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Greening the European Neighbourhood Policy. A Handbook to assess Implementation of the Action Plans in the Field of the Environment

Author(s): Claire Dupont,Nathy Rass-Masson / Language(s): English

This handbook is the result of the successful cooperation between the Heinrich Böll Stiftung and WWF and NGO partners in the neighbouring countries. It builds on the expertise gained and the work done in the context of the joint “Greening the ENP” project initiated in 2005. It is part of a process aiming to increase the capacity and involvement of NGOs in ENP implementation and monitoring. // Although focusing on the environment and sustainable development areas of the Action Plans, this handbook also seeks to provide a methodological contribution that could also be considered for adaptation to other areas covered by the Action Plans. hbs and WWF are pleased to share this methodology with other stakeholders, including NGO networks, research institutes, the European Commission and public administrations in the ENP countries. Contacts and exchanges have been established and cooperation should continue. Last but not least, the present methodology is to be seen as a flexible tool that may need further refinement. It has been tested in several countries between April 2008 and April 2009 by NGO partners and WWF offices in East ENP (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine). Their feedback and input have been crucial to ensure that this is and continues to be a living document.

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Issue Paper on EU policy toward the Western Balkans – Regional Perspective: Case studies – Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Croatia, Kosovo

Author(s): Eldar Sarajlić,Vladimir Pavićević,Vedran Horvat,Venera Hajrullahu / Language(s): English

There is no doubt that the states of the Western Balkans belong to the European Union. However, their road to the EU is by no means an easy one. The entire Western Balkan region is not only encumbered by the maladies related to its communist past, but also by the problems the region has more recently experienced due to the horrors of war. Many of the ethnic tensions have not yet cooled down. The EU is more sceptical of further enlargement now than it was prior to the large-scale enlargements that brought in the states of Central and Eastern Europe in 2004 and 2007. The current EU-27 finds consensus more difficult to reach among states that are more different politically, economically and culturally than ever before. The EU, therefore, is not hastening the next wave of enlargement. It would be a big mistake, however, for the EU to close its doors to the states of the Western Balkans. The promise of EU accession is the most reliable driver of reform and stabilization for these potential new members. One of the foreign policy priorities of the Czech EU presidency was indeed continuing accession talks with the Western Balkan states. // In this publication we offer you an overview of the situation from the perspective of experts from four Western Balkan countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Kosovo and Serbia. You are about to read a text which is in many ways significantly critical both towards domestic conditions in these countries and towards EU policy on the Western Balkan region, thanks to which you will have the opportunity to probe deeper into the problems of this region, which decidedly should not remain in the background of our interest.

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TWENTY YEARS AFTER. Post-Communist Countries and European Integration

Author(s): Ilana Bet-El,Adam Krzemiński,Jiří Pehe,Veiko Spolītis,Werner Schulz,Nicholas Whyte,Vladimir Pavićević,Tihomir Ponoš,Ugo Vlaisavljević,Fraser Cameron,Beka Natsvlishvili,Jens Siegert,Juri Durkot / Language(s): English

In the words of the Polish journalist and dissident, Adam Michnik, 1989 was Europe’s annus mirabilis. The peaceful revolution of that year was a miracle effected by the people in central and eastern Europe. Hardly any one (and certainly no western head of state or politician) had foreseen that a popular movement active in different countries would, in just a few months, topple socialist regimes and force the mighty Soviet Union to retreat behind the borders of Russia. There was Ronald Regan’s legendary call “Mr. Gorbatchev, tear down this wall!” made in June 1987 as he stood at the Berlin Wall but neither U.S. diplomats nor European governments took it seriously and some did not even want it: to them two Germanys was preferable to one.The contributors to this publication do not just look back with pleasure to those euphoric days when the people of central and eastern Europe overcame the continent’s division but they have also made sober assessments of the intervening period. What have been the results of 1989? How far have the expectations of the time been fulfilled and where have they been disappointed? What role has the example of the European Union played in the last twenty years? Where do the post-communist countries of central and eastern Europe as well as those of the Western Balkans now stand in Europe? What effect has all this had on “old Europe“, those members of the European Union whose historical experience took place on the other side of the Wall? In what way has the accession of post-communist countries influenced the European Union and its policies?

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Series:HEINRICH BOELL STIFTUNG - Issue Papers

Greening the European Neighbourhood Policy. A Handbook to assess Implementation of the Action Plans in the Field of the Environment

Issue Paper on EU policy toward the Western Balkans – Regional Perspective: Case studies – Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Croatia, Kosovo

TWENTY YEARS AFTER. Post-Communist Countries and European Integration