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Tuglas and Dostoevsky: on Tuglas's Poeet ja idioot ("Poet and Idiot")

Tuglas ja Dostojevski. Mõtteid novellist "Poeet ja idioot"

Author(s): Lea Pild / Language(s): Estonian / Issue: 01/2006

Keywords: Estonian literature; Russian literature; reception; literary relations

The paper is focused on an essential moment in the literary development of Friedebert Tuglas, dating from the early 1920s. Discussing the short story Poeet ja idioot (1924) the author analyses its ideological and thematic layers, their formation, and certain parallels between the story and Tuglas's essays from the two first decades of the 20th century. The conclusion reads that during the first years of the young Estonian Republic Tuglas was keen on redefining certain basic principles of the aesthetic programme of the Young Estonian (Noor-Eesti) literary grouping, including their interpretation of Evil, or the demonic element. Evil as a positive, constructive element active in the process of creating a new culture (which had been Tuglas's idea manifested in his essays Põrgu väravas ("At the Gates of Hell"), Kalevipoeg and Kirjanduslik stiil ("Literary Style"), as well as in the so-called "Devil's Apology" of 1908) is revaluated in the short story "Poet and Idiot" as well as in his writings on current affairs and in his correspondence. Readers can find an important literary code for Tuglas's story in the novel "Demons" (1872) by F. Dostoevsky, while some of its characters (Nikolay Stavrogin, Pyotr Verhovensky) can be regarded as literary prototypes of the protagonists of the story.

Lessons in Cultural Diversity: Rose Tremain's 'The Road Home'

Lecţii de diversitate culturală: 'The Road Home' de Rose Tremain

Author(s): Cristina Mihaela Nistor / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2009

Keywords: Tremain; diversity; globalisation

Multiculturalism’, ‘globalisation’ and ‘the European Union’ have become the magic words that define our contemporary lives. It is no wonder that, for quite some time now, writers have tried to exploit the newly found pro-European Union theme of cultural diversity sans frontières, in an attempt to catch up with their times. Therefore, my paper will focus on the analysis of the British society as it appears in Rose Tremain’s latest novel, “The Road Home” (2007). This wonderful depiction of nowadays Britain presents the reader with all ingredients favoured by contemporary tastes: describing the migrant experience of Easterners going West in search of work, a touch of human understanding and a sense of belonging, as well as an attempt at redefining one’s values and identity.

For an history of street names from Braşov citadel

Pentru o istorie a denumirilor străzilor din Cetatea Braşov

Author(s): Valer Rus / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1+2/2001

Keywords: history of street names; Braşov city; citadel; Adressenbuch;

This article contains an update of the current situation of street names from Braşov citadel, Braşov County. Historical evolution of these names shows that every times had his own standards. Values system of each period impose different names, based on the importance accorded to the social political corecturess werw substituted by historical names (such as Michael Weiss or Apollonia Hirscher Street), cultural ones (George Bariţiu or Mureşenilor Streets). Author exprimes his hopes that never again politic will influence in such manor as not so long time ago (see Romanian- Soviets Friendship Park, or Molotov and Maiakovski Streets case), the way that Romanian streets should be named.

Introduction: Rereading of cultural semiotics

Introduction: Rereading of cultural semiotics

Author(s): Peeter Torop / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2002

In 2002 the Department of Semiotics of the Tartu University got 10 years old. Juri Lotman, the founder of the Department, would have turned 80 in the same year. This was a symbolic reason to invite from all over the world scholars respecting semiotic thinking and/or J. Lotman’s scientific legacy to Tartu. So the international conference “Cultural Semiotics: Cultural Mechanisms, Boundaries, Identities” (25.02–2.03.2002) was born.

From Moscow to the Gulag: A History Lesson in Love

From Moscow to the Gulag: A History Lesson in Love

Author(s): Annabelle Chapman / Language(s): English / Issue: 04 (05)/2012

Keywords: book review; Orlando Figes

A review of Just Send Me Word: A True Story of Love and Survival in the Gulag. By: OrlandoFiges.

On the distance between to live, to exist and to be

DESPRE DISTANŢA DINTRE A TRĂI, A EXISTA ŞI A FI

Author(s): Ștefan Afloroaei / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: everyday life; to live; to exist and to be; distance; sense and nonsense of life;

I would like bring to attention the fact that these modes of comprehension of himself – to live, to exist, to be – reveal an easily perceivable inequality. The extent to which they matter and are obvious can contrast enormously during certain intervals of life. They then give way to a visible distance between them, as though, at a given moment, one of them might become estranged from the other. This fact can be observed in the unmediated world of life itself, for instance when someone faces many difficult and harsh trials, which profoundly fracture the course of their life and cause discontinuities that are hard to understand. Such distance ultimately brings to light that which happens to “the sense of life”: that it lays bare either its mere appearance, the nonsense that it rests upon, or its real, deep power. In light of this, I have tried to look at some concrete life situations, experienced as such, and how they have been described by certain writers (for example, Lev Tolstoi) or interpreters.

FOX’S TEACHINGS

FOX’S TEACHINGS

Author(s): Larisa Ileana Casangiu / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 09/2016

Keywords: fox; significance; allegory; teachings

The present article aims to present and analyze various „lessons”/teachings that foxes give us in different literary works (originated from different cultures, some of these works being well known in universal human culture), fox’s symbolic significance and paradoxical valorization of this animal. It is obvious that the fox is seen both as a narrative pretext, as a figure of allegory and as a voice conveying messages having moralizing intentions. The interpretation of these messages outlines „the geometry of meanings” (paraphrasing Peter Gärdenfors) attributed to the fox. While various meanings are briefly mentioned in many literary works, a large space is allocated to the teachings of the fox in "The Little Prince" (by Antoine de Saint-Exupery).

PREACHER AS A CHARACTER IN THE CREATIVE WORK OF LEO TOLSTOY AND GEORGE ELIOT

ГЕРОЙ-ПРОПОВЕДНИК В ТВОРЧЕСТВЕ Л. Н. ТОЛСТОГО И ДЖ. ЭЛИОТ

Author(s): Irina Gnyusova / Language(s): English,Russian / Issue: 1/2014

Keywords: Leo Tolstoy;George Eliot; clergyman;preacher;

The article analyzes characters of clergymen and the process of creating a specific type of a preacher in Leo Tolstoy's creative works. The researcher tries to prove that this process was strongly influenced by Tolstoy's close attention to the preacher characters in George Eliot's works. This can be proved by Tolstoy's letters, diary and notes in the books from the writer's personal library. The main features of Tolstoy's preacher character are demonstrated by the example of Prince Nekhlyudov (Resurrection). Proclaiming evangelical truth, he is not a member of any confession; he does not promulgate his views, but he proves his case by his actions and his way of life. He rejects earthly comfort and goods and voluntarily becomes integrated into people's life. Having walked his way of repentance of former sins, he cultivates the ability to forgive and have mercy. George Eliot also accents these features in the key characters of her books, analyzed in this article (Janet's repentance, Adam Bede and Felix Holt, the Radical). Eliot's version of preaching becomes a certain guide for Tolstoy in the process of shaping a new type of character in his late works.

The impact of theatre performance on the sociocultural process mirrored by theatrical critique

Impactul spectacolului de teatru asupra procesului sociocultural în oglinda criticii teatrale

Author(s): Elfrida Koroliova / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 2/2016

Keywords: theatrical process; theatre performance; theatrical critique; sociocultural environment; history; contemporaneity; postmodernism

Leo Tolstoy’s Urban Anthropology

Leo Tolstoy’s Urban Anthropology

Author(s): Andrzej Dudek / Language(s): English / Issue: 26/2016

Keywords: Leo Tolstoy; anthropology; space; the Petersburg text of Russian culture; antiurbanism

The article tackles the issue of Leo Tolstoy’s attitude towards the city, perceivedas a sui generis organised space affecting behaviour of human beings. It analyses the literaryworks by the author of Anna Karenina, which either conjure up urban images or set their scenes in cities. Literary evocations are confronted with Tolstoy’s non-fictional works and his own view on cities. The images of cities in Tolstoy are read by means of the apparatus typical of urban semiotics, developed mostly in the works by Yuri Lotman and Vladimir Toporov.In this paper, basing on Tolstoy’s works, images of Western cities are confronted with thoseof Russian ones, with a special emphasis put on the writer’s private opinion on city as humanenvironment. Tolstoyan vision of Saint Petersburg is analysed with regard to poetics of “thePetersburg text of Russian Culture.” The article also hints at Tolstoy’s inclination towards Rousseau’s view on urban spaces.

Publishing house ,,Cultura Naţională”

Editura „Cultura Naţională”

Author(s): Radu Moţoc / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1-2/2017

Keywords: publishing house; collections; patrimony; Romanian culture; universal literature

Radu Moţoc, Honorary Memberof the Senate USARB describes the history and activity of the ,,Cultura Naţională” (National Culture) Publishing House, founded in 1921, aiming to highlight Romanian culture and universal literature. The main collections published by Publishing House are reviewedsuch as: Contemporary Countries and Civilizations, Our Country, Ancient Classics, Universal Literature, Youth Library, Romanian Writers, Celebrities, etc. Publishing House ,,Cultura Naţională” was abolished in 1948 by the communist government

Pushkin’s Literary Myth Viewed Through Lens of the Avantgarde. Daniil Harms’s Vision

Mitul literar al lui Pușkin sub incidența avangardei. Viziunea lui Daniil Harms

Author(s): Camelia Dinu / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 3/2017

Keywords: Russian literary avant-garde; intertextuality; cultural myth; Soviet ideology; allusion; parody;

Daniil Harms is one of the most original figures in Russian literature of the first half of the 20th century. As a representative of the country’s vibrant avant-garde, Harms created important literary techniques and strategies that would be recognizable and even familiar in Russian postmodernism forty years later. Intertextuality is the lens through which Harms’s work will be analyzed in the present study, given that this literary device is, indeed, central to his work. For Harms the myth of the great Pushkin became an object to deconstruct. Harms had no desire to parody Pushkin’s work. Rather he parodied the way in which the myth of this famous Russian poet – the very emblem of Russia’s ‘Golden Age’ – was ideologized in the Soviet period. Thus, through the use of intertextuality, Harms protested against the cultural and literary clichés of the 1930s and against the false cult that was built up and around Pushkin.

THE URGENT CARD OF INTEREST - Afterword -

O CARTE DE INTERES URGENT - Postfață -

Author(s): Dan Gîju / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 41/2020

The palliative role of the idea of prayer and the idea of suicide in Cioranian rhetoric

Rolul paliativ al ideii de rugăciune și al ideii de sinucidere în retorica cioraniană

Author(s): Pavel Farcău / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 2/2021

Keywords: negative prayer; belief; suicide; essential revelation; skepticism;

In this paper we try to follow and analyze the rhetoric of Cioranian thought in the face of the temptation of faith, which, for him is nothing but the impossibility of the mystery of the act of prayer, because the essential revelation thwarted any illusion and therefore invariably argues that salvation is not deification. His only true faith lies in the idea of prayer as a support for enduring moments of dispair, just as reflection on the idea of suicide is a palliative and gives a kind of honor to the one temped by the act of suicide, pushed to the extreme, in moments of ubearable lucidity. The idea of prayer and the idea of suicide can be considered as the only illusions of Cioran, who strongly believes that he got rid of all illusions.

WORKS BY PYOTR ILYICH TCHAIKOVSKY bIN TNE USARB SCIENTIFIC LIBRARY COLLECTION

LUCRĂRI DE PIOTR ILICI CEAIKOVSKI ÎN COLECȚIA BIBLIOTECII ŞTIINȚIFICE USARB

Author(s): Elena Ţurcan / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1-2/2020

Keywords: Piotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky; Russian composers; collections of the USARB Scientific Library;

The author of this article writes about the exhibition dedicated to the great Russian composer Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, on the occasion of the 180 th anniversary ofhis birth. The USARB Scientific Library collection includes: 165 complete works and worksin different editions, 32 audiovisual documents and 14 electronic documents, 106 critical monographs in Romanian, Russian and foreign languages, articles from periodicals, accompanied by the bibliography of traditional and electronic resources.

Authority Records as Linked Data: A Local Experiment

Înregistrările de autoritate ca date interconectate: un experiment autohton

Author(s): Dan Matei / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 12/2013

Keywords: linked data; web; assertions; index; associations;Libraria; Biblioteca Județeană Mureș; biblioteconomie; bibliologie;

The phrase „linked data” was set in 2006 by Tim Berners-Lee, the „inventor” of the web. It designates a (relatively) new paradigm, which implies the association of web assertions in the manner in which the pages on/between the sites are connected. Their reason is what is known as „semantic web,” that is semantic associations between the entities on the web to allow the software agents (e.g. search engines) to make logical inferences. And the idea is that these linked data should (also) be done between assertions coming from different sources.

Gib Mihăescu's "Rusoaica" – between fiction and reality

„Rusoaica” lui Gib Mihăescu – între ficţiune şi realitate

Author(s): Ecaterina Hlihor / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1/2009

Keywords: Gib Mihăescu; "Rusoaica"; fiction and reality;

По мнениям румынским критикам, Русская Джиба Михэеску это роман эротической темы. Мы попробуем показать в нашем статье, что этот роман построен вокруг темы русской литературы, как источник мифов, особых сюжетов для построения романа Михэеску. Не женщины являются «слабостью» молодого румынского лейтенанта Рагаяк, а его «очарование» русской литературой. Русскую женщину, которую ждёт Рагаяк на берегу Днестра, это не реальная девушка, во плоти и крови, а воплощение героинь Ф. Достоевского, Л. Толстого, Л. Андреева. Все они вместе взятые воплощают единственное лицо. Русская женщина, о которой мечтает Рагаяк это аллегория души русского пространства, русской духовности.

A life devoted to poetry – Anna Akhmatova

O viaţă pentru poezie – Anna Ahmatova

Author(s): Marinela Doina Dorobanţu / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1/2008

Keywords: life devoted to poetry; Anna Akhmatova;

The Russian poet Anna Andreevna Gorenko was born on June 11th, 1889 near Odessa, in Bolshoy Fontan. While still very young, she was taken to Tsarskoe Selo, which later came to be called the city of Pushkin. She lived there until the age of 16, and it is there that she composed some of her first poetry. She later graduated from the Fundukleevsky Institute in Kiev, and it is here that her childhood romance with former Tsarskoe Selo schoolmate Nikolai Gumilev finally culminated in marriage. During this time Anna had already written about 200 poems, some of which were selected for publication in her first book in 1912. The book, which was entitled Evening, brought her public recognition as well as critical praise. In 1914, Akmatova's second book, entitled Rosary, was published. Akmatova’s third poetic compilation, White Wall was published in 1917. At that time, a large portion of Akhmatova’s social relations, including close friends, began emigrating. The situation worsened, and Anna suffered a personal drama when she and Gumilev were divorced. Her only income was beggarly. In August 1921, Blok died, and Anna learned that Gumilev had been shot and killed. The shock was very deep. Anna wrote very little during this period. At this time, Anna began studying History. She especially studied the history of architecture and art during Pushkin’s time. In the 1930’s, the “mysterious gift of song” came back to her quickly, and with a renewed strength. These years of her life were filled with great misfortune. Her son, Lev Gumilev, was arrested and exiled due to a false accusation. Many changes are noticeable in her poetry at this time. Drawing from the breadth of her experience, Akhmatova’s poetic vision became much sharper and bolder. Akhmatova wrote Requiem, Poem without a Hero, Seventh Book etc., and later, a comprehensive compilation entitled The Race of Time. Poetry (1909-1965). In 1964, Anna Akhmatova was given the international poetic award “Etna Taormina”, in Italy, and her historical research earned her an honorary Doctorate of Literature from Oxford University.

THE DOSTOYEVSKIAN SIDE OF GORKY

FAȚETA DOSTOIEVSKIANĂ A LUI GORKI

Author(s): Gheorghe Barbă / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1/2004

Keywords: Dostoevsky; Gorky; Russian literature;

Aportul la cunoaşterea de sine a omului şi a umanităţii prin surprinzătoarele descoperiri ontologice dostoievskiene n-a putut fi ocolit sau subestimat de nimeni. Maxim Gorki, perceput, de regulă, într-o postură ideatic ireconciliabilă faţă de autorul faimoaselor romane, scria în 1905: „Tolstoi şi Dostoievski - două dintre cele mai mari genii, ce prin forţa talentului lor au zguduit întreaga lume, au atras asupra Rusiei atenţia uluită a întregii Europe, ei amândoi alăturându-se, ca egali, marilor rânduri de oameni, ale căror nume sunt: Shakespeare, Dante, Cervantes, Rousseau, Goethe”.

Book review

Orlando Figes, Dansul Natașei. O istorie culturală a Rusiei

Author(s): Andrei Guțu / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 4/2022

Keywords: review; cultural history; Russia; Orlando Figes;

Review of: Orlando Figes, Dansul Natașei. O istorie culturală a Rusiei, Iași, Editura Polirom, 2018