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MOSTAR U NJEMAČKOJ PUTOPISNOJ KNJIŽEVNOSTI

Author(s): Ivica Petrović / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2015

The paper is about a picture and an image of the city of Mostar in the two-century old travel literature in German language that is a result of the authentic travels of the authors. Since the reasons for travelling to BH, and Mostar, were quite often with a special purpose that surpassed literary and artistic causes, the travel writers were of various professions and profiles. The mediated picture of Mostar will be analyzed and divided into certain components, such as people and ethnic communities, habits, city image, industry as well as some stereotypical presentation manners. Based on third-party information and data the analyzed travel books represent worthy historical and cultural documents. Otto Blau, Moritz Hoernes, Heinrich Renner, Robert Michel, Hermann Wendel, Juli Zeh and Elisabeth Gschaider will be analysed, among other authors.

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Le journal à la recherche de la beauté transcendante : Schmemann, Dostoïevski, Bernanos

Author(s): Kalin Mikhailov / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2016

This article begins with a reading of a diary which is not explicitly “literary”; namely, the diary of the theologian Father Alexander Schmemann; it continues with A Writer’s Diary by Fyodor Dostoevsky and ends with the “diary of a country priest” from the novel of the same name by the French author Georges Bernanos. Under what conditions, to what extent and from what angle can we compare the journals of a renowned theologian, a well-known novelist like Dostoevsky and an anonymous novel character? The three texts turn out to be united by the search for an interface between everyday life and transcendent reality, as well as by the fact that in all three cases this interface is found through the revelation of “transcendent beauty” (as beauty simultaneously being and not being part of this world). The texts also have in common the fact that beauty was discovered in each case through an experience that marked the existence of the diarists and gave them strength to follow their life paths to the end.

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Ojciec po śmierci ojca – (post)lacanowski ateizm w spojrzeniu z Odradka

Author(s): Przemysław Tacik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2 (7)/2015

The paper calls into question the status of (post)Lacanian atheism as can be inferred from writings of Lacan himself (mainly seminaries XI, XVIII, XX and XXIII) and Slavoj Žižek. Such atheism is based on the inexistence of “the Other of the Other”, which, however, cannot be merely stated, but must take the form of an injunction. In this postlacanian logic, true atheists are not those who deny the existence of God – even in its symbolic functions – but those who – actively relying on the absence of “the Other of the Other” – are able to carry out fundamental shifts within the symbolic structure of the Other. Yet, this atheism, which might be viewed as one of the strongest forms of denying the divine, is based itself on the monotheistic grid. Drawing upon some remarks from the late writings of Freud, the paper aims to reveal the inner, self-referential logic of the Father, whose position is preserved and strengthened after the actual death of the Father. Postlacanian atheism might be conceived of as the latest form of fatherly self-grounding, in which divine position perpetuates itself under the cover of injunctions to radical atheism. Finally, the paper propounds an interpretation of Kafka’s short story “The Cares of a Family Man” (“Die Sorge des Hausvaters”), in which the enigmatic figure of “Odradek” – a deathless half-object, half-creature – stands for the final material embodiment of the futile injunction to renounce the divine. Thus Odradek epitomises the Law, which is nothing but an insoluble rattle, emptied from the tension of desire, in front of which Kafka’s characters are forced to wait.

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Porażka Ojca

Author(s): Maciej A. Sosnowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2 (7)/2015

The father is a dialectical figure. Taking C. Schmitt’s “state of exception” as a point of departure and drawing from G. Agamben’s and W. Hamacher’s analyses, I would like to present in my article the sense of this figure in the context of Hegelian speculation. Although “father’s” tendency appears to be a tendency towards the fullness of identity and pleroma, yet, it hides in itself negativity which cannot be eradicated and which condemns it to unresolvable ambiguity; whereas this ambiguity must lead to the sublation of “metaphysically” understood “fatherhood” for the sake of love.

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От хуманизма до постхуманизма: разсъжденията за Европа у Томас Ман, Андре Жид и Ханс-Магнус Енценсбергер

Author(s): Manfred Schmeling / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2015

Thomas Mann dealt with the topic of Europe on several levels: literary, theoretically and in the course of time. In his novel The Magic Mountain, the – symbolically speaking – “sick Europe” is meeting in a Swiss sanatorium. André Gide, who is like Thomas Mann a European in spirit, commented on Mann’s essay “Achtung, Europa!” (1936) with these words: “Mann reste […] un humaniste dans le sens le plus plein du mot.” Hans-Magnus Enzensberger – poet and critical observer of European developments – counters this humanistic idea of Europe with a new concept in, among other texts, “Eurozentrismus wider Willen” and Ach Europa (Europe, Europe: Forays into a Continent), which can be considered a mixture of essay and literary travelogue. Enzensberger opposes the political and economic attempts at harmonization imposed from Brussels and emphasizes the cultural distinctions of each individual European country. Linked to this commitment to alterity is a postmodern concept, which at the same time questions the grown humanistic discourse on Europe.

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Schulzowska partytura

Author(s): Joanna Sass / Language(s): Polish Issue: 5/2015

The literary output of Bruno Schulz became known abroad in the 1960s, when "Cinnamon Shops" and "Sanatorium under the Sign of the Hourglass" were published in translations. The German translation of both volumes was published by Carl Hanser Verlag in Munichin 1961, providing a basis for the foreign editions of Schulz’s fiction in Denmark and Finland. For 45 years, the German market was cornered by those early translations by Josef Hahn, published 24 times either in collections or separately. A new German version,by Doreen Daume, appeared as late as in 2008 and 2011. Such a long break implies that translating Schulz’s poetic prose must be quite difficult. The paper reconstructs the German reception of Schulz and presents criticism of some German translations.

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Canis lupus i tajemnice ludzkiej duszy. O literackim obrazie wilka na przykładzie wybranych dzieł niemiecko‑ i anglojęzycznych

Author(s): Aneta Jurzysta / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

The article is devoted to the literary representation of the wolf, and the texts analysed include Hermann Hesse’s “Steppenwolf” and Mark Rowlands’ “The Philosopher and the Wolf”. In both texts the wolf becomes the mirror in which the man’s inner life is reflected, and the authors search for the answers to existential questions in the wolfish nature. “And so the Steppenwolf had two natures, a human and a wolfish one. This was his fate, and it may well be that it was not a very exceptional one.” Those words of Hermann Hesse refer to the complicated, split personality of the main protagonist and the complex nature of every man. Harry is partly a man, who desires social respect and the comforts of the middle‑class life, and shares human ideas and interests, and partly a wild beast, who mocks these vain and absurd desires, and remains untamed and impulsive. Mark Rowlands’ wolf is not only part of the author’s inner self, but a wild animal, with which the American philosopher spent 11 years of his life. The wolf companion changes completely the man’s way of thinking, becoming an inspiration for philosophical considerations over the nature of love, death, happiness and humanity, the purposefulness of human actions, the sources of despair and hope, the nature of the fear of death. The wolf ’s company makes it possible for Rowlands to find his human nature, makes him eventually become a different person: of partly human and partly wolfish nature. In both cases the wolf (being either part of a man’s personality or a real wild companion) determines the protagonists’ lives and helps them understand themselves.

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LITERATUR UND ANTHROPOLOGIE AM BEISPIEL VON ROBERT MÜLLERS UND ERNST JÜNGERS WERK

Author(s): Mihaela Zaharia / Language(s): German Issue: 2/2019

The aim of the article is to examine some works of two authors from the first half of the 20th century, both native speakers of the German language in order to look for common mental constructs and symbols. Many literary critics comparing Robert Muller and Ernst Junger emphasize the similar roles they played in the literatures of Austria and Germany, respectively. Robert Muller and Ernst Junger leave the impression that they search for order in the contradictory universe and if they do not find it, they create it. They are both social analysts, they are multi-talented, both dreamers and travelers, obsessed by pure ideas, within whose framework they try to sort out everything that exists, they are both idealists. Robert Muller is Head of the Academic Society for Literature and Music in Vienna and founder of the illicit organization "Katakomba" and the Vienna Association of Magazines Pubishers and author of numerous publications. Despite the numerous attempts to portray his work in its true light and to show his great role in the Germanspeaking cultural area, Ernst Junger's reception in Germany is permanently marked by his image of the person and officer Ernst Junger. The reasons for this is, on the one hand, moral tabooing in Germany after the Second World War, and, on the other hand, his internal development, which has transformed the "scandalous" young writer into a fully integrated member of bourgeois life which he used to highly criticize in his early years.

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Bettelsprache, höflich-derb. Einige Bemerkungen zum semantischen Doppler-Effekt

Author(s): Gabriel H. Decuble / Language(s): German Issue: 5/2023

Being a medium of presumably high-sensitive reflection on social life especially in its most conflicting situations, literary works dealing with beggar figures are supposed to documenthow mentality has shifted in their perception or in the presentation of their speech as it wasuttered, hoarded, and handed down during centuries of exclusion and marginalisation. However,the linguistic phenomenon itself, i.e., the way in which beggars accomplish their task at theintersection with a rather hurried public, is a domain which is not yet thoroughly studied, thestandard statements of the social sciences being largely insufficient. One needs to develop newinterpretative strategies, and the syntagm ‘semantic Doppler effect’ should satisfy this need. Itemulates the well-known acoustic effect in such a way, that begging formulas—initially perceivedas polite –tend to be subject to a mutation immediately after they fade out, as many recipients ofsuch speech acts can witness. The question arises as to where this mutation takes place, whether itis in the signal itself, in the intention of the speaker already, or whether it does not emerge until theauditor has re-coded it.

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„Ich heiße nicht Mon schär sondern Felix”. Verunsicherte Gesprächspartner und misslingende Kommunikation in E.T.A. Hoffmanns Nachtstück Der Sandmann und in seiner modernen Märchenerzählung Das fremde Kind

Author(s): Carmen Iliescu / Language(s): German Issue: 5/2023

The article starts by drawing attention to E.T.A. Hoffmann’s ideas of an authentic sociability, to his ideas of togetherness and focuses on two literary masterpieces that are E.T.A.Hoffmann’s reflections on failed communication between two partners. Clara calls in her letter on psychology as a corrective to the dark visions of Nathanael, Nathanael despises Clara’s cool analytical gaze at his mental and emotional condition, her prosaic viewpoint; E.T.A. Hoffmann’s Sandman shows how major differences in childhood experiences, in perceptual judgements and viewpoint can disrupt communication between two lovers, how these differences may also trigger a transgression of discursive aspects into psychopathology and into brutality. Even children like Felix and Herrmann are experiencing in E.T.A. Hoffmann’s fairy tale The Strange Child a rather threatening speech situation and negative emotions as they become subjects to a rather restrictive play of social interaction, of politeness, of social courtesy. Herrmann’s speech pattern is not efficient. Little Felix rejects the fancy formality of the pronoun „Sie” and he demands to be called by his name; he wants to be recognized as a unique soul.

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Das Auge in der Hand. Lessings brave Enkelkinder oder Über die Grenzen des taktilen Diskurses

Author(s): Gabriel H. Decuble / Language(s): German Issue: 4/2022

The comparative paper attempts to answer the question of the largely lacking tactile discourse in world literature in such a way that anthropological and cultural-historical aspects are considered at the same time. These explain not so much the already indisputable primacy of the eye in literature, but rather its consequences for the reduced literary productivity of the near sense. Referring to texts by Rilke, Jandl, Celan or Henry Bachau, one can verify that the blindness motif contributes to a somewhat credible, yet still rudimental emergence of a tactile discourse. However, these are but mere exceptions in the vast realm of world literature, just like Goethe’s synaesthetic exercises in the fifth Roman Elegy are: no poetics of hands, but rather an accidental encounter of erotic gesture and lyrical reasoning.

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„Mit den Gespenstern sprechen“: Die multidimensionale und multitemporale erzählende Rede als „Mut- und Schmerzprobe“ in Christa Wolfs Erzählung Leibhaftig

Author(s): Nikolaos-Ioannis Koskinas / Language(s): German Issue: 4/2022

Christa Wolf has always considered literature as an ideology-critical medium for questioning Culture of Remembrance and memory myths. To do this, you need to talk to the ghosts. This is achieved by creating texts that experiment with the limits of language. The present study assumes that the novel ''Leibhaftig'' is the author’s most honest and at the same time most successful attempt in this direction, a narrative experiment that aims to “transcend the boundaries of the sayable”. The narrative is a multi-perspective polyvocal literary network. Playfully, the author experiments in two directions: with different temporal perspectives and with different forms of narrator and narrative perspective. The narrative structure is multitemporal. The level of an extradiegetic-homodiegetic narrative instance in the present is interwoven with memories from some sixty years in the past as well as from the whole history of humanity. Furthermore, the story is told in two narrative voices, both in first and third-person point of view, with the change often occurring in midsentence. The result is an open text that is not afraid of leaving the wound open, of settling accounts with one’s own as well as with the collective phantoms.

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Bukarest durch die Augen eines Fremden. Stadtbilder anhand des Romans ,,Die sieben Leben des Felix Kannmacher" von Jan Koneffke

Author(s): Ana Karlstedt / Language(s): German Issue: 4/2022

Jan Koneffke’s 2011 novel closely follows the path of a German fugitive that fate has sent to the capital of Romania in the 1930s. The way young Felix Kannmacher perceives his new environment, his new home defines who he is and who he will become. At first, he is frightened, insecure and feels lost in a hostile space. He is overwhelmed by sensations and does not know how to master this new location. But little by little, through the aid of experience – and not always the best one – he manages to domesticate his surroundings and be reborn. The article focuses on Felix’ (the novel’s first person narrator) view on the city of Bucharest. His ever-changing relationship with this space makes the novel so special and so fruitful for and worthy of literary analysis.

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Нови обзори њемачке медијевистике

Author(s): Ana Minić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 182/2024

Review of: Слободан Грубачић, Миодраг М. Вукчевић. Немачка средњовековна књижевност. Београд: Српска академија наука и уметности, 2023, 455 стр.

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THE USE OF TRUTH AS A TOOL OF PROPAGANDA: BERTOLT BRECHT'S RELATION TO MARXISM

Author(s): Ingrid Nistor-Sopon / Language(s): English Issue: 38/2024

The propagandistic nature of artistic works, reflected in the phenomenon of agitprop, had significant consequences on the relationship between art and politics. In this context, Bertolt Brecht's writings provide an insightful exploration of the effects of this vigorous promulgation of ideas in the literary field and its implications in the social field.

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THE RECONSTRUCTION OF THE TEXT IN HERTA MULLER'S TEXTS TRANSLATED INTO ROMANIAN

Author(s): Anca Gorban / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 38/2024

Herta's prose is rather withdrawn as a literary genre, being divided between novels and volumes of essays. The translator does not require very different strategies in approaching these texts. Here, most often it is a matter of the translator's option, of his vision of his translational approach: either he proposes adaptation or fidelity in such a way as to preserve the "pulse" of the original text. Not even 30 years have passed since the first translations of Herta Müller's texts, so the original lyrics are still relevant, they are still in their prime. The test of time will place the translated versions to be (re)translated. Each translation is for its time, therefore, retranslations update the text in a new version, revealing, at the same time, another relationship with the cultural factor.

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Regionalliteratur und Interkulturalität – am Beispiel der Literatur der Böhmischen Länder

Author(s): Manfred Weinberg / Language(s): German Issue: 1/2024

The author strives for the (theoretically substantiated) conceptualization of the German literature of the Bohemian Lands (and Prague). The analysis of Eduard Goldstücker’s unsuccessful attempts to classify them as a national literature demonstrates that this does not lead to any results. But the concept of ‚minor literatures‘ by Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari also offers no basis. Johannes Urzidil’s diagnosis of ‚Hinternationalität‘, which is entirely compatible with the concept of regionality, seems more suitable. In principle, however, nothing is gained by understanding the German literature from the Bohemian countries as ‚regional literature‘. It is necessary to show in detail how the various ethnic groups in Bohemia differentiate themselves from one another, interact, and coexist with each other. This can only be achieved with an open concept of the region – such as the concept of ‚soft spaces‘ with ‚fuzzy boundaries‘ that has become established in human geography. Finally, it must be demonstrated in which acts of communication a phenomenon such as the literature of the Bohemian Lands has been established – only in case that such communication can also be demonstrated between the ‚Germans‘ and the Czechs we can speak of an intercultural region with reference to literature. The concept of the border is to be transcended by the concept of a horizon, in which it is not assumed that units are juxtaposed and thus demarcated from one another, and the production of which must always be proven anew in detail.

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Die Anfänge der modernen tschechischen Dichtung im Spiegel der Rezensionskritik

Author(s): Dalibor Dobiáš / Language(s): German Issue: 1/2024

The paper considers how critical reviews in Central European journals could contribute to the formation of modern Czech poetry at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries and in the first two decades of the 19th century, until the disputes around 1817 about prosody and poetic autonomy in general significantly affected its discourse. It places these mostly anonymous reviews within the broader framework of reviews of poetry in German and Czech from the Bohemian Lands, especially those in the major review journals (Jenaische allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung, Leipziger Literatur- Zeitung, Annalen der österreichischen Literatur, etc.), in which Bohemian and Moravian contributors also found a place, given the obstacles to the development of domestic periodicals. It argues that this criticism had discussed the constitution of a modern authorial type, which was, however, especially in domestic Bohemian and Moravian post-revolutionary conditions strongly concentrated on general social benefit of literature. Early Czech-language poets of Antonín Jaroslav Puchmajer’s circle asserted themselves with a similar social emphasis in self-criticism in the Viennese Annalen, taking into account the still partly scholarly nature of period criticism and representative values of Czech as a kingdom’s language. Characteristically of this scholarly-publicist criticism in contemporary Central Europe, most attention was paid to works such as Joseph Müller’s translation of The Tale of Igor’s Campaign, Meinert’s Der Fylgie or The Manuscript of Dvůr Králové, that could “shed light” on the former role of poetry for nations and open up ways for its modern authors (see similar German discussions on the Nibelungenlied among emerging national philologists and poets).

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Hölderlinovy básně z prvního období ve věži

Author(s): Tomáš Vítek / Language(s): Czech Issue: 70/2024

The article focuses on the poems of the German poet Friedrich Hölderlin which he wrote after his release from the clinic, i.e. between 1807 and 1820. The author attempts to show that the texts which he places in the first period of Hölderlin’s tower production, differ in form and content both from the work produced before his hospitalization and from the poems written later in the tower. While the external conditions of the poet’s life did not change, his texts did, but this fact has not been satisfactorily elucidated yet.

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ДОПРИНОС КЊИЖЕВНИХ ТЕКСТОВА ОСТВАРИВАЊУ ЕМОЦИОНАЛНО-АФЕКТИВНИХ ЦИЉЕВА НАСТАВЕ НЕМАЧКОГ ЈЕЗИКА

Author(s): Dusica Z. Aleksic / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 83/2024

The subject of this paper is to examine the contributions of using literary texts to achieve emotional-affective goals in the process of teaching and learning the German language as a foreign language. The research was conducted among final-year students of the First Kragujevac Grammar School with the aim of examining their previous experiences and attitudes towards reading literature in a foreign language. The data were collected using the group discussion technique. The results show that the use of literature in the teaching of the German language is extremely low, but its implementation in teaching plays a significant role in fostering positive attitudes towards reading in a foreign language and contributes to individual student develop- ment, the freer expression of emotions in the classroom, the development of critical thinking, and increased motivation for language learning.

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