Series:SNV Bilten

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War Crimes Against the Serbs in Croatia 91 — 95

Ratni zločini nad Srbima u Hrvatskoj 91 — 95

Author(s): Saša Milošević / Language(s): English,Croatian

Keywords: war crimes; Croatia; Croatian War of Independence; War Crimes Against Croatian Serbs;War Crimes Against the Serbs in Croatia 91 — 95;

Throughout the whole history of state, people and individuals were faced, to different extent, with war, destruction, violence and war crimes. The greatest difficulty after the conflicts, in addition to reconstruction of demolished houses and re-establishing relationship, was facing war crimes, in particular those committed by members of the so-called ‘Us’. This ‘patriotic narrowing of the mind’, as the philosophy professor Žarko Puhovski once said, at the time when one should confess the guilt of human also becomes a moral drama that has been haunting human kind since ever. It is related to the ontological evil as Hannah Arendt said, as well as with insisting upon ‘our truth’, which villains of modern age like to use in court rooms and claim it to the grave.

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The Refugee Settlements in Serbia: The People Who Survived

Izbjeglička naselja u Srbiji: Narod koji je preživio

Author(s): Bojan Munjin / Language(s): English,Croatian

Keywords: Serb refugees; operation Storm; refugee settlements in Serbia;

During the last war, in the beginning of the 90s, there were around 400 000 Serbs who escaped Croatian territory and most of them ended in Serbia where they, in smaller or bigger groups, live in metropolitan areas, cities and villages even today. Those smaller groups of mostly compatriots are united by the sad destiny of refugees, solidarity and memory of homeland. Almost a half of this half a million population lives in Autonomous Province of Vojvodina in villages mostly built on their own on empty fields, on the outskirts where initially there were no conditions to develop a civilized lifestyle. Those settlements live as a memory of self-sacrifice of population torn from their root, left with nothing and forced to undertake a precarious road to a new environment. It should be emphasized that most of the refugee settlements in Vojvodina and elsewhere aren't slums or ‘empires of poor’, but solid houses that children leave every day to go to school, their parents to go to work and earn their daily bread and the eldest do their best to help as much as they can. In the moment they were built, those houses witnessed blood, sweat and tears of their household members because suffer and trouble are in common to almost every one of the half a million of Serbs who came to Serbia from Croatia. Psychologically, we can never measure the amount of negative energy accumulated among the Serb refugees from Croatia during the mid-90's which resulted in many diseases, death and existential traumas, however, there was also a strong will to survive; the Serb refugees from Croatia managed to sustain and initiate a new life in Serbia.

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Historic Revisionism, Hate Speech and Violence Against Serbs in 2017

Historijski revizionizam, govor mržnje i nasilje prema Srbima u 2017.

Author(s): Tamara Opačić / Language(s): English,Croatian

Keywords: historical revisionism; Hate Speech; violence against Serbs;

"A group of about three to four people in their 40s approached us. They were visibly inebriated and started swearing at 'our Chetnik mother', asking 'how come we were not ashamed to come to Zagreb'. My wife and I looked at each other and remained silent. What were we to do, we were here with small children? We waited for their rampage to end but it went on for a while and then they left with the message that they would take care of us and the children, should we ever return", Dušan Kovačević, the director of the Novi Sad music festival Exit, said during his visit to Zagreb. The incident occurred in mid-February 2017, the same month that stickers appeared on the streets of Vukovar with the invitation to hang Serbs, and that members of the extreme right party Autochthonous – Croatian Party of Rights (A-HSP) marched through the Croatian capital dressed in black. Last February will also be remembered as a month when an Ustasha graffiti appeared on the Orthodox church of Holy Trinity in Bjelovar, a protected cultural monument. Also in February, the Social Democratic Party (SDP) MP Milanka Opačić, received police protection because of the photomontage inspired by her Serb nationality, published by the portal Dnevno.hr. Dalmatia was no exception to this trend. At the end of February, organisers of a carnival in Kaštele near Split, torched before hundreds of spectators and effigy of Milorad Pupovac, the president of the Serb National Council (SNC) and of the Independent Democratic Serb Party (SDSS).

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SNC's Political Academy — Future of Serbs in Croatia

Politička akademija SNV-a — budućnost Srba u Hrvatskoj

Author(s): / Language(s): English,Croatian,Serbian

Keywords: Serb National Council; Political Academy;

As part of the Serb National Council’s Political Academy in 2017 the sixth cycle of lectures and negotiations was held with young activists from Serb community as regular participants. The goal was that they should get to know each other, to exchange experience and acquire knowledge useful for further activities in three areas: 1) within the Serb community, i.e. in its cultural, educational, and social-political organisations, 2) representing Serb community in local, county and state bodies and 3) in public life, especially regarding subjects relevant for the Serb community. 16 participants, mostly younger persons, have attended the Academy.

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Images of Return: Dalmatia

Slike povratka: Dalmacija

Author(s): Vaska Radulović / Language(s): English,Croatian

Keywords: Dalmatia;Croatian War of Independence;Serb refugees from Dalmatia;

Although each of these stories relates to different experiences and misfortunes, the stories of Serb refugees from Dalmatia are not very different from the destiny of the Serb population, who were forced to leave their homes during the last war. New environment and people gave them just enough to stop fearing for their lives. But as the time passed, the feeling of not belonging to the new environment would not leave them. The feeling of longing for their ancestral homes and a piece of land they could call their own with certainty kept attracting them towards a new beginning.

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Unrealized rights and failed policies 2: Representation of national minorities in the state administration and judiciary

Neostvarena prava i promašene politike 2: Zastupljenost nacionalnih manjina u državnoj upravi, pravosuđu i policiji

Author(s): Ljubomir Mikić / Language(s): English,Croatian

Keywords: national minorities; Representation of national minorities; state administration;

Relying on the fact of by law guaranteed right on proportional representation of national minorities members in public authorities that has for years presented a big problem and challenge for the Republic of Croatia, Serb National Council (SNC) published the analysis Unrealized Rights and Failed Policies: Representation of National Minorities in State Administration, Judiciary and Police in March of 2014. The analysis was based on competent authorities’ data about the representation of national minorities in stated institutions, highlighting the representation of Serbs followed and collected by SNC and the Independent Democratic Serbian Party Club in the Croatian Parliament between the middle of 2008 and the middle of 2013, respectively until the beginning of the EU membership of Republic of Croatia in July of 2013. The results of the analysis were devastating. It has been noticed that during the analysed period, despite the specific measures of the Government of Republic of Croatia, not only there was no improvement in realization of the rights, but previously achieved level of representation demonstrate tendencies of moderate to significant degradation. Former politics of the Government directed towards increasing the number of national minorities’ members in competent authorities have been rated as useless, and stated reasonable doubt they were only fulfilling the form in order to meet the criteria of the EU entry negotiations. The conclusion, among other, stated the necessity for the Government and other competent authorities to undertake decisive, comprehensive and concrete measures in collaboration and with participation of national minorities’ representatives and independent experts in the following period in order to implement the corresponding guaranteed rights.

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Historic Revisionism, Hate Speech and Violence Against Serbs in 2016

Historijski revizionizam, govor mržnje i nasilje prema Srbima u 2016.

Author(s): Tamara Opačić / Language(s): English,Croatian

Keywords: Hate Speech; historical revisionism; Hate Speech against Serbs; Violence Against Serbs;

Hate speech in right wing media, angry shouting at stadiums and hate graffiti in the streets, public gatherings of Ustasha supporters as well as discriminatory and revisionist statements by senior state officials, became a part of political reality in Croatia in 2016. What is truly wor¬rying for the security of certain individuals and groups, and especially for representatives and members of the Serb community, is that the number of verbal and physical attacks against them rose last year and that hatred against Serbs and other individuals and groups of liberal and leftist orientation became more intense.

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Tales From the Exile: More Than a Tragedy

Priče iz izbjeglištva: Više od tragedije

Author(s): Bojan Munjin / Language(s): English,Croatian

Keywords: Operation “Storm”; Serb refugees;

For years it has been emphasised that after the Operation “Storm” at the start of August 1995, some 250 000 Croatian citizens of Serb nationality were expelled from Croatia, probably in order to highlight the sheer scale of the drama of that moment and of the people who fled. Unfortunately, the number is far greater: more than 400,000 Serbs left Croatia during the 1991-1995 war that raged on the territory of this former Yugoslav Socialist Republic. In the beginning, ever since the HDZ party came to power in 1990, they had been coming in Serbia quietly ”with two suitcases and a back¬pack“. They started coming after the first layoffs, after threats below their windows and nasty looks from their neighbors, from anonymous tele¬phone calls and graffiti on the walls containing the letter “U”. It was a time of nationalist triumphalism, a time of invoking ”Croatia within its historic and ethnic borders”, a time when (the first Croatian president) Franjo Tuđman cried out a sentence that is still quoted today, that the ”NDH was also an expression of the Croatian people’s historic will”.

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Images of Return: Banija and Kordun

Slike povratka: Banija i Kordun

Author(s): Vladimir Jurišić / Language(s): English,Croatian

Keywords: Banija; Kordun;Croatian War of Independence; Serb refugees from Banija and Kordun;

A man can be deprived of his house and land, he can lose money and health and homeland, but something will always remain to provide strength and will for a new start. But take away a man’s dignity and there will appear an emptiness that nothing can assuage, and it will fill him with disappointment and anxiety. Thus he will lose the last foot¬hold from which he has drawn the strength needed to overcome all the trials and tribulations, to stay and survive.

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Strayed Property

Zalutali imetak

Author(s): Nikola Bajto / Language(s): English,Croatian

Keywords: Serb community in Croatia; Confiscation of Serb Property in the Independent State of Croatia;

An account of a crime aimed at human lives inevitably suppress¬es a testimony on robbery, even if it was an armed robbery. Prob¬ably, that is the only explanation for an overwhelming absence of serious work on collecting the evidence and critical retrospect of the disappearance of property acquired by Serbs in Croatia, Slavonia, and Dalmatia during the turbulent twentieth century. While there are hundreds of volumes published on genocide, with the tendency of permanent growth, when it comes to prop¬erty, there is – silence. It seems that the understanding of inevitability of this process has been widely accepted. The magnitude of this process is best illustrated by the proportion of ethnic Serbs in the population of Croatia: before the First World War, one in four inhabitants of Croatia was a Serb, while nowadays it is one in twenty-four, roughly estimated.

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Hate Speech and Violence Against Serbs in 2015

Govor mržnje i nasilje prema Srbima u 2015.

Author(s): Tamara Opačić / Language(s): English,Croatian

Keywords: hate speech; hate speech against Serbs;

The year behind us was marked by an increased number of physical assaults on Serbs in Croatia, threats against them and destruction of their property. In 2015 Cyrillic script1 in Vukovar was practically abolished and we have witnessed numerous attempts to rehabilitate the Independent State of Croatia (NDH)2 as well as an increased incidence of hate speech by public figures and part of the media. For this reason 2015 will be remembered as the year in which nationalist and anti-minority atmosphere – which became more intense since Croatia’s accession to the European Union in 2013 – has reached a worrying scale.

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Betrayed Agreements — International Missions in the Republic of Croatia

Iznevjereni ugovori — Međunarodne misije u Republici Hrvatskoj

Author(s): Tena Erceg / Language(s): English,Croatian

Keywords: Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR); UNHCR; UNTAES; OSCE; Council of Europe; European Union; International Missions in the Republic of Croatia;

When political turmoil began in former Yugoslavia, European Community (EC) was not prepared for the conflict on the European soil. NATO sought from its members in November 1991 to act diplomatically in the Yugoslav conflict, while the U.S. which initially publicly supported Yugoslavia’s unity, later said that borders could be changed only peacefully. At the beginning of the summer 1991 the EC managed to arrange calming of tensions and withdrawal of JNA troops to the barracks, while Slovenia and Croatia agreed to delay implementation of their independence for three months. Brijuni Agreement was signed and the European Community Monitoring Mission (ECMM) was established which was supposed to oversee implementation of the agreement. At the same time Peace Conference on Yugoslavia was organized and the European arbitration commission was established, the so called ‘Badinter Commission’ which dealt with the legal dimension of the collapse of Yugoslavia. But the European Community’s efforts bore no results, the intensity of war increased, the UN took on the role of the mediator and in September it declared the arms embargo for all the warring parties. At the beginning of January 1992 cessation of hostilities was achieved with the UN mediation and in February 1992 UN Security Council brought a 743 Resolution about sending 14,000 troops to the so called UNPA zones in Croatia. Although Badinter’s Commission in December 1991 still had not sent its opinion and although the UN Secretary General claimed that “premature selective recognition of Croatia’s independence could lead to catastrophic consequences”, German Minister of Foreign Affairs, Hans-Dietrich-Genscher informed the EC ministers that Germany intended to recognize independence of Croatia and Slovenia which on 15 January led to Croatia’s recognition by the EC as a whole. In the beginning of April 1992, war in Bosnia-Herzegovina started and the international community did not manage to protect safe havens in that country.

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The Alternative Report on the Implementation of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities

Alternativni izvještaj o primjeni Okvirne konvencije za zaštitu nacionalnih manjina

Author(s): Ljubomir Mikić / Language(s): English,Croatian

Keywords: Serb National Council; Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities;

The Serb National Council (SNC), a national coordination of councils of Serb national minority representatives, is an elected political, advisory and coordination entity that operates as a self-government of Serbs in the Republic of Croatia. The SNC is engaged with the protection and promotion of Serbs’ human, civil and ethnic rights, and issues of their identity, participation and integration into Croatian society.The SNC was founded per the Erdut Agreement and the Letter of the Croatian Government about the completion of peaceful reintegration, which guarantees the Serb minority self-government as well as the right to organise as based upon the centuries old tradition of Serb self-government: from church/popular parliaments, to legislative and political acts which regulated the position of Serbs in the 13th and 14th century, to the documents of the National Antifascist Council. It was established in 1997, in Zagreb, at the initiative of the Alliance of Serb Organisations (SKD Prosvjeta, Serb Democratic Forum, Community of Rijeka and Istria Serbs and Joint Council of Municipalities) and among the founders were also the Idependent Democratic Serb Party (SDSS) , Baranja Democratic Forum, Association of refugee and displaced Serbs, representatives of parts of the Serb Orthodox Church (SPC) church municipalities, members of parliament and prominent individuals.

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UNREALIZED RIGHTS AND FAILED POLICIES: Representation of national minorities in the state administration and judiciary

Neostvarena prava i promašene politike: Zastupljenost nacionalnih manjina u državnoj upravi, pravosuđu i policiji

Author(s): Slađana Božić,Ljubomir Mikić / Language(s): English,Croatian

Keywords: Croatian Constitutional Act on the Rights of National Minorities;

The Croatian Constitutional Act on the Rights of National Minorities, adopted in 2002 with a two-thirds majority of all MPs, stipulates special rights and freedoms of persons belonging to national minorities in order to enable their active and effective participation in public affairs and public life at all levels. Minorities in Croatia are thus guaranteed the right to proportional representation in the state administration, police and judicial bodies. This right is to be exercised using population fi gures from offi cial census results. According to the latest 2011 census, minorities comprise 7.67%, and Serbs 4.36%, of the total population of Croatia.

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Historical Revisionism, Hate Speech and Violence Against Serbs in 2018

Historijski revizionizam, govor mržnje i nasilje prema Srbima u 2018.

Author(s): / Language(s): English,Croatian

Keywords: Historical revisionism; hate speech; violence against Serbs; relativization of the Independent State of Croatia; ustasha regime; heritage Independent State of Croatia; nationalism;

Pučka pravobraniteljica Lora Vidović objavila je 20. novembra 2018. godine analizu naslovljenu: Relativizacija zločina NDH narušava temeljne vrijednosti Ustava, a izostanak reakcija otvara prostor mržnji. U tom tekstu proziva čitav niz državnih i crkvenih institucija te desnocivilnih organizacija za toleriranje i poticanje rehabilitacije nasljeđa tzv. Nezavisne Države Hrvatske i ustaškog režima. Analiza pučke pravobraniteljice svakim slovom pogađa suštinu onoga što se u 2018. Godini iskristaliziralo kao predominantan trend u javnom prostoru, s posebnim naglaskom na djelovanju Rimokatoličke crkve, Hrvatske radiotelevizije, raznih ratno-veteranskih udruženja, desnih udruga civilnog društva, ali i samih vrhova državne vlasti. Tako, primjerice, kaže: “Unatoč tome, eksplicitni ustaški ili nacistički simboli ili oni koji asociraju na ustaški pokret prisutni su u javnom prostoru u Hrvatskoj. Tako se posljednjih godina tiskaju knjige, pišu i objavljuju članci i intervjui, održavaju tribine, snimaju dokumentarni filmovi i emitiraju televizijske emisije u kojima se negira ili umanjuje zločinački karakter NDH. Osim u huškačkim i nacionalistički obojenim medijima, ovakvi stavovi iznose se i u službenom glasilu Katoličke crkve, a prodrli su i u prevladavajuće medije, uključujući i na javnu televiziju.” [...]

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The Alternative Report on the Implementation of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities for the period 2015 — 2019

Alternativni izvještaj o primjeni Okvirne konvencije za zaštitu nacionalnih manjina u Republici Hrvatskoj za razdoblje 2015 — 2019.

Author(s): Ljubomir Mikić / Language(s): English,Croatian

Keywords: Serb National Council; alternative report; Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities; Croatia; Serbs in Croatian society;

Alternativni izvještaj izradilo je Srpsko nacionalno vijeće (SNV). Izvještaj obuhvaća razdoblje od 2015. do 2019. i njime se želi dati doprinos razmatanju primjene Okvirne konvencije za zaštitu nacionalnih manjina (OKZNM) u Republici Hrvatskoj (RH) u okviru 5. kruga praćenja. Ovim izvještajem SNV nastavlja praksu izrade alternativnih izvještaja o primjeni OKZNM-a u Republici Hrvatskoj (RH), koja je započela u prethodnom (četvrtom) krugu praćenja, izradom alternativnog izvještaja SNV-a o primjeni OKZNM-a za razdoblje od 2009 do 2014. [...]

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Historical Revisionism, Hate Speech and Violence Against Serbs in 2019

Historijski revizionizam, govor mržnje i nasilje prema Srbima u 2019.

Author(s): Saša Milošević / Language(s): English,Croatian

Keywords: Historical revisionism; hate speech; violence against Serbs; nationalism; European Parliament elections; national minorities; Serbs in Croatia; politics of Serbian minority;

U maju 2019. godine odvijala se kampanja za izbore za Europski parlament na kojima je sudjelovala i Samostalna demokratska srpska stranka (SDSS), vodeća stranka Srba u Hrvatskoj, koja ima tri saborska zastupnika u aktualnom sazivu Hrvatskog sabora. SDSS je odlučio izaći na izbore u uvjetima u kojima je cijela zemlja jedna izborna jedinica te na kojima valja osvojiti minimalno 5% glasova kako bi se dobio mandat u Europskom parlamentu. Iskorak je to kojim je jedna manjinska stranka ušla u arenu borbe za svog predstavnika u Europskoj uniji pod nekoliko velikih slogana u kojima se dovitljivo kombinirala ćirilica i latinica, odašiljajući poruku da je i Srbima mjesto u Europi, ali i da proširenje Europske unije na zapadni Balkan mora biti jedan od prioriteta europske politike. Središnja poruka SDSS-a u toj je kampanji bila “Znate li kako je biti Srbin u Hrvatskoj?”, što je odzvanjalo s mnogobrojnih SDSS-ovih plakata, a odgovor na pitanje iz poruke nametnuo se sâm od sebe, i to u vidu samih činova koji su tema ovog Biltena — razina huškačkih, prijetećih i mrzilačkih poruka koje su se ubrzo našle na tim plakatima, u količini kao ni na jednim drugima, učinila je kampanju SDSS-a uspješnom, a politički cilj ostvarenim. Bez obzira na to što SDSS nije dobio dovoljno glasova da bi dobio predstavnika u Europskom parlamentu, doista je odgovoreno na, na prvi pogled, retoričko pitanje: “Znate li kako je biti Srbin u Hrvatskoj?”. [...]

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Historic Revisionism, Hate Speech and Violence Against Serbs in 2020

Historijski revizionizam, govor mržnje i nasilje prema Srbima u 2020.

Author(s): Tihomir Ponoš / Language(s): English,Croatian

Keywords: Hate Speech and Violence; Serbs as a minority in Croatia; Prohibition policies; victims of war; Cyrillic script in Vukovar; extremism; Denying national minorities' identities;

The parliamentary general election took place on the first Sunday of July. The Independent Democratic Serb Party stood candidates for the election, drawing the public's attention with its campaign, conducted under the slogan “be what you are, respect what you're not” — more specifically, with the three videos it released as part of the campaign. In the first video, waiters are setting up a restaurant terrace to host a wedding; a female waitress posts a sign at the entrance, kindly asking the arrivals not to sing Ustasha songs, as there are Serbs among the invitees. The second video, called “Pupi's to blame for everything” drew most public attention. IDSP president Milorad Pupovac is the protagonist in the self-ironic and witty video, which lays blame for absolutely everything at his feet: from the Nineties war, all the way to planning on micro-chipping the population with Bill Gates and setting up the second wave of coronavirus infections in Croatia. The third video depicts the construction of a small wooden bridge in the Banija region, which made life easier for a Serb family. The video was filmed at the location where a bridge used to exist. The motto of the video is “bridges connect people, fools destroy them — don't be a fool”.

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Historic revisionism, Hate Speech and Violence Against Serbs in 2021

Historijski revizionizam, govor mržnje i nasilje prema Srbima u 2021.

Author(s): Tihomir Ponoš,Nikola Vukobratović / Language(s): English,Croatian

Keywords: Hate speech in Croatia; Serbs in Croatia; BBB support group; Chetnik movements; Pantovčak; Revisionism; Incidents in Vukovar; verbal intimidation; Discrimination;

The Bulletin before you gives an overview of events in 2021 that were motivated by prejudice, intolerance and hatred of Serbs in Croatia. It goes beyond the framework of official statistics, making use of a series of more or less familiar events to show how society breathes, thus bearing witness to an atmosphere that is very much present, yet is not always visible in numbers, nor publicly recognised and acknowledged as problematic. In fact, things need to be told like they are — in Croatia, even today, deep into the 21st century, Serb ethnic origin is still subject to intolerance and hate. The reactions elicited by the messages, sentences, drawings and other expressions of hatred towards Serbs, that is, most often their absence, or indeed denial of the problem, are no more than burying our collective heads in the sand and downplaying the significance of such expressions. This way, the moment when new generations will be able to grow up without having to learn not to accept the other merely due to their ethnic origin, is in increasing abeyance. This is why the exceptional value of this overview lies precisely in its power to raise awareness of the problems faced by people around Croatia merely because they or their family members are, or are even just assumed to be, Serbs. Likewise, this Bulletin can serve as a kind of traffic-light warning for all those tasked with bringing about positive changes, including by all means the relevant ministries — of the Interior, Justice or Education, as well as the State Attorney's Office and judges, not omitting politicians at all levels — with clear indicators of the deviations that in a democratic society should not have the status of acceptable patterns of behaviour.

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Alternative Report on the Implementation of the ICERD in Croatia

Alternativni izvještaj o primjeni ICERD u Republici Hrvatskoj

Author(s): Ljubomir Mikić / Language(s): English,Croatian

Keywords: Alternative Report; ICERD in Croatia; hate speech and violence against Serbs; prevention and prosecution of all cases of hate crimes and other ethnically motivated violence; economic and social disparities between regions; inter-ethnic tolerance;

This alternative report has been drafted with the aim of examining the implementation of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD) in the Republic of Croatia. It represents an alternative source of information with reference to the country report on the implementation of the Convention for the period 2007 — 2018. The substance of the report is focussed on the practical application and effects of selected provisions in the Convention with regard to Serbs, who make up the most numerous ethnic minority in the country. Serbs' position in the Croatian society is largely determined by the legacy of inter-ethnic intolerance and the armed conflict of the early 90s, due to which they have been continuously exposed to greater risk of racial discrimination in relation to other social groups. The Alternative Report comprehensively lists the weaknesses and problems in the implementation of national anti-discrimination regulations and policies. It places a special emphasis on considerations regarding adequate investigation, prosecuting and sanctioning, as well as public condemnation and prevention, of hate speech and violence against Serbs. While recognising that a certain degree of progress has been achieved during the reporting period, the Alternative Report also draws attention to the still-present problems of sustainability of the return and reintegration of Serbs who had fled, or had been displaced, their access to their rights, as well as the inconsistent and problematic process of realising certain legally guaranteed rights and freedoms. The report suggests that the Croatian authorities' public expressions of dedication to the struggle against racial discrimination need to be substantially and comprehensively reaffirmed by consistent and decisive action to implement anti-discrimination regulations and policies, which is as yet lacking, as well as prompt and unambiguous public condemnation of inter-ethnic violence and hate crime, hate speech and other manifestations of intolerance towards Serbs.

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