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The creation of the independent state of the Republic of Macedonia in 1991 provoked strong reactions from the neighbouring state of Greece, which refused to recognise this new state claiming that its name and national symbols belong exclusively to its own hellenic cultural heritage. In this article, the central concern is with the capital importance of names in relation to their symbolic, identificatory, and threatening contents for national groups. Behind proper names there are hidden significations, specific language uses, memories and social representations. We will examine the contribution of the work philosophers of mind related to the social dimension of naming, and we will draw on empirical research to illustrate the capital role of naming in the elaboration of a common reality and to suggest a better understanding in social psychology of the relation between the symbolic language of representations and the dialectics of social memory.
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This article contains a survey of the material kept at the Archives of the Institute of Oriental Studies of Sarajevo. The survey consists of two parts- the original material and material on microfilms and photocopies. In the chapter Original Material a survey has been given of holdings and collections of the original material kept at the Archives. The collection Manuscripta turcica contains material from the 16th through 19th centuries. In three inventory books 7.156 numbers have been entered. The collection contains fermans, berats, bujruldijas, court decisions, extracts from summary defters, financial documents, etc. A supplement to this collection contains summaries of several more interesting documents. The collection of sidžils. This collections contains 66 sidžils (bookkeeping registers of local courts) from the middle of the 19th century to the end of the Ottoman rule in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The importance of theses sources for the study of history of various regions has been emphasized. At the end a summary survey of the number of sidžils of definite kadiluks and the years they comprise has been provided. The holdings of Vilajetski arhiv. Theses are the biggest holdings of the Archives of the Institute and they number about 200.000 documents. They contain material which appeared in the last thirty years or so of the Turkish administration in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Regesta for about 6.000 subjects have been made addition to individual documents, 450 books have been preserved, as well as protocols which registered shipped and received material, with dates of shipment and receipt and a brief summary of documents. The supplement to these holdings brings a number of summaries of more interesting documents. The collection of tapijas. Tapijas are documents concerning proprietorship of land. All the tapijas in the collection date from the second half of the 19th century. This material is classified according to kadiluks and inside this classification, according to years. In the chapter on Microfilms and Photocopied Material, a survey of photographed material in this country and abroad has been provided. In this country microfilming of a certain number of Turkish documents from Dubrovnik, Skoplje, Zagreb and Sarajevo has been carried out; the same thing has been done abroad - in Paris, Vienna, Warsaw, Ankara and Istanbul. Doubtless the most valuable and numerous material comes from Istanbul, the seat for many years of the Ottoman Empire. Defters concerning all Yugoslav lands have been primarily filmed. The article provides a survey of defters dealing with individual sanjaks, whose photocopies are kept at the Institute Archives. Also filmed has been a part of the material concerning the First Serbian Uprising. At the end of the survey a brief review of editions of Turkish sources and some studies resulting from work on these sources prepared by men from the Oriental Institute has been given.
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In memoriam to Omer Mušić (1903-1972) In memoriam to Besim Korkut (1904-1975) In memoriam to Hasan Kaleši (1922-1976) In memoriam to Muhamed Tajib Okić (1902-1977)
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The present paper, written on the occasion of the 25,th anniversary of the Institute For Oriental Studies, offers a survey of development and work of that institution. The Institute was founded at the time when the young Federal State of Bosnia and Herzegovina made great strides forward, in almost all fields of human activity. In such conditions, the idea to prepare the staff and institutions for the field of Oriental Studies came into being, and as a result, the Institute for Oriental Studies was founded in 1950. According to the decree by which the Institute was founded, its basic tasks were also determined. They were as follows: collecting, preserving, study and publishing of the archives and manuscripts in oriental languages, as well to as study literature and art in these parts. In 25 years, since the founding of the Institute, it has become a unique and important research institution, as well as the institution in which the archives and manuscripts are being studied. The most important task of the Institute, and its main activity, invaluable wealth of archives-material and manuscripts are kept at the Institute library. Besides keeping of the original archives, a considerable effort was made to make micro-films of the materials relevant to this country; the materials found in the archives of the foreign countries. So, in the course of several years, about hundred land-registers were filmed on about 20.000 copies. Afterwards, more intensive efforts were made to collect the literary materials from different sources in the country, and abroad. At the moment, the collection of manuscripts, with about 5.000 of manuscripts, with almost fifteen thousands of works, belongs among the most numerous manuscript sources in our country. The Institute puts out the periodical under the title »Contributions to Oriental Philology«, as well as the publications Monumenta turcica and special editions. The publication »Contributions to Oriental Philology«, in the course of its twenty-five years long life, gathered a large number of contributors, the Institute staff in the first place, but also a considerable number of people from outside the Institute. Most works deal with the history of the Ottoman period, then with the study of literature, with works of our writers, written in Oriental languages; as well as the study of Arabic, Turkish and Persian, and the study of architecture and art. Important and larger sources in Turkish are published in the form of Monumenta Turcica. That publication is published serially: laws and regulations, defters, sidjils, waqufnamas, fermans, berats, and other sources. More important results of the research done in the Institute, are publislhed in Special Editions. Except for the above editions, the Institute staff publish their work through other publishing houses. In that way, some more voluminous works, which were the direct result of the work of the Institute were published.
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Oriental Institute's publication and bibliography overview
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Among the rare, well-preserved original manuscripts of waqufnamas from the earlier period of the Ottoman rule in the Yugoslav lands, a collection of the waqufnamas from Mostar which are kept in Ghazi Husref-bey's library in Sarajevo, has a very special place. The present author pointed out certain peculiarities in the contents of the waqufnamas written in the second half of the XVIth century, in comparison with other waqufnamas from other parts of the Yugoslav lands from the same period. The author, primarily, emphasised the fact that those waqufnamas were written in a fine, correct Arabic, in a natural, in a concise manner, without any unnecessary additions, at the time when the Arabic language had long since been going through the stage of decadence on its original territory. It has especially been pointed out, that both, introductory parts of the waqufnama, which by its nature had been written in carefully picked words and in a pompous style, and all other parts, in which it was difficult to achieve the same style since the subject-matter which consisted of the object of the waquf required the vocabulary for common, everyiday use and the simple style of writing, were written in the same style. There is no monotony or dryness of the style, but they keep the attention of the reader b their simple but forceful sentences, as if a literary work and not a waqufnama were in question! All the above has been illustrated by the author's reviews of some parts of those waqufnamas in his own translation into Serbo-Croatian. Pointing out those parts of the waqufnamas in which the reminiscences of the waqif on the life in this world, its transistoriness and worthlesness, about man's place in it, and the eternity of the other world, all of which were an introduction for the very act of the creation of the waquf, which was to make the memory of the waqif eternal the present author believes that such meditations, interwoven with the quotations from the Koran and the sayings of Muhammed, as well as the sayings taken from the wealth of Oriental-Islamic treasury, give the mentioned waqufnamas the chavacter of the specific literary texts. At this point, the author, in order to corroborate his statements, has given the certain parts of the texts of the waqufnamas in his own translation into SerboCroatian. The collection of these waquf-namas, with their specific institutions, greatly enlarged our knowledge on the role and place of the waquf in the communities in which they had been fouded. The characteristic attitudes and the institutions that give special features to these waqufnamas, had, mostly, caritative, educational and social, legal and cultural character.
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Josef Kalvoda was an active young Christian politician in Czechoslovakia. Even before the communist putsch, he had been arrested and interrogated by the State Security agency, so he was left with no option but to go into exile in November 1948. When he was abroad, he got involved in the émigré political movement, which naturally had to endure considerable disunity, personal antipathies and a lack of conceptual thought. Without giving up his patriotism, Kalvoda left for the USA, where he successfully completed his studies and became a professor of history, the author of a number of books and studies as well as an advisor to President Ronald Reagan and his government. He continued to be involved with Czech émigrés as a member of their conservative wing, with substantial anti-communist leanings. He returned to Czechoslovakia soon after the collapse of communism. Josef Kalvoda died in 1999 in the American town of Hartford.
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An interview with Manuel F. van Eyck.
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An intorview with the historian Václav Vrabec.
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