Ediţia academică I. L. Caragiale
The last article written by the author for România literară before he died. The author writes about the publication of Caragiale's "Opere" by Editura Univers Enciclopedic.
More...We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.
The last article written by the author for România literară before he died. The author writes about the publication of Caragiale's "Opere" by Editura Univers Enciclopedic.
More...
In issue no. 44 of 2001, România Literară published (after The New York Review of Books) an extended text about Romania written by the American political philosopher Tony Judt. This text was accompanied by an editorial comment. Tony Judt's text determined strong remarks in the whole Romanian media. România Literară publishes now an interview with Tony Judt (with D.R.Popa).
More...
The article begins with the slogan of a Romanian TV station "Acasa TV" (Home TV) which says: "Locul tău e acasă" (Your place is at home). The author says that although the message is scandalous, it is in concordance with the traditional clichees that are yet functioning in Romania according to which the women sit at home and raise the children. The author discusses about the telenovelas (the soap operas) that are very popular in a certain segment in Romania and the characters in these telenovelas, as well as about a TV broadcast called "De 3 ori femeie" (Three Times a Woman).
More...
This article provides an overview of e-books and e-readers. In the first section the author describes what the e-book is and presents its history, formats, as well growth of e-book stores and e-libraries. Next, she looks at the e-books market in the United States and several European countries, including Poland.
More...
One of the major experiences of those who survived the First World War was the experience:“The soldiers are singing!”. This is especially (but not exclusively) true for the first days of the war and the enlistment period. Soldiers’ songs were an integral part of the cultural traditions of 19th-century men. The war changes the conditions of life not only for the members of the army but also for the whole society by recruiting a major part of the male population. Former soldiers’ songs may pick up additional meanings and new songs may be composed. Our study of soldiers’ songs from the First World War (that is those that were sang or collected at the time) shows that beside hatred, the defense of the country and putting the blame on the enemy, the main topics are conceit, manliness and courage. We have to remember that the army was traditionally seen as the symbol of transition from boy to man, the former members of the armed forces were to become full – male – members of the local communities. Despite the fact that the majority of the songs sung in the First World War was connected to past events, primarily to the War of Independence of 1848–49, it seems that, unlike in Germany, self-sacrifice in the war became a less organic part of the national ideology in Hungary. The main topics are parting, being far away and the relations to the mother and the lover. I believe that the momentum in the War that created a sense of national identity was mourning and loss and not the myth of heroism.
More...
The 19th century was eventful in both Spain and France. Although the diplomatic relations of the two countries had less and less to do with the “good neighbourhood” principle, the bordering zone of the Pyrenees always offered an asylum and a logistic base for those who were prosecuted by the regime, whether liberals under Ferdinand VII, royalists during the Liberal Triennium (1820–1823) or Carlists during the three Carlist Wars. Moreover, during the last Carlist War (1872–1876) the French, disappointed by the Empire and frightened by the Commune, showed a kind of sympathy towards the exiled Monarch whom they regarded as legitimate, and despite the diplomatic pressure from Madrid for the prosecution and deportation of the Pretender’s supporters in the name of good neighbourhood, Paris and the French local authorities – including some notables, aristocrats and clergymen – received them with a kind of indulgence or even sympathy.
More...
The aim of this study is to outline the Hungarian connections of the Augustineum (Caesareo- Regium Sublimioris Presbyterorum Educationis ad Sanctum Augustinum Institutum Viennense, in Hungarian: Szent Ágostonról nevezett Bécsi Felsőbb Papnevelő Intézet), a special institution of ecclesiastical elite education of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy. This task is very important. Neither the history of the Augustineum, nor the role it played within the Monarchy can be discussed without an analysis of the Hungarian contribution. During the existence of the institution between 1816 and 1918, 372 students were admitted from the dioceses of the Holy Hungarian Crown. This amounts to about 35% of the total number of students.The number of Latin-Rite students was 321. Among these, the Province of Esztergom was represented by 146 persons, the Provinces of Kalocsa-Bács and Zágráb by 118 (61 from Croatian dioceses), and the Province of Eger by 43. There were also 14 monks studying largely at their own expense. The number of students of the Greek Rites was 51. In the selection of the students the archbishop of Esztergom as the prince-primate of the country played a fundamental role. After the first decades of a different practice, he was the only one who could make a proposal to the monarch for the admission of new students. Yet the dioceses of the country were represented in appropriate proportions. The slightly overrepresented status of the Province of Esztergom (and the arch-diocese, 35 persons) can be explained by the fact that its seminar in Vienna, the Pazmaneum, provided suitable and readily available people for studies in higher education. The Hungarian contribution to the operation of the Augustineum was proportionate to the number of Hungarian students. [....]
More...
Conflict of law rules differ from state to state and therefore can encourage persons to evade those conflict norms to achieve the better law or better court. The main purpose of European Community legal tools for private international law is to ensure the same rules for all the member states in order to achieve proper functioning of judicial area. But the unification of law in European Community doesn’t cover all fields and therefore exists possibilities for law shopping. Law shopping and forum shopping can develop into evasion of conflict norms and in such a case it's against the basic principle of law - that no law can arise from illegal action. Article analyses legal consequences for persons who evade conflict of law norms. Authors analyses the concept of law shopping, forum shopping and evasion of law. The definition of law shopping and forum shopping are ambiguous. On the one hand, person can choose more appropriate law for legal… More information can be found in the article. Straipsnyje nagrinėjami valstybių kolizinių normų skirtumai bei nepakankama kolizinių normų harmonizacija, kuri sudaro prielaidas atsirasti teisės bei teismo pirkimui (atitinkamai angl. law shopping bei angl. forum shopping), o pastarųjų egzistavimas - piktnaudžiavimu teise, teisės apėjimu (pranc. froid à la loi). Viena vertus, laisvas taikytinos teisės ir teismo pasirinkimas yra visuotinai pripažįstamo šalių autonomijos principo išdava. Kita vertus, kai viena ar abi ginčo šalys siekia kuo palankesnio teismo sprendimo, piktnaudžiaudamos teise pasirinkti taikytiną teisę ar teismą kitos proceso šalies teisių sąskaita, pažeidžiami visuotinai įtvirtinti sąžiningumo, protingumo bei teisingumo principai. Piktnaudžiavimas taikytinos teisės kolizinėmis normomis sukelia teisinį netikrumą, pasekmės gali būti visiškai nenuspėjamos. Pasaulyje yra daugiau nei du šimtai teisės sistemų ir kiekviena iš jų tą patį teisinį santykį gali reglamentuoti savitai... Daugiau informacijos ieškoti straipsnyje.
More...
The main aim of this work is to answer to the question of how will the EU financial regulatory and supervision reform will impact the development of the fundamental principles of Lithuanian financial market regulation. For this reason in the first part of this article determines the concept of legal principle and the typology of the principles of financial regulation and supervision. The second part is dedicated for the understanding of the EU financial regulatory and supervision reform and in the last part of this article the author examines one of the most important tasks of the financial markets – prevention and management of the systemic risk, which leads to the understanding of the framework of Lithuanian financial markets regulation and supervision. This analysis shows that there is no doubt that European Union financial regulatory and supervision reform will have a major impact on the fundamental principles of Lithuanian financial market regulation. Straipsnio autorius siekdamas išsiaiškinti, kaip ES finansų reguliavimo ir priežiūros reforma įtakos pagrindinių Lietuvos finansų rinkos reguliavimo principų vystymuisi šiame straipsnyje iškėlė hipotezę – ES finansų reguliavimo ir priežiūros reforma turės esminės įtakos pagrindiniams Lietuvos finansų rinkos reguliavimo principams. Tuo tikslu šiame straipsnyje yra (i) apibrėžiami pagrindiniai finansų teisės principai bei analizuojama šių principų praktinis pritaikymas skirtingose finansų rinkos reguliavimo ir priežiūros sistemose, (ii) analizuojami naujai kuriamos ES finansų rinkos reguliavimo ir priežiūros sistemos reglamentuojantys teisės aktai bei jų galima įtaka valstybių narių teisėkūrai (iii) analizuojama dabartinė Lietuvos finansų rinkos priežiūros sistema ir ją reglamentuojantys teisės aktai; bei (v) įvertinama ES finansų reguliavimo ir priežiūros reformos įtaka atskirų pagrindinių Lietuvos finansų rinkų reguliavimo principų vystymuisi.
More...