Polska jako europejska agora kultury. Przedsięwzięcia kulturalne polskiej prezydencji

Author(s): Marcin Radwan / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2012

The purpose of this article is to showcase the cultural and artistic actions which were conducted and initiated by the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage during the Polish Presidency of the EU Council. In this article the political achievements of the Polish presidency in the cultural domain, as well as the detailed context of cultural events in Poland and abroad are discussed. Additionally, a reflective aspect on culture and its role in creating a positive image of Poland in the nations of the European Union are shown.

Kształtowanie umiejętności do budowania samoświadomości u dzieci zdolnych plastycznie – uczestników projektu „Nauka – Sztuka – Edukacja” (porównanie badań ilościowych i jakościowych)

Author(s): Joanna Aksman / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2023

This article presents an excerpt from a large three-year study conducted using the pedagogical experiment method and concerning the development of life skills of children at an early school age, including gifted children, through the implementation of an innovative art education program „Science – Art – Education”. The results of quantitative research, conducted with standardized diagnostic tests showing such skills as – children’s interpersonal relationships, decision-making, coping with difficult situations and stress management, and building self-awareness, which we are interested in in this article – were published in the form of a monograph Shaping life skills of primary school pupils in the course of innovative art workshops Science – Art – Education on the example of experimental research. In the presented text, compared the results of quantitative research on the skills to build self-awareness in children with the yet undescribed results of research from qualitative techniques (teacher observation and teachers’ conclusions from qualitative research and an original projective test addressed to children: My strengths and weaknesses). Quantitative research shows a long process of shaping self-awareness and a breakdown of the resultsof this variable after the second grade. Qualitative research confirms the length of time needed to develop self-awareness, and especially positive self-esteem, in children, but they show the systematic development of this difficult skill in children at this age. In the post-pandemic period and the difficult time of insecurity caused by war conflicts, shaping positive self-esteem becomes an important issue in the education of children in the first stage of education due to their mental health. Thus, the „Science – Art – Education” project is one of the ready-made tools (art education programs) for shaping this skill.

Rozwiązania kreatywne w edukacji plastycznej w pracy z dzieckiem uzdolnionym na poziomie edukacji przedszkolnej i wczesnoszkolnej – doświadczenia wybranych szkół

Author(s): Marcin Cziomer / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2023

The purpose of the article is the presentation of a possibilities which contemporary polish school offers to art gifted children especially in order to kindergarten and early education level. The article refers to importance of the work with art talented child and a legal status and the actual state of a work with child in order to changes in the educational law in Poland in the act “The Teacher’s Charter”. In this context there were described some solutions of a work with art talented child at chosen educational institutions and their real possibilities in this area. According to the applicable law the State is required to support such students. However for some reasons primarily financial barriers implemented by the Local Governments, such support becomes a fiction. Separate place of the article is devoted to the description of the work with children of refuges from Ukraine, which started their education at Polish schools, after the war broke out. In the article is also description of a chosen solutions, which support art talented child – art competitions, idea of interdisciplinary corelation STE AM, open-air paintings or workshops of the folk art. At the and there is a description of some creative solutions at work with art talented child in kindergarten and early education level implemented in the University of Debrecen, and also the author’s observations concerning the methods and forms of working with such a child in Poland.

Rola sztuki w nauczaniu języka obcego dzieci uzdolnionych językowo

Author(s): Ewa Donesch-Jeżo,Ewa Krysakowska-Budny / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2023

The aim of the article is the presentation of the role and means of using art in teaching a foreign language to linguistically gifted children at an early-school age, more precisely, what methods and forms of teaching should be prioritised in teaching children with these abilities. The research method was the analysis of the scientific literature dealing with this problem. The article presents the impact of art on multidimensional child development – affective and cognitive, and primarily, on the advantages of learning English related to art. The concept of a linguistically gifted student was defined, and methods of working with students having these abilities were provided. Content, forms, methods, and means used in the work with such students were considered. The authors stress the competencies which may be effectively developed based on art. The results of the analysis showed that working with gifted children constitutes a challenge for teachers. Therefore, the article presents examples of teaching materials, exercises, tasks, methods, and techniques integrating various forms of art with language learning. In conclusion, the authors emphasise that art is a wonderful teaching aid and may be a starting point for many linguistic tasks motivating to authentic use of language both by gifted students and those who do not possess special linguistic talents.

Translation in the Coherence Theories of Truth; a Bridge Spanning over Idealist Islands

Author(s): Giulia Cirillo / Language(s): English Issue: 68/2021

It is easy to fall for a conceptual beauty and simplicity of the coherence theory of truth. But the texts in which its foundations were for the first time explicitly developed are rich in subtleties, defying a consistent interpretation and inviting various forms of criticism. That is why the following study will take one more look at the writings of Harold H. Joachim and Brand Blanshard, in order to prove that in the analyses which they proposed there is an additional, so far unrecognised element – namely the process of translation – which plays a crucial role in making their accounts valid and complete. Initially then, the article will specify how the notion of translation should be here understood. Next, key postulates of both theories will be recalled, with an indication of several potential inconsistencies which they might entail. Finally, the analysis exposes translative ground of each reconstructed model. What will be thereby underscored, is not only the interpretative depth of Joachim’s and Blanshard’s legacy, but also significance of translation for the philosophical enquiry into the nature of truth.

Audiences for Orchestral Music: Challenges New and Old. The Cases of Germany and Poland

Author(s): Marta Zieba,John O’Hagan / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

Technological change has impacted orchestral music for over a century, with the demise of orchestral concert audiences in their familiar form being considered by some at various times to be under threat. Access for classical music audiences however has increased over recent decades through radio, albums, and tapes/CDs/DVDs, thereby increasing the potential for large increases in classical music listener/viewer audiences. In the case of albums and tapes/CDs/DVDs, audiences have control over what and when they tune in, whereas in the case of radio, the schedule is fixed for them. Besides, in-hall audiences, adjusted for population, at orchestral concerts in Germany and Poland have been increasing, but a small number of orchestras in each country dominate. Technology has now made possible, through the live streaming of concerts, not just into cinemas and similar venues but also directly into homes, a potential substantial increase in live listening/viewing audiences; the Berliner Philharmoniker is leading the way in this regard.

Architektura niechciana w powiecie gdańskim i Pruszczu Gdańskim w latach 1920–1956

Author(s): Magdalena Barganowska‑Olbryś,BARTOSZ GONDEK,Marek Kozłow / Language(s): Polish Issue: 83/2023

The authors of the article reveal a hitherto undescribed ideological and construction phenomenon taking place in the Gdańsk County and Pruszcz Gdański. From 1920 to 1956, this region served as a testing ground for model architectural assumptions of the Third Reich and Socialist Realism, intended for implementation in suburban areas. In the publication, the authors highlight a number of objects that, in previous studies of the so called “unwanted architecture” in the territory of the Free City of Gdańsk and Pomerania, were either ignored or treated marginally, now giving them the proper contextual significance. Moreover, the article includes detailed studies of architectural forms that are a reference to the traditions of the region, as well as their utilitarian function for the two doctrines discussed.

Износът на българска литература, кино и култура – какво да се прави?

Author(s): Dimitar Kamburov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4s/2024

This text, presented at the international conference “Slavonic Literatures – Globalisation and Regionalism” in November 2023, discusses the actual condition of a practically non-existent state policy of exporting Bulgarian literature and cinema, as well as the tendency to shift the export from foreign audiences toward the Bulgarian diaspora abroad. After discussing the difficult acceptance of Bulgarian literature and cinema on the international scene and market, the text asserts the necessity of a particular state institution being established – an institution focused on the transformation of local art phenomena into world cultural events through their contextual domestication and critical reference in the foreign daily and cultural media, as well as on social media. The urge is a critical mass of art works to be created, capable of transforming quantity into quality – into a World-oriented Bulgarian cultural phenomenon.

Wyzwania “autotranscendencji” ducha w obliczu “biegunowości” bycia (Czytanie „Teologii systematycznej” Paula Tillicha dla humanistyki)

Author(s): Monika Jaworska-Witkowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 48/2024

The paper postulates reading works by Paul Tillich mainly as a great humanist, whose background for thinking, anticipating his theological considerations, is priceless for a wide field of the humanistic reflections. The author indicates items permanently having difficulties in coming to the fore of humanistic thinking and still being profoundly elaborated and successfully applied in Tillich’s systematic perspective. The text shows up some selected items from the three subsequent volumes of Systematic Theology, linked with the categories which permit to reject dualistic claims inherent in a dominant thinking about culture, social life, science and humanities. The author situates Tillich’s reading within the horizon of “the duality turn-over” described by Lech Witkowski, and thus it makes a reference to his cognitive profiles disclosing possibilities of humanistic applications of the ideas of the great theologist beyond his institutional framework.

РОДИНАТА Е ТАКАВА, КАКВАТО Я НОСИМ В СЪРЦАТА СИ

Author(s): Katia Kostova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 19/2021

Пейзажът на историята

Author(s): John Lewis Gaddis / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2024

The article of John Lewis Gaddis “The Landscape of History: How Historians Map the Past” is an essayistic endeavor to conceptualize the task of history through several figural concepts. The author uses figural concepts – such as metaphorical concepts for example – since he claims that history does not analyze them thoroughly, but represents a dynamic work with the past. The first figure is the painting by David Caspar Friedrich where a man looks at the past as a landscape and not in details. That is the power of generalization and abstraction. It is also exemplified by the abstract cubist model in the art of Pablo Picasso. The founder of the Annales School, Marc Bloch emphasizes the limited scope of the examined events in a historical work. In an essay by Mark Twain it is outlined how maturing is in fact humbling oneself. The role of history is to humble the historian and show him how insignificant he is in the broad picture. Finally, there is an analysis of Thucydides’ "History of the Peloponnesian War", which reaches some important philosophical generalizations. The Athenians were ruthless to the conquered populations, but sometimes they cancelled their brutal measures as unnecessary. From that, Gaddis infers that history’s task is to outline potentialities, but every potentiality can also be amended or not fulfilled at all.

Rozhlasová adaptace divadelní hry

Author(s): Tomáš Bojda / Language(s): Czech Issue: 4/2024

This study deals with the issue of radio drama adaptation. The theoretical analysis is based on key Czech and foreign radio texts and literary theory, it notes the specifics of radio drama adaptation and sets out the basic theoretical problems involved in this radio dramaturgical approach within the overall context of literary and dramatic radio production. The theoretical propositions are demonstrated by examples from recent and earlier radio history, and the text combines theoretical research with practical radio dramaturgy issues. The aim of this study is to define the basic creative and theoretical problems that a radio adaptation of a literary work entails.

THE TRANSFORMATION OF WOMAN STEREOTYPE PRESENTED TO CHILDREN THROUGH DISNEY'S ANIMATED FAIRY TALES

Author(s): Vera Virijević Mitrović / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2023

Proceeding from the need to use one concrete example to show the power with which media and modern visual content can have an impact on children of an early age, we point to the inexhaustible field of psychological influence and sociological response to Walt Disney's animated fairy tales.In this paper, our goal is to determine the appearance and change of gender stereotypes, first of all, the change of stereotypes of women and their social role through the characters of princesses – the main heroines of animated fairy tales by The Walt Disney Studios; with particular reference to the importance of the influence that popular cartoons have on the age of preschool children. We use the method of analysis and comparison of a sample of fairy tales, according to the chronology of creation, taking into account both the meaning of the story and the scenario, as well as the wealth of visual and musical content with which these popular animated films captivate children. The analysis shows that the changes in social stereotypes of women in the range from the middle of the 20th century to today are clearly evident in the representation of women in the animated Disney fairy tale, as well as changes in the importance and role of male characters. Taking into account the enormous viewership and popularity of these cartoons, we conclude that through an animated film as one of the powerful media content that influences preschool children, it is possible to project the ideal of a woman-heroine to the youngest age of girls, simultaneously portraying changes in the stereotype of their partners. Forming the image of a woman as girls who identify with Disney princesses would like to become can have a far-reaching sociological impact in the formation of attitudes, both about the role of women in the modern social moment, and about gender identity in general. Gender roles and their psychological characteristics have completely changed in the twenty-first century compared to the twentieth century. The revolution in terms of 3d animation and graphic solutions, i.e. the artistic embodiment of that virtual world, is followed by a revolution in terms of the role and characteristics of male and female characters in an animated fairy tale.In the current social moment, an important task for educators is the question of recognizing in video content for children the redefinition of the concepts of gender and sex. The recommendation of this research is that educators become aware of the influence of visual arts on the creation of gender stereotypes, select and present them in a way that does not violate the democratic standards of modern society, but also does not offend the tradition and importance of the natural family environment from which most children come.Considering the conclusions about the powerful and effective influence of the mass media on the formation and choice of ideals that are recommended to children of an early age through animated content, the question arises of the need for parents and educators to become aware of these influences and, with such knowledge, offer children positive views and interpretations, as well as selection of alternative visual contents.

ULOGA UMETNOSTI U VASPITANJU DECE PREDŠKOLSKOG UZRASTA

Author(s): Bojana Nikolić,Emilija Popović,Jelena Veljković Mekić,Dragana Dragutinović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 5/2023

The purpose of this paper is to highlight the importance of the presence of art and artwork in the educational practice of preschool children. The paper highlights and explains the importance of learning through art at an early age, taking into account the recent history of pedagogical thought on the subject (Movement for education through art, teaching of Reggio Emija), as well as contemporary research and trends in the field of education. As an example of good practice, the paper presents an experimental educational program of art workshops for the youngest. The workshops were conducted by experts in the fields of fine and musical arts, and literature. Carefully selected contents from the history of art (architecture, music, fine arts, literature) were presented to the children in a methodologically adequate way. The workshops were accompanied by musical works from all eras with which the children were introduced, performed on instruments typical of that time. By monitoring the children's reactions and analyzing their creative responses (drawings, objects, paintings, works of applied art), it was concluded that the children gave adequate responses to the offered content, that they managed to build a certain aesthetic attitude towards the displayed content and give their creative response. In addition to the presence of artists in the kindergarten, we emphasize the necessity of permanent education of educators in the field of art, cooperation of kindergartens with institutions that deal with the education of educators, as well as cooperation with cultural institutions at the local and national level (galleries, museums, libraries, concerts).

Królowa Zofia Holszańska a drewniana architektura kościelna połowy XV wieku w ziemi sanockiej. Studium w sześćsetną rocznicę koronacji monarchini

Author(s): Piotr Łopatkiewicz / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 7/2024

Frequent stays of Queen Sophia of Halshany in Sanok, especially after the death of Władysław Jagiełło (in particular in the years 1435-1461), resulted in the establishment of quite close contacts with the nobility of the Sanok area. Many representatives of the middle nobility appeared in the surroundings of the monarch at the Sanok castle, gave her financial loans, made efforts to obtain land grants and offices. The main aim of the article became an attempt to demonstrate that the dynamic building action in the field of wooden church architecture in the western part of the Sanok area, undertaken especially in the fifth and sixth decades of the 15th century, may have been inspired by Queen Sophia of Halshany re-siding in Sanok at that time. Among the founders of churches from that period, we can indicate mainly people from the close environment of the monarch, above all the Bishop of Przemyśl, Piotr Chrząstowski, and representatives of the wealthy knighthood, connected with the queen by numerous ties of dependence, holding land offices in the Sanok area. Perhaps a key role in these architectural foundations was played by Mikołaj Pieniążek of Witowice, the then staroste of Sanok. The Queen was also supported in these activities by representatives of the wealthy knights of the Sanok area, such as: Piotr Smolicki, Henryk Kamienicki, Jerzy Humnicki and the brothers Jakub and Jan of Kobylany. It is impossible to prove today what the Queen’s actual participation in these undertakings was. How-ever, the observation about the role of the Sanok court of the queen in inspiring and initiating the building action in the field of wooden sacred architecture in the Sanok area, formulated here for the first time, seems nevertheless quite valid, although it will certainly require further research in the fu-ture.

Prisustvo muzičkih elemenata u nastavi španskog kao stranog jezika

Author(s): Sanja Maričić Mesarović,Mirjana Matović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2024

This article aims to analyze the presence of musical elements as well as the importance ofthe use of music in the process of learning a foreign language with a focus on the teachingof Spanish as a foreign language. Music and language have numerous common characteristics that arerecognizable through rhythm, melody, intonation, dynamics and represent a form of continuous mutualcommunication. Music stimulates the activity of the right hemisphere of the brain, thus encouragingcreativity and imagination as key motivators in the learning process. Our research deals with the analysisof the presence of elements related to music in the textbooks used in the teaching of Spanish as a foreignlanguage at the Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad. A quantitative analysis of the corpus identified examples that represent musical content or refer to musical elements within the teaching. The aimof this research was to identify which musical content is present in the textbooks and at what level of learning Spanish as a foreign language (A1-B2) and which language competences and skills develop withthe help of the identified content. The hypothesis of this research was that musical content would be morepresent at lower levels of learning when the student is expected to memorize new words and grammaticalconstructions. The corpus analysis showed that music in foreign language teaching provides lexical andcultural input. The results of this research confirm that musical content can be used for the purpose ofpracticing and improving both receptive and productive language skills, and for the purpose of developingand enriching students’ lexical, grammatical and intercultural competence, especially at lower levels oflearning. With music, we can improve our pronunciation, practice intonation, expand our vocabulary,learn grammatical structures and understand the culture of the other

Klid před bouří. Špálova Otava jako šťastný průnik umělcovy osobní historie a národních dějin

Author(s): Marcel Fišer / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2021

The interwar work of Václav Špála is considered to be the essence of the “national art” of the First Czechoslovak Republic. Its emblematic manifestation is the extensive series depicting the Otava River from 1929 and 1930. The paper focuses on the painting On the Otava River (1929) from the collection of the Gallery of Fine Arts in Cheb. It has an exceptional position within it, both in terms of its formal qualities and overall concept. Špála himself was aware of this and never sold it, and the painting was acquired by the Cheb gallery in 1966 from his estate. The uniqueness of the painting is also underlined by its exhibition history: in 1937, Václav Nebeský selected it for the accompanying exhibition to EXPO 37 in Paris, L’art moderne tchécoslovaque at the Charpentier Gallery, twenty years later it was one of only five works representing Czechoslovakia at the international exhibition 50 Years of Modern Art at EXPO 58 in Brussels, together with the works of Emil Filla, František Kupka, Josef Šíma and Otto Gutfreund.

„Lidská psycha je internacionální.“ K surrealismu a české dobové debatě

Author(s): Lenka Bydžovská / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2021

On the front page of the Czech-French International Bulletin of Surrealism, published in spring 1935 by the Surrealist Group in the Czechoslovakia in direct collaboration with André Breton and Paul Eluard, Vítězslav Nezval stressed the international character of this movement, which, in his words, abolished not only the boundaries between reality and dream, but also the boundaries between nations and languages. The strategy of the Czech interwar avant-garde, which in the 1920s confidently developed its own artistic trends and viewed surrealism with a critical distance that included both ideological and artistic reservations, is worth noting.This paper seeks to delineate the essential issues. Why did the Czech avant-garde join Surrealism in the 1930s, how did it justify its decision theoretically, and what role did it play in the international context? How did Breton’s desire to spread Surrealism across Europe and other continents relate to his demand, expressed in his 1953 Paris monograph Toyen, for a comparative study of the characteristics of art in different countries, based on the methods of experimental psychology and taking into account the specific political situation? And what lessons can be drawn from the current exhibition project Surrealism Beyond Borders?

„Naprosté vzdálení“ u Jindřicha Chalupeckého

Author(s): Tomáš Pospiszyl / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2021

Jindřich Chalupecký (1910–1990) made a name for himself in the second half of the 20th century not only by popularising foreign artistic tendencies in Czechoslovakia, but also by his specific idea of the position of Czech (and to a lesser extent Slovak) art in the world. This conception was not solely prompted by the specific cultural situation during the period of state socialism, but can be found already in Chalupecký’s early texts. In the 1930s, as a young critic, he reflected on the relationship between the local and international avant-garde. In the second half of the 1940s, i.e. during the period of the so-called Third Republic, he became involved in the contemporary debate on the East-West relationship. The synthesis of both themes contributed to Chalupecký’s later (unrealistic) belief in the unique position of Czech art in a global context. Chalupecký’s conception of the place of Czech art in the world was not based on an ideologized opposition to the socialist state, but rather on a geographically conditioned perception of the cultural situation in Central Europe. It can also be seen as an early and very distinctive variant of later discussions on the relationship between cultural centres and peripheries.

Niterná jistota češství. Téma národní identity českého moderního umění v historiografii dějin umění sedmdesátých a osmdesátých let 20. století

Author(s): Milena Bartlová / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2021

The topic of Czech national identity and the search for proper art-historical methods of its identification was one of the most important issues in Czech art history. In the period 1970–1990, however, its significance changed. The generationally conditioned anti-German attitude receded and the whole concept of the question was transformed within the framework of the period’s “conservative turn”. This paper will attempt to examine this change in its overall contours in more detail, but will pay particular attention to the field of art research in the period 1848–1948.