![The (Re-)Emergence of Constitutionalism in East Central Europe](/api/image/getbookcoverimage?id=document_cover-page-image_424955.jpg)
This study examines journalism which was written by Paul Goma during his tumultuous life of a writer and anticommunist opponent. Collected in three large volumes, it reveals a large number of texts that have been partially or never published in Romanian, but enjoying broadcast at Western radio stations. Articles from press, collected in the two volumes, are arranged in chronological order and what we surely find out is that the author has become a declared opponent of the communist regime even while it was still in force. He wrote about communist camps while in Romania and continued to expose the Ceausescu regime in exile in Paris after the final departure. Even after the 1989 revolution the publicist does not diminish his accusations against those who maintained the evils of communism, covering them with speeches about democracy. The writer’s focus is language which, beyond the social message, has obvious literary features.
More...Keywords: St. Antim; manufactured of books; Liturgical Books; Romanianization Service
St. Antim the Iberian has made the most important step in the awareness of the value of the Romanian language for the growth of the spirit of a Romanian people. Alien of our nation and slave to the capital of the last great empire, he sees the sun of his entire freedom through a providential intervention by St. Constantine Brancoveanu on his life. His efforts to learn the Romanian language, followed by the printing of two books of service, represent the light of freedom in Hritos that he had, but he still did not shine.
More...Since Moldova’s independence, Washington’s diplomacy in Chisinau has followed the same principles applicable to other former USSR members, including rhetorical and material support for the consolidation of democracy, free trade, and territorial integrity. The depth of the relationship has hinged, however, on a complicated interplay between domestic factors, especially in Chisinau, and the relative activism of the three big powers - Washington, Brussels, and Moscow – in the region. In the 1990s, Washington was Moldova’s major connection to the Western world. In the 2000s, the Eastward wave of expansion forced Brussels to develop a clearer foreign policy toward the post-Soviet space. As ties have deepened along that axis, the United States has gradually hitched its foreign policy to the European Union’s efforts in Moldova; Washington and Brussels speak today with a coherent voice in a push to deepen Moldova’s European integration project. U.S.-Moldovan ties are therefore no longer cast in the somewhat vague language of Westernization, but are framed in terms of their relevance for Moldova’s ultimate goal of joining the European Union as a democratic state with a solid market economy and an ability to control its internationally recognized borders. To some extent, this has helped Chisinau because it is now assisted by two major Western powers in what domestic elites have defined as a foreign policy priority.
More...Keywords: Serbian–Russian Relations; World War I; Nikola Pašić; Tsar Nicholas II; Aleksandar Karađorđević; Miroslav Spalajković;
The author studies a number of problems concerning the Serbian-Russian relations during World War I, which have caused various interpretations of historians. The existing defects, shortcomings and tendentiousness are revealed in the studies of some researchers. Comparing the common lines of reasoning of some historians and the sources themselves, the author comes to the conclusion that some widespread statements are based on doubtful arguments and sometimes have the character of legends.
More...Keywords: legal culture; jurisprudence; source of law; legal theory; normative system;
This paper synthetically addresses certain issues regarding the interaction between jurisprudence, seen as a sub-system integrated within the system of the sources of law and legal culture, seen a sub-system integrated into the normative social system. In legal theory, jurisprudence is categorized as a source of law. In some systems of law, it is considered a principal source of law, while in others we find it as a secondary source of law. Its role as a source of law becomes more and more important in the actual context of European Law, which embodies both characteristics of continental law and common-law. Through jurisprudence, certain aspects of the law that are lacunary or ambiguous are clarified, although jurisprudence represents itself an instrument of expression and dissemination of legal culture. Legal culture represents an essential concept of law in its own right, pertaining to legal theory, although it has not completely defined neither in Romanian specialized literature, nor in foreign literature. The purpose of this study is to answer to the following question: are there any relevant relations or interactions between legal culture and jurisprudence? If the answer to the aforementioned question is an affirmative one, the second question to which this study will try to answer is: what are the characteristics of the relations and interactions between the legal culture and jurisprudence? The analysis of the interactions between jurisprudence and legal culture could represent a starting point for studying the ways in which legal culture is expressed and disseminated in the Romanian system of law.
More...Keywords: poetry; Voiculescu; context theory; Eugenio Coşeriu; pragmatics;
Starting from the context theory, we identified and revealed the speaking frames of two of V. Voiculescu’s poems. Our linguistic and po(i)etic journey tried to reveal the thresholds of those frames theorized by Eugenio Coşeriu, thresholds which are not closing but opening the poet’s spiritual horizon. We made this journey through the “common” Romanian words, decayed, seemingly, to the status of chat tools. Briefly, we tried to reaffirm the world’s Logos-centred spirit reflected from the work of a traditional poet, combining, transdisciplinary, Coşeriu’s tools being useful in the development of one of the newest branches of linguistics, pragmatics.
More...Keywords: Second World War; General Ioan Dumitrache; 2nd Mountain Division; Crimea Division; Grozny; Chechnya;
The activity and the memoirs of General Ion Dumitrache are undoubtedly important,if not capital, for knowing our history and especially the history of the Second World War.It is notorious that Mountain Troops represented the only elite troops of the Romanian Infantryduring the entire Eastern Campaign. In today’s jargon a kind of “green berets”. The best knownof them was the 2nd Mountain Division.The courage of the fighters under the command of General Dumitrache made the2nd Mountain Division to acquire on the front a well-deserved renown, in sync with thedetermination demonstrated by the troops of that great unit: “Divizia de Cremene”. HistorianAlesandru Duţu noted in his most recent volume that “General Dumitrache led large unitsof the Romanian Army that reached the easternmost point in the Second World War.The Romanian troops under his command fought in the Caucasus Mountains, the 2nd RomanianMountain Division reaching close to Grozny, the capital of Chechnya!”
More...Keywords: Romanian-Russian relations; 1918-2018;
More...Keywords: Romania; Romanian geographers; Paris Peace Conference (1919-1920);
More...Keywords: administrative issues;trust in political leaders;voting intentions;
The survey was conducted between April 5-8, 2019 on a sample of 369 adults living in the city. He measured how the population perceives the involvement of the mayor’s office in various administrative issues, trust in local political leaders, voting intentions in local elections, the perception of local party organizations.
More...Keywords: Romanian political class; 1875-1788; Cahul; Ismail; Bolgrade; Romanian-Russian relations;
Intenţia noastră în cadrul acestui studiu este aceea de a analiza modul în care s‑a raportat clasa politică românească în perioada 1875‑1878 la ceea ce ar putea fi numit „problema sudului Basarabiei”, adică a judeţelor Cahul, Ismail şi Bolgrad revenite în trupul Moldovei prin Congresul de la Paris din 1856 şi pierdute de către statul român în urma reuniunii internaționale de la Berlin (1878).
More...Keywords: Nicolae Iorga; the Rape of Bessarabia; 1812-1912;
Împlinirea unui secol de la răpirea Basarabiei de către Rusia ţaristă a prilejuit organizarea unor manifestaţii zgomotoase în Chişinău. La 3 mai 1912 a avut loc o adunare a zemstvei guberniale a Basarabiei sub preşedinţia directorului administrativ gubernial A. N. Iugan. Cu această ocazie, s-a discutat problema găsirii celor mai potrivite căi şi metode prin care să se convingă populaţia să vină la serbările ce se vor organiza pe 16 mai 1912. Autorităţile guberniale au decis ca în ziua jubileului să fie o adevărată sărbătoare. În acest scop, a fost aprobată suma de 20.000 de ruble pentru împodobirea şi iluminarea Palatului Gubernial din Chişinău şi alte 7000 de ruble repartizate celor şapte preşedinţi de judeţ. În total, pentru amintitele festivităţi s-au cheltuit 734.000 de ruble sau 1.800.000 de lei.
More...Keywords: Csangos; Vlachs; Serbia; Central and Eastern Europe;
All the peoples of Central and Eastern Europe have their cross-border communities. The Vlachs constitute a specific ethnic group: they can be considered the most abandoned Romanian community across the country's border, which is in great need of help. In Serbia, where most of them live, during the approximately 200 years of Serbian-Yugoslav-Serbian statehood, they were exposed to a strong policy of assimilation. Their situation did not improve either in the last decade of the 20th century, they have no institutions (school, church). Only 4 of the 23 members of the existing Vlach National Council represent the pro-Romanian option, the rest are pro-Serbian. The Vlachs have had no real representation of their community interests for the last hundred years. There is one party, the Democratic Party of Rumanians in Serbia (in Serbian Vlašca Demokratska Stranka), of which leaders of Vlach NGOs claim does not represent them. Traian Băsescu, the president of Romania, promised during his visit to Timoc Vally, in 2011 that they would financially support the establishment of kindergartens and weekend schools in Romanian. A year passed and they still haven't received any help.
More...Keywords: spirituality; theology; hesychasm; education; deification; holiness;
He who delves into the writings of St. Gregory Palamas and strives to understand the meaning of his theology, cannot fail to remain, at one point, amazed by the beauty of such inspired and enlightened thinking, contemplating the richness of Godʼs work through the people who are opening themselves to him with all their being. Meeting Saint Gregory Palamas through his writings and knowing his life will always raise the question: how did a man manage to reach such an experience of spiritual life? How did he enlarge his heart to accommodate so much light of divine grace? What were the important moments in his life that brought him so close to God, but, above all, who were the people who shaped the personality of the great Thessalonian hierarch throughout his life?
More...Keywords: prayer; Romanian Christianity; Simeon Mehedinți; people; Orthodoxy; Romanian village;
How the prayer and the work of the Church was seen at the beginning of the XX century by the great researcher and teacher Simeon Mehedinți, the one that said “the value of one people, and also of every human in part, can be measured by how much one understood from the Gospels and how much he can follow Christ” and which were the experiences that led him to this conclusion? Which were the role and the place of the Church among the public institutions from Simeon Mehedinți point of view, who considered Christianity “the safest background for both individual and national progress”? Which are the differences between Catholics, other nations of Cristian-orthodox and Romanian Orthodoxy, “the one that do not know the narrow sight of pharisees” and whose beliefs are “appropriate for a healthy man, who enjoys the gifts of life (which is far from both the intolerance and decadence of other peoples)”? This study presents Simeon Mehedinți vision upon prayer and identifies, compares and makes an analyses of Romanian Christian orthodoxy traits, considering other Christian peoples and other religions.
More...Keywords: online exhibitions; advantages of online exhibitions; opportunities of online exhibitions; collection promotion; reading promotion;
In the article the most important advantages and opportunities of online exhibitions are reflected, their impact is identified in the process of capitalizing on the info-documentary resources of the USARB Scientific Library, the opinions of SL USARB users about the effectiveness of online exhibitions are presented.
More...Keywords: reviews; Europe; Central Europe; geopolitics; Romania; culture; borders; literature; minorities;
Reviews of: 1. Rudiger Wischenbart, Frica lui Canetti, București, Ed. Univers, 1997, în românește de Ana Stanca Tăbărași. 2. Livius Ciocârlie, Cap și pajură, București, Editura Albatros, 1997. 3. Proza feminină austriacă, Iași, Institutul European, 1998. 4. Esterhăzy Peter, Verbele auxiliare ale inimii. Introducere în beletristică, lași, Institutul European, 1997, traducere și note de Anamaria Pop, postfață de Mircea Nedelciu. 5. Bernard Malamud, Butoiașul vrăjit, în românește de Anton Celaru, București, Editura Hasefer, 1998. 6. Witold Gombrowicz, Jurnal, selecție, traducere și note de Olga Zaicik, prefață de Kazimierz Jurczak, București, Editura Univers, 1998. 7. Ladislav Mnacko, Gustul puterii, traducere, prefață și tabel cronologic de Helliana Ianculescu, București, Editura Minerva, 1997. 8. Slavco Almăjan, Metagalaxia minoritară, Novi Sad, Editura Libertatea, Iugoslavia, 1996; Iași, Editura I.N.S.C.R., 1998. 9. Fulvio Tomizza, Materada, traducere de Doina Condrea Derer, Timișoara, Editura Augusta, 1998. 10. Peter Handke, Scurtă scrisoare pentru o lungă despărțire, traducere și postafață de Mariana Lăzărescu, București, Editura Univers, 1998. 11. Methodologische und literarhistorische Studieri zur deutschen Literatur Ostmittel - und Sildosteuropas. Internationales Symposion, Innsbruck 18-19.10.1991 Sudostdeutsches Kulturwerk, Miinchen, 1994. 12. Guy Hermet, Istoria națiunilor și naționalismului în Europa, traducere de Silvia Dram, prefață de Al. Zub, Iași, Institutul European, 1997. 13. Raoul Girardet, Mituri și mitologii politice, Iași, Editura Institutului European, 1997. 14. Allan Janik, Stephen Toulmin, Viena lui Wittgenstein, București, Editura Humanitas, 1998, traducere și note de Mircea Flonta. 15. Aurel C. Popovici, Naționalism sau Democrație, o critică a civilizațiunii moderne, studiu introductiv, îngrijire de ediție, note de Constantin Schifirneț, București, Editura Albatros, 1997. 16. Aurel C. Popovici, Stat și Națiune, Statele-Unite ale Austriei Mari, Studii politice în vederea rezolvării problemei naționale și a crizelor constituționale din Austro-Ungaria, traducere din limba germană de Petre Pandrea, studiu introductiv, note și îngrijire de ediție Constantin Schifirneț, București, Editura Albatros, 1997. 17. Doru Radosav, Sentimentul religios la români, Cluj-Napoca, Editura Dacia, 1997.
More...Keywords: military engineering structures; command-control; commands; areas of expertise; staff capabilities;
After joining the North Atlantic Alliance, the Romanian Army began a process of doctrinal alignment, followed by the reorganization of command-control and force structures. By default, the military engineering staff structures were transformed. As I consider that these staff structures have not been adequately reorganized, I set out to make a comparative analysis of them with the military engineering structures in the organization of the commands of armies belonging to NATO member states and with those within NATO commands, at strategic, operational and tactical levels. Subsequently, I will use the data of the analysis, corroborated with other conclusions resulting from previous research, to propose to the military leadership factors the reorganization of the military engineering command structures. We believe that after a new reorganization, these military engineering structures in the composition of our commands must be able to ensure, on the one hand, the correspondence of duties with those of similar structures within the Alliance's commands and, on the other hand, the possibility of exercising on behalf of the commander, command and control over all capabilities.
More...Keywords: state-of-the-art technologies; technological and industrial revolution; information; robotics; operational environment;
Rivalries between the great powers of the world have always been the main cause of the outbreak of world wars. Industrial-technological revolutions have constantly influenced the life of society and implicitly the military power of each nation. The emergence of new military technologies determines radical and complex changes in the structure, principles and fighting methods used in the Romanian Army. New technologies have been, are and will be the key to maintaining the Romanian Army in international military structures as well as the basis for the gradual development of its own military industry. The investments in high technologies, national infrastructure but also in National Defense domain can be the engine of economical growth of our country and by consequence, increasing global credibility upon Romania`s capabilities. The evolution of the informational domain convinced us that always the operational environment is constantly changing, which determines the adaptation of military technologies based on scientific discoveries and everyday realities. Technological superiority represented by artificial intelligence, quantum physics, 5 G technology, can be used as a Trojan horse to act violently on a military power that does not keep up with the development of technology. Technological progress means life improvement, but it can also bring new challenges or problems. Therefore, political goals must support the country`s national defense strategy to limit and overcome potential enemies.
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