Search results for: piotr jaroszynski in PDF Content

From St. Thomas’ teaching to Thomism. History of doctrines

Od myśli Tomaszowej do tomizmu. Dzieje doktryny

Author(s): Lech Dubel,Małgorzata Łuszczyńska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2013

The aim of the article is to show the process of reading and interpreting the assumptions of St. Thomas Aquinas’ doctrine. The authors indicate that the main reasons of the diverse effect of Aquinas intellectual heirs’ scholarly activity are social and political realities of the age and philosophical currents they followed and faced. In almost every generation there have been new varieties of Thomism resulting from the reception of Thomas’ teaching, which is a multifarious and internally diversified phenomenon. The authors show the attitude to the interpretation of Aquinas’ doctrine from the Middle Ages till the end of the 20th century and they advance a thesis that this evolutionary process was both qualitative and quantitative.

Plenary Session of 'National Culture – between Specificity and Universalism' Conference

Sesja plenarna konferencji Kultura narodowa – między swoistością i uniwersalizmem

Author(s): Robert Boroch / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 19/2016

Measures (indices) of hostility and friendship in a population of men and women with disorders in psychological functioning

Miary (wskaźniki) wrogości i przyjaźni w populacji kobiet i mężczyzn z zaburzeniami w funkcjonowaniu psychologicznym

Author(s): Konstantinos Tsirigotis / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 16/2016

Keywords: sex (gender);psychological functioning disorders;aggression;violence;

The aim of the work was to evaluate the intensity of needs and other personality traits associ- ated with positive and negative attitudes to the others in men and women with various disorders in psychological functioning. The study project involved four groups: healthy persons, adult children of alcoholics (ACoAs), schizophrenic patients treated with classical neuroleptics and schizophrenic patients treated with atypical antipsychotic drug (R). The following research in- struments were used: MMPI, ACL and SAI. In healthy men it was found greater rebelliousness, stubbornness, lack of self-confidence, and they less take into account the beliefs and attitudes of others. In the group of ACoAs it was found that women more often than men describe their home and the atmosphere in it as unpleasant and express more hostility and aggression towards others. In the group of schizophrenic patients treated with classical neuroleptics greater intensity of n. Dominance, hostility and aggression was found in men than in women. In the group of schizophrenic patients treated with atypical drug R, the results were “atypical”: higher intensity of n. Dominance in women, and higher intensity of social dependence in men.

What is the identity for? From individual to civil identity

Po co tożsamość? Od tożsamości indywidualnej do tożsamości cywilizacyjnej

Author(s): Piotr Jaroszyński / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 26/2016

Keywords: identity; principle of identity; human being; culture; civilization; realism; metaphysics;

The Author in his article marks out that the rule of identity has the key meaning, not only in philosophy but also in every domain of knowledge and culture. He reckons that this rule should be accepted in relation to every area of reality. However, it shows that the problem is more complicated. It pays attention to the finder of the identity rule – Parmenides. In the conclusions, he emphasises that from the perspective of the history, finding the identity rule not only had a philosophical but also cultural and civilisational meaning. This rule as the conscious afterthought laid the foundations for the Greek and Western culture, especially Latin civilisation. For this reason, the Author notices that the paper on reclaiming and building your own identity is a whole life task for every human being. Since man has to build his/her identity and preserve it till the end, then it is an integral and mature identity, the identity to the extent of a complete human being.

Identity of the Western civilisation and the conception of the sacred war. A few remarks from a perspective of realistic philosophy of human being and politics

Tożsamość cywilizacyjna Zachodu a koncepcja świętej wojny. Kilka uwag z perspektywy realistycznej filozofii człowieka i polityki

Author(s): Paweł Skrzydlewski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 26/2016

Keywords: identity; Western civilization; sacred war; politics; realistic philosophy; philosophical anthropology; culture; civilization; religion; Church;

The Author presents the assumptions of Polish school of natural law in his text. As he points out, they were not just a group of abstract academic disputes but they served the purpose of creating the effective policy of the Republic of Poland and its international relations with neighbouring countries. Next, they served the basis for protection of the Indians’ rights in Latin America. In the fifteenth and sixteenth century of the Jagiellonian era, they also laid foundations for the free and most powerful country in Central Europe. This country, without imperial temptations, truly beautiful and kind was uniting people and nations on the basis of union in which love was a true, real principle. It had never known religious wars, pogroms or religious intolerance and the spirit of catholic faith ruling in it urged, if not everybody, then a lot of people, to voluntary acceptance of the Catholic religion. This faith was attached to the Polish nation to such an extent that it became its integral element, the source of its vital strengths and identity.

Father Michael Sopocko as a professor and lecturer in Vilnius and in Białystok

Ksiądz Michał Sopoćko jako profesor wykładowca w Wilnie i w Białymstoku

Author(s): Mieczysław Olszewski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: Blessed Father Michael Sopocko; University of Warsaw; Stefan Batory University in Vilnius; Seminary in Bialystok; catechetics

Fr. Michael Sopocko studied at the Faculty of Theology in Warsaw, where he earned two degrees of Master of Theology, there he gained his doctorate and his habilitation. After graduation he took a job as a lecturer at the Stefan Batory University in Vilnius, where he taught catechetics, homiletics and pastoral theology at the same time leading the master seminar of these items. Since 1947, he began teaching and educational work in the Archdiocesan Major Seminary in Bialystok.

Anthropological Reductionism and its Consequences

Redukcjonizm antropologiczny i jego konsekwencje

Author(s): Danuta Radziszewska-Szczepaniak / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2016

Keywords: biologism; Descartes; person; reductionism; anthropological reductionism; sociologism

The article presents an attempt to define anthropological reductionism and points to the various forms of this trend as well as its consequences. The essence of anthropological reductionism is avoiding, when analyzing human reality, essential aspects pertaining to it. As a result of this process, we now have a narrow vision of man, or one that is not in accord with the experience of being a person. We can find two bigger trends in the reductionist trend, and they are internally diverse: one trend reduces the whole of human existence to man being a biological creature, the second sees man as only being a thinking soul. The most important consequences of the reductionist approach to man are: 1) eliminating the richness and specificity of the human being; materialist trends, excluding the personal spiritual dimension of man, deprive him of subjectivity; spiritualist trends reject man’s significant relationship with the body, thus neglecting the reality that man is deeply rooted in nature; 2) the denial of human nature as a permanent structure which is the source of man’s actions, which results in questioning its normative character; 3) the negation of the openness of the human person to the Absolute Person, and this may be due to the deification of man or to limiting man to the material world; 4) the creation of false principles of behavior.

The idea of sustainable development in the light of the rule of the “golden mean”: theoretical and practical remarks

Idea zrównoważonego rozwoju w świetle zasady „złotego środka”: uwagi teoretyczne i praktyczne

Author(s): Stanisław Biały / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 4/2016

Keywords: philosophy of sustainable development; the UN and the idea of sustainable development; “the golden mean” and virtue; freedom of conscience; ethical compromise; the common good; the human family;

One of the key problems of the modern world is the entrance onto the path of sustainable development, where in theory, the concept of sustainable development implies steady progress on economic and social in harmony with the natural environment, to ensure a high quality of life for present and future generations. Thus, this article raises the question of how a man, and more broadly:the progress of humanity, is the starting point and also the point of arrival of this concept? For ambivalence (which can easily be noted here), creates a variety of dilemmas, which opens a new field of discussion in various disciplines,including philosophy, and bioethics. One of them (speaking more in detail) is whether the concept of sustainability in the matter of human development and environmental protection means the same as the Aristotelian principle of“golden mean”? The answer, which is given, is negative. The author proposal:is the need to assimilate the principle of the “golden mean” in the framework of the concept of human development and environmental protection. This will be her love for the human person, discovered in a free and flawless conscience.

Towards a realist metaphysics of value – a point in discussion

W kierunku realistycznej metafizyki wartości – przyczynek do dyskusji

Author(s): Piotr Mrzygłód / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 4/2015

Keywords: value; axiology; metaphysical realism; value objectivism;

Even though axiology as a separate philosophical discipline is relatively young, with estimated time of its birth in the mid-nineteenth century, the reflection on the values, which is the subject of the axiological inquiries, has been around for centuries. It reaches the ancient beginnings of the philosophy itself. The matter of the way the values exist, their quantity and nature is being very actively discussed nowadays and creates multiple strategies, mostly connected with the realistic or idealistic starting point of philosophy itself. That is the reason why we are dealing with many definitions and classifications of axiological values. It turns out that today, the category of the values has not only inter- but multidisciplinary character.That is why we are talking about values virtually everywhere. Not only in philosophy, but we can find them in everyday life, social sciences, art, music, mathematics or economy. Unfortunately understanding of values in the latter – seems to be specifically close for many of us. This article belongs to the dynamic philosophical discussion about the metaphysics of values, from the point of view of metaphysics’ realism and objectivism. Within this strategy the author of this article tries to answer the few questions: firstly- what the values are, further on – what is their nature and the ontological status, to finish with selected examples of typology and classification of values and the possibility of sorting them out hierarchically. Accepting existential pluralism of the surrounding reality as an axiom – the author accepts axiological pluralism as well, in relation to the goodness as the condition of the hierarchization of the “world of values”.

Human rights in Islam. The views of M. Fethullah Gülen

Prawa człowieka w islamie. Poglądy M. Fethullaha Gülena

Author(s): Edyta Dzwonkowska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: Islam; human rights; Fethullah Gulen; democracy; freedom of thought;

The article addresses the issue of human rights in Islam, with particular emphasis on the views of M. Fethullah Gulen, the Sufi leader, scholar and social reformer. At the beginning, his biography is briefly presented. Then various concepts of understanding of human rights in Islam and their importance for democracy are outlined. The article highlights the fact that in the Arab world there is a fundamental principle of the supremacy of the law of God over human rights and it shows the relationship between rights and responsibilities of the individual. Then the article presents the views of Fethullah Gulen on human rights, including the right to freedom of thought, which according to him, is the foundation for the development of both the individual and the society as a whole. According to the Turkish scholar, the Muslims have the real understanding of human rights.

The Beauty as the Peak of Nature and Culture – Philosophical and Theological Embrace of the Beauty

Piękno jako szczyt natury oraz kultury – filozoficzno-teologiczne ujęcie piękna

Author(s): Grzegorz Sobczak / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2016

Keywords: nature; culture; finite beauty; infinite beauty; art; craft; nature; beauty

The beauty revealded oneself in two spheres of the one reality: in nature and in culture – but as trancendentalium, beauty as exeeding beryond this reality. This way temporary beauty which is present in nature and culture is leading to Absolute Beauty. Article is presenting specifity of the beauty for nature and culture. So article is presenting the natural, craft and artistic dimension of the beauty in nature and culture, which entails philosophical dimension whom identtyfiting beauty with being and theological dimension which suiting Divine element for the Beauty.

Christian Mercy in Teaching and Activity of the Servant of God Fr. Robert Spiske Founder of the Congregation of the Sisters of St. Jadwiga

Miłosierdzie chrześcijańskie w nauczaniu i działalności Sługi Bożego ks. Roberta Spiskego założyciela Zgromadzenia Sióstr św. Jadwigi

Author(s): Michał Dulik / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2016

Keywords: Robert Spiske; compassion; sacraments; baptism; confession; prayer; Eucharist

The Wroclaw-born capitular and founder of the Sisters of Saint Hedwig, and meanwhile servant of God, Spiske, was an „ apostle of mercy”. As an outstanding preacher and searched confessor, he belonged to the Catholic renewal movement of the 19th century in the archdiocese of Wroclaw and Prussia. He applied a specific focus of his pastoral activity to the ministry of childern an youth and to the recovery of those believers, who had grown aparat from the Church. In order to give orphans a home, he founded in Wroclaw the congregation of the Sisters of Saint Hedwig. A maxim of his life was: „Without works of mercy you can not be a Christian.” This article demonstrated how he lived this concept concretely. These conditions have been proclaimed by the Church from the beginning. Due to the sacrament of baptism,every Christian is committed to practice the works of mercy in his life.For mature Christians two other sacraments go with these:The sacrament of reconciliation and the eucharist. If oneself receives these two sacraments, wich are given us by God`s compassion, one will be better prepared to render the Christian mercy to other humans; not to forget the prayer. The personal relationship to Jesus Christ helps the individual Christian to deal merciful with other humans. Also Pope Francis emphasized this foundation of the Christian life, as he announced the holy year of mercy. It is worth considering, that the thoughts of the servant of God,Robert Spiske, have not lost any of their actuality.

Security as a basic element in the implementation of educational utopias of the 19th and 20th centuries

Bezpieczeństwo jako podstawowy element realizacji utopii edukacyjnych XIX i XX wieku

Author(s): Sławomir Futyma / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2016

Keywords: utopia; education; sociology of education; philosophy of education;

This reflection is associated with unquestionable power of utopia in education. Education has always been associated with the implementation of social utopia. The intensity of this activity can be observed especially in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. With utopia, education systems may take into account future scenarios, risk, and to disseminate the truth that knowledge and early solution to the problems is a prerequisite for social security.

Intercultural pedagogy by Bogusław Śliwerski

Pedagogika międzykulturowa (opr.) Bogusław Śliwerski

Author(s): Bogusław Śliwerski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2 (19)/2017

Acutum Ingenium

Acutum Ingenium

Author(s): Kazimierz Piotrowski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2012

How to read out the work of A.G. Baumgarten after Duchamp’s anesthesia? The author of this interpretation of aesthetics as asteiology (Greek: asteidzomai – to be witty) seeks to reconstruct the foundations of aesthetic thinking as the art, science and paideia of wit, and he proves that the category of acutum ingenium occupies the central role in Baumgarten’s aesthetics. From Quintilianus to Kant wit (ingenium) was comprehended as a form of invention, cognition, expression and a talent for social communication, and in Baumgarten’s asteiology as the ideal (habitus) of arts and sciences. Raising the issue of asteism (Greek: asteísmos) as a mental process in the Polish art, starting with – nomen omen – the wit of Witkacy, we have to make use of a normative model of asteic intelligence. This is the author’s answer to the wit – often without asteism – of the contemporary post-art, post-aesthetics or post-philosophy.

Selected Aspects of Semantic Conversion – The Case of Toleratio

Wybrane aspekty konwersji semantycznej – przypadek tolerancji

Author(s): Andrzej Stoiński / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 48/2017

Keywords: metapolitics; semantic conversion; positive tolerance; negative tolerance

The text refers to the selected aspects of semantic conversion defined as the process of transformation of the meaning of the terms. This paper deals with the notion of “toleration”. The classic negative tolerance was described as a lack of intolerance. Otherwise, the positive tolerance is often characterized as acceptance, esteem, or affirmation for differences. Such distinction between them has the effect that in the face of the negative theory positive tolerance appears paradoxical. On the other hand, in perspective of the positive theory the classic idea seems to be intolerance. Basing on positive concept may lead to a reductionist alternative: acceptance (esteem, affirmation) – intolerance. In the article the Authoralso considers the problem of connections between toleration and the power of individual. Furthermore, the paper examines simple and complex objects of tolerance and the problem of the person as a subject of toleration.

Two sisters: sculptor Hanna Nałkowska in the light of Zofia Nałkowska’s Snakes and roses

Dwie siostry: rzeźbiarka Hanna Nałkowska w świetle powieści Zofii Nałkowskiej Węże i róże

Author(s): Magdalena Kasa / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 4/2017

Keywords: Zofia Nałkowska; Hanna Nałkowska; Polish sculptors; Snakes and Roses; plastic arts; literature; a novel about the artist

The article focuses on Ernestyna Śniadowiczówna, the main character in a novel by Zofia Nałkowska Snakes and Roses (1913). The main purpose of the work is to show that the character had its real counterpart in Zofia’s younger sister, the sculptor Hanna Nałkowska. The words of Zofia herself were crucial, who in her Diary confessed that all her novels were autobiographical to some extent.Still, researchers have not paid sufficient attention to the significant similarities between Ernestyna and Hanna Nałkowska. Snakes and Roses are the only piece in the writer’s work, in which she analyzed the issues related to art and pointed out some characteristics of the artist. Zofia was writing her novel when Hanna was entering the world of art. A comparison between Ernestyna Śniadowiczówna and Hanna Nałkowska, as well as the information from Zofia’s Diary and reminiscences of their friends show that the literary character is likely to be based on a real person.

State in the assessment of students in Poland, Lithuania and Slovakia in the light of research on social capital

State in the assessment of students in Poland, Lithuania and Slovakia in the light of research on social capital

Author(s): Piotr Szkudlarek / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2017

Keywords: social capital; state, democracy; trust; social activity;

The aim of the article is to evaluate the perception of the state by students in the context of research on social capital. The paper uses the results of a survey conducted at the Faculty of Economics and Management University of Szczecin, Faculty of Politics and Management Mykolo Romeris University in Vilnius and Faculty of Economics, Matej Bel University Banska Bystrica Theoretical part of the article presents chosen issues concerning social capital in relation to the state. This part has also become a foundation to the analysis of the survey outcomes conducted among students in Poland, Lithuania and Slovakia. It was preceded by presentation of research methodology. The article presents conclusions regarding the assessment of the state by students in Poland, Lithuania and Slovakia in the context of democracy, social participation, trust and social norms.

Social justice in the Catholic Social Teaching and its relationship with the concept of the political community

Idea sprawiedliwości społecznej w katolickiej nauce społecznej i jej związek z koncepcją wspólnoty politycznej

Author(s): Andrzej Stoiński / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 2/2017

Keywords: political philosophy; Catholic Social Teaching; state; justice; social justice;

The present research is focused on the idea of ”social justice” in the Catholic Social Teaching and the sense that is often given to it. Another important thing is how the understanding of this idea influences the concept of the political community. Catholic doctrine will be compared here with a brief overview of the solutions developed by other traditions of social reflection in this regard. As the reference points will serve some propositions coming from the liberal and leftist perspectives. Because of the large scale of the problem, it will be necessary to limit the presentation to only several selected topics.

Modernisation through Contamination: Degradation of the Natural Environment in Poland (1945–70) as Perceived by the Authorities and the Society

Modernisation through Contamination: Degradation of the Natural Environment in Poland (1945–70) as Perceived by the Authorities and the Society

Author(s): Dariusz Jarosz / Language(s): English / Issue: 115/2017

Keywords: protection of (natural) environment;ecology in (post-war) communist Poland;communism vs. ecology; contamination of waters; pollution of the air

The period 1945–70 saw a change in the approach to environmental contamination on the part of Polish authorities and the society. Before 1956, the imposed model of economic modernisation, which imitated and reproduced the Soviet patterns, glaringly contradicted the requirements of ecology. In the aftermath of the political turn of 1956, protection of waters and air against pollution finally became a matter of debate involving the authorities and the society. Basic legal solutions in this respect, meant to protect the environment against degradation, were adopted in the 1960s. The legislators generally followed the arguments and reasons behind the period’s industrial policy, with the resulting limited efficiency of the legal acts adopted. In any case, between 1956 and 1970 awareness emerged in the society with respect to threats to the environment. This is attested by the letters sent to the authorities whose authors, individuals and groups, criticised the developments of industrial modernisation – owing, primarily, to its detrimental impact on their health.