The question of structuring
Pitanje strukturiranja
Uz Ante Armanini, Nosorog i paradoksalna ruža (1987.)
More...Uz Ante Armanini, Nosorog i paradoksalna ruža (1987.)
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Keywords: cost damping; non-market goods valuation; modelling consumer preferences; discrete choice experiment; discrete choice models
The paper investigates the importance of the so called ‘cost damping’ effect, understood as decreasing (in absolute terms) marginal utility of cost incurred by consumers. The effect was observed in many empirical studies applying discrete choice models, however, its presence is difficult to justify in the light of neoclassical economic theory. It has been proposed that cost damping can occur due to model mis-specification in the form of not accounting for preference heterogeneity. My analysis suggest otherwise – although the strength of the effect differs with respect to the assumptions regarding the functional form of the distribution of preferences in the population, the effect itself remains statistically significant. The analysis was conducted in the context of preferences regarding public forests management programs in Poland.
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Keywords: firm growth; system GMM; dynamic probit model; variance decomposition
The article concerns the issue of Polish listed companies growth in 1998−2012. The first part discusses the theories of enterprises growth and a review of current empirical research. In the research part we presented an analysis of the factors affecting growth of Polish listed companies using the Generalized Method of Moments system estimator. Moreover, dynamic probit model was used to assess the impact of each variable on the chances of becoming a fast growth firm in Poland. Results revealed the key role of innovation in ensuring rapid growth of Polish firms. In addition, the decomposition of firmsʼ growth variance was done, including both macroeconomic, structural and financial variables.
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Keywords: immigration; Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition; Juhn-Murphy-Pierce decomposition
In this paper the size of immigrant wage gap in United Kingdom is compared between different countries of origin. Based on the data from Labour Force Survey, the wage differential was decomposed using Oaxaca-Blinder and Juhn-Murphy-Pierce methods. Results suggest, that the immigrant population is not homogenous. Classification, proposed in the paper, include highly developed, postcolonial, less-developed countries and new EU member states. The highest level of wage discrimination was found among last two groups, reaching between 10 and 25%. One can also observe the lack of country-specific skills and stronger motivation to work among immigrants from the bottom of wage distribution.
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Keywords: endogenous fertility; calculation OLG model; system maintenance; subsidies
The paper takes the issue of perception of the offspring as a public good in PAYG pension schemes. Endogenous choices of individual agents leads to suboptimal fertility. Government intervention may lead to increased prosperity. The paper analyzes the effects of enriching the PAYG system with the elements of the maintenance system, binding directly the amount of pension to the fertility of the couple. As an alternative scenario of the interference of the state, introducing subsidy that reduces the cost of bringing up children was considered. Moreover, the scenario allowing the possibility of a combination of all policies listed above was taken into account as well. The results of the simulations indicate clearly that government intervention has a positive effect on social welfare. The conclusions are consistent with the literature taking on that subject on a theoretical level.
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Keywords: new trade theory; Melitz model; exports; firms
Rapidly expanding literature on the new strand in the new trade theory and empirical research in this area indicate factors which can positively influence export participation of firms. The analysis presented in this study concentrates on verifying which barriers met by the European firms are significant constraints to their exports with an aim of ascertaining if problems identified at the microeconomic level may have their roots in macroeconomic situation. Estimation results indicate that the probability of exporting depends on a combination of a wide set of firms’ characteristics. Country-level macroeconomic and institutional conditions are responsible for a considerable part of country specific determinants of firms’ export and significantly influence participation in the international trade. The level of economic development, economic freedom and financial market regulations are important determinants of export decisions. The constraints perceived by the European entrepreneurs have rather limited direct impact on a probability of being exporter, however they influence negatively firms’ main competitiveness factor − TFP. Moreover, the analysis suggests that government policy going beyond creating friendly business environment and supporting the development of financial institutions is not effective. Any kind of public support, even directed to particular firms, does not increase their international competitiveness.
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Keywords: bankruptcy of enterprises; discriminate analysis; logit model; the effectiveness of prognostic
This article describes the issues of early warning of the risk of bankruptcy in the construction sector, comparing the discriminate analysis and the logit model. In a market economy, with ever-increasing competition and payment gridlocks, anticipating danger of bankruptcy of enterprises is gaining importance. This paper aims to build a discriminatory and logit model to predict the bankruptcy of construction companies on data from the period of economic downturn of a learning sample, consisting of 98 companies. The nature of application results of research carried out in the article on the learning sample relates to the use of the estimated model to predict the bankruptcy of enterprises in the Polish economy, in good times in the construction industry, on a test sample consisting of 44 construction companies for one year and two years before the bankruptcy. The study uses financial data from the information service EMIS and Polish Monitor B, of 71 construction companies that formally respectively in 2014 or 2013 (for the learning sample) and 2009 (for the test sample) filed for bankruptcy and 71 construction companies that continue to operate at least one year following the period considered.
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Za vrijeme snimanja filma Maršal u Svetvinčentu družim se najviše sa starom Anđom, koja na setu u pauzama dijeli hranu. Iako ima više od sedamdeset godina, iako još uvijek govori kao lica iz Brešanovih komedija, sva je brza, okretna, živahna, neumorna.
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Negdje po sredini moga životnog puta, eto, i ja sam se našao u nekoj slijepoj ulici jer je pravi put, ta diritta via, bio izgubljen. Mislio sam da je u takvoj situaciji najbolje sjesti i nešto pisati. Samo ne memoare! Uostalom pitanje je da li sam ih uopće imao. Ogorčenja je bilo dosta. Ali memoara? Od čega, od ogorčenja?
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Kuća je svakako bila boje cimeta. Ili je ipak bila boje sepije, povremeno i okera. A nije li ih jednog ljeta, više se Agnes Voznesensky ne sjeća koja je to bila godina, dočekala u novoj odori, boji višnje? Djed koji je bio tvrd na paru odriješio je kesu i svoju veliku kuću u obliku slova L koja je obujmljivala nisku od dvanaest soba i avlijsku kuhinju, a bila je dugačka samo u jednoj ulici četrdeset a u drugoj dvadeset i pet metara, svoju je veliku prizemnicu dao obojadisati u tu za ondašnje vrijeme kraja šezedesetih, neuobičajenu boju.
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Svira. Melodija je razigrana, teče; ne mogu je razložiti u pojedinačne udarce po tipkama, onako kako se riječ u koju dugo buljim raspadne u niz mrtvih slova.
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Započinjući pisanje nikada nisam obraćao pozornost na svoje ruke. To činim ovom prilikom. Potreba da obratim pozornost na vlastite ruke proizišla je iz teme o kojoj upravo pišem: o rukama, o autoru Traktata o ruci Ranku Marinkoviću, našim susretima i suradnji na istoimenoj književno–grafičkoj mapi.
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U krležološkoj literaturi vrlo se rijetko spominje Krležina veza sa Zadrom i zadarskim kulturnim naslijeđem. Primjerice, u kapitalnoj Lasićevoj Kronologiji1 nema ni spomena o Krležinim boravcima u Zadru pa ni posebnog osvrtanja na njegove tekstove o »zlatu i srebru Zadra«. Vjerojatno je Lasić te eseje smatrao običnim »nusproduktom« opsežnih pripremnih poslova za veliku Izložbu srednjovjekovne umjetnosti naroda Jugoslavije koju je Krleža postavio 1950. u Parizu.
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Usmjerit ću ovaj ogled odmah na dvije strane: njegov kraći, usporedno–prosudbeni pogled bit će na čas upravljen lirskom urodu iz moderne, kao i iz suvremene njemačke književnosti, nekima mojim saznanjima oko imena autora, s kojima bi Luko Paljetak na bilo koji način mogao biti mjerljiv — kao što su Hofmannsthalovo, Ringelnatzovo, Kästnerovo, Eichovo, Huchelovo, Bobrowskoga i Enzensbergera, odnosno iskustvima što sam ih stekao proučavajući i poučavajući tu literaturu čitav radni vijek.
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Možemo li zamisliti da bi danas netko smotru Documente u Kasselu s njezinim projektima, izložbama, idejnim nacrtima budućnosti, tu zacijelo najznačajniju manifestaciju pogona suvremene umjetnosti, a da taj »netko« ni po čemu ne pripada anonimnome mnoštvu demokratizirane mase idiota što čuče iza busije interaktivnih medija bljujući svoje nesuvisle komentare, naprosto nazvao — cirkusom šarlatana? Taj netko nije bio, dakako, »nitko« i »ništa« te 1972. godine, već jedan od najznačajnijih mislilaca druge polovine 20. stoljeća, čija se sabrana djela poput Heideggerovih tiskaju kod uglednoga izdavača Klostermanna u Frankfurtu na Majni. Riječ je, dakako, o Arnoldu Gehlenu. Poznato je kako je Gehlen uz Maxa Schelera i Helmutha Plessnera najznačajniji predstavnik filozofijske antropologije.
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U svojoj estetici likovne umjetnosti, objavljenoj 1960. pod naslovom Vremenske slike, Arnold Gehlen pita se o uvjetima mogućnosti modernoga slikarstva — o mogućnostima proizvodnje i recepcije likovne umjetnosti u društvu što ga Gehlen karakterizira kao »post–građansko« i »post–tradicionalno«. Ta mogućnost nije dana, a da bi se to razumjelo samo po sebi. Gehlen bi bez problema mogao potpisati rečenicu s kojom započinje Adornova Estetska teorija: »Samorazumljivim je postalo da ništa što se tiče umjetnosti više nije samorazumljivo, niti u njoj, niti u njezinom odnosu prema cjelini, pa čak niti u njezinom pravu na egzistenciju«.
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Polazište mojih promišljanja je dijagnostička teza da tendencije ukidanja granica u umjetnosti tijekom posljednjih četrdeset do pedeset godina suprotno često iznošenim pretpostavkama ne napadaju ideju estetske autonomije kao takve, nego samo njezin objektivistički nesporazum, kakav se između ostaloga očituje u ideji promatračke nezavisnosti umjetnosti. To i način na koji je umjetnost tijekom posljednjih dekada bila usmjerena na promatrača ne proizlazi iz nekog umjetnosti stranog zanimanja za promatrača, nego iz činjenice da umjetnost uzima ozbiljno vlastitu estetičnost, a to znači: svoj zahtjev za estetskom autonomijom.
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Pitanje gdje umjetnost prestaje biti umjetnost, dakle, pitanje o granicama umjetnosti središnje je pitanje za Gehlenovu estetiku. A gdje prestaje umjetnost za Gehlena? — Gehlen je uzor i za današnju filozofiju umjetnosti utoliko što na to pitanje ne odgovara upućujući na neku metafizičku bit umjetnosti; ali i time što ne istražuje transcendentalne uvjete estetskoga suda. Ne, Gehlen se okreće etabliranoj umjetnosti svojeg vremena, traži vodeću estetsku koncepciju i pita koje mjesto ona zauzima u kulturi društva, koju zadaću tamo ispunjava i želi ispuniti. A pritom Gehlen izravno ili neizravno odgovara i na pitanje o granicama umjetnosti. To određenje granica umjetnosti odvija se kod Gehlena takoreći ex negativo: naime, time što uvriježena razgraničenja umjetnosti svojega vremena podvrgava kritici, te ih nerijetko s upravo kauzističkom duhovitošću razotkriva kao besmislice.
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Slavenka Drakulić: Dora i Minotaur; Moj život s Picassom. Fraktura, Zaprešić, 2015. Hrvoje Jurić: Uglavnom pridjevi. Algoritam/Stanek, Zagreb/Mostar, 2014. Jelena Buinac: Ostavila sam ključ srca pod kamenom. SKD Prosvjeta, Zagreb, 2014. Damir Grubić: Rukohvat riječi. Litteris, Zagreb, 2014. Dijana Vlatković i Borjana Prošev– Oliver: Hrvatsko–makedonski rječnik — Хрватско–македонски речник. Matica Makedonaca u Hrvatskoj, Zagreb, 2015. Antun Gustav Matoš, Poznańskie studia slawistyczne, 2014, 7.
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