusion, 1b) theory versus practice and 1c) support from outside. The collaborative learning sub-categories consist of: 2a) teamwork, 2b) time pressure and 2c) individual differences. Challenging tasks had the sub-categories: 3a) overcoming knowledge and skills gaps, 3b) interacting with the outside world and 3c) leadership and managing people. In addition,
More...Keywords: emotions
The author examines the utility of cognitive theories of emotions for scientific reflexion dedicated to teachers' emotion. Emotions are a phenomenon relatively rarely described and often treated as irrational or uncontrollable. Cognitive approches enhance the mental contents of the emotional experience, viewing it as a conscious and fully informative act. Such a vision allows to understand teachers' emotions better, to analyse their deep contents and to perceive them as valuable sources of knowledge.
More...Keywords: emotions; emotion regulation; emotional traits; psychotherapy; therapeutic techniques
The aim of the article is to discuss the assumptions regarding the principles of working with emotions in psychotherapy in the light of contemporary knowledge about emotions. In the first part, we present the basic concepts and assumptions about emotions developed in the field of psychology, which suggest that emotional problems may result not only from insufficient regulation of emotions but also from incorrectly formed emotional traits. The second part of the article presents a review of studies indicating the limitations of the scope of application of traditional techniques, whose aim is to influence the course of emotions so that they are more conscious and more easily expressed or inhibited. In the third part, the assumptions on changing emotional traits during the therapeutic process are discussed and the possible mechanisms that can be used to build interventions aimed at modifying emotional traits are pointed out.
More...Keywords: emotions; emotion regulation; emotional traits; psychotherapy; therapeutic techniques
The aim of the article is to discuss the assumptions regarding the principles of working with emotions in psychotherapy in the light of contemporary knowledge about emotions. In the first part, we present the basic concepts and assumptions about emotions developed in the field of psychology, which suggest that emotional problems may result not only from insufficient regulation of emotions but also from incorrectly formed emotional traits. The second part of the article presents a review of studies indicating the limitations of the scope of application of traditional techniques, whose aim is to influence the course of emotions so that they are more conscious and more easily expressed or inhibited. In the third part, the assumptions on changing emotional traits during the therapeutic process are discussed and the possible mechanisms that can be used to build interventions aimed at modifying emotional traits are pointed out.
More...Keywords: emotions; translation; translator; empathy; sympathy
A translator, recreating the original, creatively stimulates her/his intellect, knowledge, senses and emotions. At the same time, s/he remains in agreement with the emotions presented in the original by assuming with respect to it the only ethically possible attitude, namely empathy. The presence of her/his own emotions in translation, such as sympathy or antipathy, is ethically unacceptable. Emotions occupy an important place in translation because of the difficulty regarding their linguistic transfer, interpretation of their function in the original, intercultural communication differences, and because of the attitude of the translator towards the original. Problems related to emotions concern the art of translation and the need for emotional detachment of the translator, who at the same time needs to maintain an empathic attitude towards the original. Emotions should be considered both on the internal level of the text (the original and the translation) and on the external one – the translator’s perspective.
More...Keywords: emotions; translation; translator; empathy; sympathy
A translator, recreating the original, creatively stimulates her/his intellect, knowledge, senses andemotions. At the same time, s/he remains in agreement with the emotions presented in the originalby assuming with respect to it the only ethically possible attitude, namely empathy. The presenceof her/his own emotions in translation, such as sympathy or antipathy, is ethically unacceptable. Emotions occupy an important place in translation because of the difficulty regarding theirlinguistic transfer, interpretation of their function in the original, intercultural communicationdifferences, and because of the attitude of the translator towards the original. Problems related toemotions concern the art of translation and the need for emotional detachment of the translator,who at the same time needs to maintain an empathic attitude towards the original. Emotions should be considered both on the internal level of the text (the original and the translation) and on theexternal one – the translator’s perspective.
More...Keywords: emotions; culture; expression of emotions; recognition of emotions; experiencing emotions;
The paper describes the cultural influence onto the intensity, behavioral expression and management of emotions. The authors enumerate cultural differences in experiencing, recognizing and expressing emotions. They give an overview of a larger number of research papers that mostly state that pleasant emotions are more desirable and appropriate in Western cultures, whereas in Eastern cultures there is an emphasized suppression of pleasant and unpleasant emotions. Furthermore, the authors give some guidelines for future research since this kind of research has practical importance for the quality of life of a person.
More...Keywords: emotions; interpretative phenomenological analysis; music;
Phylogenesis and ontogenesis confirm the importance music has in man’s life. It is considered to accompany man during the entire life, from birth until death. Every age has its own music and rhythms… According to age psychology, it is well known that adolescence and post-adolescence close the first cycle of human development. Out of the two, the adolescence period has always raised the researchers’ interest, being carefully investigated. The interest granted to this period even led to the development of a distinct new field, namely that of the teenage psychology, which gave birth to a study subject for the teachers to be, at the Master’s Degree program level, in Romania, called the Psycho-pedagogy of teenagers, youths and adults. This article shall not insist on the theoretical components concerning the teenage years, also detailed in the specialized literature, but it is an attempt at scanning the teenage soul, through music, based on the analysis of the papers produced by 1st year Master’s Degree Program students, attending the National Music University in Bucharest, and handed in for the study subject of the Psycho-pedagogy of teenagers, young people and adults.
More...Keywords: emotions; density; amplification; descriptivе statistics; Item Response Theory; Rasch modeling.
This article exhibits in details an exploration of two aspects of a new synthetic model of simple emotion as a part of experimental enquiry in the field of emotionality. Elaborate results of analysis with two types of participants’ experimental reactions coding are presented here – nominal binary and interval scale. Some experimental concepts from Silvan Tomkins’ affect theory such as “family”, “density” or “amplification” of emotions is implemented. A simulated formula is introduced based on Tompkins’ empirical research and its influence and correction bias on data and variables. Statistical results from analysis of means, standard deviation, level of items difficulty response models show that there are significant differences and some inferences are derived to confirm two hypotheses about how to distribute independent variables and which variable could be accepted both as a member of a dimension or category of an emotion. Three levels of emotional “density” are confirmed and which categories are predictable for each of the ten “families” of emotions. The model could be applied in different directions of further analysis. It contributes to the psychology of emotions creating a synthetic dictionary of emotions. It is also demonstrated how to build a common ground between two scientific traditions of dimensional and categorical approaches to emotions. Model is allocated at https://testrain.info.
More...Keywords: emotions; music; psychology; intellect; cognition
In this scientific paper, we propose an approach necessary for the understanding of the process of musical creation and interpretation, from the perspective of psychology. We believe that music acts directly, consciously or not, on the brain, thoughts and affections, and especially on the spirit of a melomaniac. Achieving vocal, instrumental, conducting performances or performances in the field of musical creation is similar to accessing and amplifying thinking as well as psychic mechanisms such as motivation, affectivity, communication, attention, will to stimulate behaviour and regulate it. In the present study, we undertake a demonstration of the cognitive and emotional involvement in the musical act, by correlating the voluntary effort essential to building a musical attitude, either interpretative or compositional, which involves the presence of a conscious act with the continuous presence of emotions.
More...Keywords: emotions; sociology of emotions; shame; ritual; social interaction;Erving Goffman;
This paper analyzes the sociology of emotions of Erving Goffman, i.e. his theoretical contributions to the sociological study of human emotions. In this regard, emotions are defined as a phenomenon that has an important role, and even a central place in Goffman's theoretical endeavor. In order to prove this, we present his detailed analysis of shame and embarrassment, together with the importance he attached to these emotions considering social organization. Furthermore, Goffman's ideas and conclusions that belong to the sociology of emotions are found in his sociological theories of social rituals and social interactions. For these reasons, emotions are presented as a key element for any appropriate consideration of Goffman's sociological heritage and his contributions to sociological theory. Also, Goffman's sociology is (re)conceptualized as a part of a Durkheimian theoretical tradition, and Durkheim's theory is seen as the key inspiration for Goffman's interest in human emotions. Finally, Goffman's sociology of emotions is also analyzed as a collection of brave and provocative ideas, assumptions and conclusions that are not related solely to this relatively narrow, specific or "esoteric" sociological discipline. Namely, his sociology of emotions is presented as an attempt to integrate (macro)structural and (micro)situational approaches in sociology, which is why it has a wider methodological and (meta)theoretical significance.
More...Keywords: emotions; civility; Poland; post-peasant narratives
Typical conversations about political matters are charged with emotion. Political matters are understood here as a thematic field involving talks about central authorities and parliament, as well as comments on news provided by the media. Talks about this topic often occur during neighborly meetings and family or social gatherings. I conducted ethnographic interviews to analyze how rural inhabitants talk about such political matters. During the interviews, especially polyphonic ones, I observed the accom-panying emotions, such as raised voices, faces bloodshot with irritation, lively gestures, the use of irony, and sometimes vulgar language and swearing. Anger, resentment, anxiety, fear, contempt, hostility, and even hatred were unmistakable signals of emotional involvement in political matters and engagement in debate about the common good and public affairs. Thus, the question arises: are such conversations a form of civility?
More...Keywords: emotions; emergence; embodiment; predictive coding; Bayesian inference;
In the framework of predictive coding, as explained by Giovanni Pezzulo in his article Why do you fear the bogeyman? An embodied predictive coding model of perceptual inference (2014), humans construct instances of emotions by a double arrow of explanation of stimuli. Top-down cognitive models explain in a predictive fashion the emotional value of stimuli. At the same time, feelings and emotions depend on the perception of internal changes in the body. When confronted with uncertain auditory and visual information, a multimodal internal state assigns more weight to interoceptive information (rather than auditory and visual information) like visceral and autonomic states as hunger or thirst (motivational conditions). In short, an emotional mood can constrain the construction of a particular instance of emotion. This observation suggests that the dynamics of generative processes of Bayesian inference contain a mechanism of bidirectional link between perceptual and cognitive inference and feelings and emotions. In other words, “subjective feeling states and emotions influence perceptual and cognitive inference, which in turn produce new subjective feeling states and emotions” as a self-fulfilling prophecy (Pezzulo 2014, 908). This article focuses on the short introductory scene from Steven Spielberg’s Jaws (1975), claiming that the construction / emergence of the fear and sadness emotions are created out of the circular causal coupling instantiated between cinematic bottom-up mood cues and top-down cognitive explanations.
More...Keywords: emotions; feedback; creativity; accuracy; resilience; translation process;
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of emotions and some personality traits on translation performance. It builds on Rojo and Ramos’s (2016) findings and is broadly based on their methodology, but introduces some methodological changes. It replicates their experiment with translation students in another language pair (English L2>Macedonian L1) following their three step procedure: resiliency test, translation-bogus feedback-translation, self-reporting questionnaire. Following their recommendations (ibid.), the change in methodology involves using comparatively easier translation tasks. The paper aims to provide answers as to: the effect of positive and negative emotions on overall translation performance; the effect of positive and negative emotions on different aspects of translation performance (accuracy vs. creativity) and the role of the personality trait of resilience in regulating negative emotions.
More...Keywords: emotions; transnational families; virtual communication; visits; Gorani;
While most studies of transnational processes have been focused on remittances, discussing socio-economic developments or on the transnational citizenship and the political mobilization across the borders, this article aims to explore the role of emotions in the migration experience and more specifically – their place in the negotiation of transnational family-kin life. The author proceeds from the assumption that emotional dynamics are an important part of transnational kin relationships analysis. According to this approach, the focus of the study is put not only on those who leave, but also on those who remain in the villages of origin. Feelings of loss, sadness, longing, pain, guilt, but also expressions of happiness, excitement, gratitude, love, hopefulness etc., are experienced at both ends of the migration chains. Emotional encounters are connected to family expectations and moral obligations, mutual responsibilities and caregiving within dispersed families. These issues are addressed on the base of ethnographic data personally collected by the author among representatives of Gorani from the region of Góra in Kosovo – a community renowned in the Balkans for the decades-long intensive labour mobility which often has involved two or even three generations within a family-kin group. The presented data show that transnational family-kin members may find ways to juggle with time and space, to connect with one another and thus, achieve (virtual and physical) togetherness and to keep up their emotional relationships; viable and active. The tools and strategies used by people are various and include memories, imaginations, gifts and remittances, long-distance communication and mutual visits.
More...Keywords: emotions; body; speech; feudal hierarchy; legend of Tristan and Isolde; Béroul;
In this paper we aimed at drawing up the wide range of the main emotions (joy, sadness, anger, and fear) that emerge in the version of the legend of Tristan and Isolde that Béroul proposes. More precisely, we will try to analyse how lovers and the king manifest their emotions at the body level and in speech. At the same time, we will question the semantics in which each character invests these emotions.
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