Gender, queer i edukacja. O przełamywaniu tabu w kulturze
The study discusses the notions of gender and queer with regard to educational needsand challenges, in the context of breaking cultural taboos.
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The study discusses the notions of gender and queer with regard to educational needsand challenges, in the context of breaking cultural taboos.
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The study presented in the publication was located in a qualitative methodology. The aim of the research was to understand concerns and aspirations for change in the lives of 35–42-year-old childless and unmarried women. The results have proved that the interviewees are anxious about future. Their anxiety has been exacerbated by the death of their parents, experienced loneliness, and lack of the sense of life. Since the participants had lost their hope to find a right man and thus become a wife, they began to think about being a mother only. However, their true desire was to create a full family, not one plus one model. The use of the sperm bank, an arrangement with a male friend, or a passionate affair with a stranger, were considered as possible ways for procreation. One of the most important problems of delayed motherhood envisaged by the examined women was the lack of support in childcare from grandparents.
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The work is focused on the problem of feminine identity in the contemporary world. It occupies a special place especially within French feminism, represented by the liberal feminist, Élisabeth Badinter. The latest book by this philosopher, entitled The Conflict: How Modern Motherhood Undermines the Status of Women, is a detailed study of the current views on the nature of woman as a mother who also wants to pursue her own individual needs. Taken together, these two identities, the mother and the modern woman, embody the source of that conflict of values which is the ground of the modern wom-an's identity crisis. We find the origins of women's thinking around identity in the works of the mother of European feminism, Simone de Beauvoir. Badinter continues de Beauvoir’s way of thinking and analyzes the impact of modern naturalistic thinking and the pro-maternity organization La Leche League on the prevailing status of women. In addition, Badinter indicates the special case of French women, who are the only ones to fulfill the contempo-rary model of a satisfied woman and a committed mother.
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Review of: Desperak Iza, Kuźma Inga, red. (2016) "Kobiety niepokorne. Reformatorki – buntowniczki – rewolucjonistki."; Łódź: University Publishing House Łódź; by: Krystyna Dzwonkowska-Godula
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In April 2014, Nihon Hoso Kyokai (NHK: Japan Broadcasting Company) aired a short animated film titled “Ophelia, not yet”. Ophelia, in this animation, survives, as she is a backstroke champion. This article will attempt to contextualize the complex negotiations, struggles and challenges between high culture and pop culture, between Western culture and Japanese culture, between authoritative cultural products and radicalized counterculture consumer products (such as animation), to argue that it would be more profitable to think of the relationships between highbrow/lowbrow, Western/non-Western, male versus female, heterosexual versus non-heterosexual, not simply in terms of dichotomies or domination/subordination, but in terms of reciprocal enrichment in a never-ending process of mutual metamorphoses.
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Although the issues of etiology and control of sexual violence have attracted considerable scientific attention over the past decades sexual victimization is still a serious problem in many countries around the world affecting particularly young females. Along with the tightening of repressive responses toward sexual crimes and improvements of victim protection, assistance and support measures there is a rising interest for development of prevention programs, including a long neglected primary prevention interventions. Bearing in mind the nature of sexual victimisation, its severe and long-lasting consequences and its huge dark figure, primary prevention appears to be optimal, cost-effective and most promising response in this moment, regardless of the common scepticism around the effectiveness and evaluation of primary prevention initiatives. The paper discusses the scope and significance of primary prevention within the spectrum of societal responses toward sexual violence, as well as the importance of socio-ecological platform for sexual violence prevention comprising of the measures that target both the individuals and communities aiming to change cultural norms and attitudes supportive of sexual violence and violence against women. Particular attention is paid to contemporary prevention approaches and models based on empirical evidence on risk and protective factors, and to evidentially effective primary prevention interventions.
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The paper presents the mono graphic study of Beata Rycielska, devoted to the nouns of common gender in Russian in comparison to the Polish language. The author of the book analyses selected lexical and grammatical phenomena from the perspective of cognitive grammar, in particular – the ideas of one of the founders of the cognitive linguistics movement and the creator of cognitive grammar – Ronald W. Langacker. In her work Beata Rycielska explains many linguistic aspects such as similarities and differences in the categorization of people assessment. However, the main value of the book is the logical discussion on selected phenomena in compared languages.
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The aim of the discussion is to introduce techniques of market research NPVO - not taking video observation. The paper presents the stages of the implementation process and control and legal conditions. The methodological assumptions have been described study and presented selected analyzes and conclusions from the registered video material. It also discusses the possibilities of using video cameras in market research.
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Postrzeganie kobiety jako „osobnej”, definiowanej nie przez „człowieczeństwo”, lecz przez „kobiecość” (łącznie z jej domniemanymi elementami, jak „histeryczność”), jest zjawiskiem dość powszechnym, choć nieuchwytnym. Objawia się ono choćby w tym, że nie czujemy się dziwnie, gdy usłyszymy, jak ktoś mówi o mężczyźnie: „widzę tego człowieka”. Jeżeli jednak ktoś powie „widzę tego człowieka” o kobiecie, coś nam tu nie gra, wpadamy w konsternację. W książce Osob(n)a: kobieta a personalizm Karola Wojtyły–Jana Pawła II. Doktryna i rewizja Justyna Melonowska sprawia, że znana kobietom z doświadczenia narracja o kobiecej „osobności” staje się bardziej uchwytna. Filozofka pokazuje, jak łatwo Kościół katolicki zarówno przejmuje, jak i współtworzy stereotypy i arbitralne opinie na temat „kobiecej oryginalności” przeciwstawianej „męskiemu człowieczeństwu”. Największym odkryciem Melonowskiej wydaje mi się pokazanie, że wizja kobiety u Jana Pawła II nie opiera się wyłącznie na dowartościowaniu poświęcenia się przez kobietę życiu rodzinnemu, lecz także na czymś naprawdę niebezpiecznym: na wypływającym wielokrotnie z pism papieża założeniu o różnicy w zakresie wolności między mężczyzną a kobietą, na niekorzyść kobiety.
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Social welfare services have become widespread as an alternative measure to close the inequalities set by the deficits in the social security programs, which have an important place in order to prevent income inequality in society, to provide social peace, to reduce the effects of poverty and to provide equal opportunities. Development and changes have caused different needs over time and in the poorer societies according to societies, so various measures have been taken to meet these needs, some institutions have been established and legal regulations have been introduced. Social benefits, which are an application to meet the needs of the poor, include the same and cash benefits. In addition to being influenced by many factors in the active role of women in the fight against poverty with men, the great effect of the "gender roles" imposed by the "gender roles" is an undeniable reality. The discrimination of women 's poverty is not seen with the assistance made by in house investigation and while the women victimization aggravates the deprivation of the other members of the family by the failure to destroy it, it takes the form of "Feminization of Poverty" as a side who takes more responsibility and struggles. The role of women in the activities of the Adana Metropolitan Municipality welfare office has been the subject of this study, as the local level of social services and benefits are more effective than the central benefits, as local governments have an active role in social assistance. Social assistance activities, which are debated as to how robust the infrastructure is and how its outcomes are monitored and effective, is a safety task in the prevention of corruption caused by injustice in income distribution that can affect social peace.
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The article is an analysis of the rights which can be exercised in Polish criminal procedure by same-sex couples joined in a civil union. The key idea of the deliberation is an assertion that in criminal procedure – on account of the so called criminal procedure relation – the rights of people joined in same-sex unions are protected well enough, therefore alterations to the presented regulations are unnecessary. The authors make an argument, starting with demonstrating the legal definition of a closest person, next describing the following laws: the right to access the files of a case, the right to refuse to testify, the right to be excused from testifying, the right of succession after a deceased party of the proceedings, the right to appointed counsel, the right to apply for remand of a suspected person, the right to be notified of a preventive detention and to deposit bail, and to take part in a trial.
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Partnerships and their status are the subject of public debate, which began in Western Europe a few years ago and recently came to Poland. The topics of discussion are legal, economic and social solutions (including inheritance and the adoption of children) and mostly the goal of these debates is to establish equal rights of marriage and domestic partnership.Supporters of same-sex marriage and domestic partnerships are demanding equal and free functioning in the social space, at the same time alleging discrimination by Polish legislation, the institutions of government and the (so-called) majority of the public. Social campaigns on domestic partnerships (and homosexual relationships) are an attempt to break down stereotypes and cultural taboos that were built over the years around these topics. The aim of this paper is the study of Polish social advertisements seeking an answer to, what styles of rhetoric and visual techniques are mostly used to highlight the problem of partnerships’ discrimination and to generate a new social approach in the common mind of Polish society.
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Shopping has undergone the evolution from the simple, ‘technical’ action of buying goods to the creative one, connected with the ‘I’ concept and lifestyle. Owing to the question if sexual differences in consumption are still up-to-date, the considerations are aimed at better understanding of male and female consumption orientations. Basing on the questionnaire surveys carried out among Wroclaw citizens, the author showed that, for instance, men are less enthusiastic about shopping than women and display more practical attitudes. They more often yielded to ‘luxurious’ consumption than ‘imitative’ one. At the same time, this general tendency was less apparent in qualitative interviews indicating that many sexual differences might have been of the more rhetoric than substantial nature. The article is closed by reflexion on the ‘male’ philosophy of shopping. Results may serve as hints for traders interested in attraction and retention of customers – men and women. The article enriches the knowledge about the sexual differences in the contemporary consumer society.
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In this research, attitudes of teachers towards internet usage and their self – efficacy to educational internet usage has been investigated. The research was made on 290 teachers working in Siirt center. In the research, internet attitude and self–efficacy perception scale of educational internet usage has been used as data collection tool. In the conclusion of the research, independent sample t-test, one way analysis of variance, and Pearson Correlation were used. According to research findings, there is no significant difference among teachers’ attitudes towards internet in terms of gender and age variables. However, it has been found that there is a significant difference among teachers’ attitudes towards internet depending on the branch and daily internet usage. Lastly, self – efficacy perceptions of teachers related to educational internet usage are significantly differentiated depending on variables of gender, age, branch and daily internet usage time.
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The article aims to show the role and meaning of the father in his daughter’s life. For a daughter who grew up without a father – who was absent in physical and emotional way – what results are serious consequences which affect her adult life. For example, those results are different types of psychological difficulties (of emotional, intrapsychic, or interpersonal nature). The author’s survey of the cases is based on the letters of adult daughters to their fathers, which contain a kind of retrospection. On the basis of the analyzed mate-rial what has been distinguished are the following consequences: the deficit of time spent with father becomes for daughter the cause of her inability to establish interpersonal relationships and create relationships; the deficit of affection shown by father is a source of impoverishment in his daughter’s emotional life;father’s absence in or abandonment of the family is for his daughter the cause of stress and depression.
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Review of: Nuran Şahin "Antik Dönemde Anadolu’da Kadın", Ege Üniversitesi Yayınları, İzmir 2013, XV; 346 s., res., ISBN: 978-975-483-979-1. by: Hüseyin Üreten
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As one of the important novelists in the postcolonial era, Buchi Emecheta may be thought to be a pioneering figure in English literature in terms of her representation of colonial issues in Nigeria and Britain. Although she has not received much critical attention as she deserved, Emecheta narrates her own experiences in Nigeria, a former British colony after the independence, and in Britain as an immigrant. Emecheta represents the problematic relationships in the native African community and the British society in her novel Second Class Citizen. The novel is quite significant in terms of the illustration of the protagonist Adah Obi’s attempt to adopt social values imposed on the native community in line with the colonial discourse although it takes place in the postcolonial era. This article argues that the female protagonist Adah Obi suffers from the patriarchal and colonial discourses dominant in the contemporary Nigerian and British societies and Adah is portrayed as the ultimate other due to her disadvantageous position as a black, a woman and an immigrant.
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The experiences of “brave young women”, Faustina Kowalska and Anneliese Michel, in their struggle with demons resounded worldwide in the universal Church. Even though their documented struggle with evil spirits does not go against the teaching of the Church, the Polish woman has been canonized while the German one is patiently waiting for the diocesan archives to be opened. The demonology that emerges from the spirituals struggle of both women is the subject of the present article.
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The aim of this study is to trace the main values of Turkish culture through a reasearch on Köroğlu’s – who is an anonimous poet and hero – poems, and to compare those values with aspects put forward by modern cultural research. In order to do this, Hofstede’s approach, which is tested and re-tested in many countries including Turkey, and gave grades to those dimensions in each specific country, has been adopted. Hofstede uses basic dimensions in his cultural studies which has a 5-dimension framework, namely power distance, individualism, uncertainity avoidance, masculinity, and long-term orientation. Using those dimensions and matching Köroğlu’s poems within this frame, poems have been analysed and an attempt has been made to construct a valid correlation with those dimensions. Thus, those cultural values stemming from traditional experiences, crystallizing into current times and reflecting our social culture, enable us to interpret cultural values in context. In modern times, those traditional values have an impact upon quality of life, and by comparing values in terms of those dimensions, an attempt is made to better understand our cultural values. Accordingly, Turkish cultural values emphasized in Köroğlu’s poems are consistent with tendencies identified by Hofstede’s findings: high power distance index, collectivism, high level of uncertainity avoidance, femininity characteristics are forefronted. Although there is no measured value in the dimension of long-term orientation, there are clues suggesting its existence in Köroğlu’s poems.
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Today, despite the increasing number of women at working floor, those who are fulfilling senior managerial positions are quite few. Known as a form of gender discrimination in gender studies, we label it as the “glass ceiling syndrome” in management literature. The "Glass Ceiling Syndrome" refers to all sorts of invisible obstacles that can’t be explained clearly between women and senior management positions. This situation has a negative impact on women's career progression and brings serious problems. In this study, first, problems faced by working women in managerial positions will be investigated. Then, some of the strategies elaborated in order to reach managerial positions will be highlighted. By so doing, not only the gendered division of labour and tasks, but also the caring labour of feminity and its impact upon managerial positions will be explained.
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