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"Second curve" concept as a key driver of economic development in the emerging markets

Author(s): Anđelko Lojpur,Ivan Radević,Nikola Martinović / Language(s): English Issue: Spec/2021

The paper begins with the understanding that the three-decade-long transition period from a socialist economy to the market one, as an integral part of comprehensive changes in Eastern Europe, both political and ideological ones, remains to be a quite problematic and ongoing process. When it comes to less-developed or transition countries, with a special focus on the Western Balkans, a popular opinion is that the impact of deindustrialization on countries in transition was as painful and radical as the "coming" of socialism. Therefore, when addressing the need for a new formula for development, it is a matter of great concern that today's multipolar world lacks well-established development paradigms, particularly taking into account an obvious stagnation in reforms, i.e. the so-called reform failure. In the authors' opinion, it is possible to end the crisis in underdeveloped and transition countries only by introducing a "new" order, i.e. by finding a "new" economic development paradigm. In the light of the above, this paper indicates the need to replace the current transitional models of economic transformation with a turn-around strategy that would be based on reindustrialization, i.e. newly created industrial policies. Finally, this would imply the implementation of the “second curve“(the “S-curve”) concept in the change management processes.

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"Stumbling and Dusting Off," or an Attempt to Pick a Path Through the Thicket of Bulgaria's New Economic Mechanism
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"Stumbling and Dusting Off," or an Attempt to Pick a Path Through the Thicket of Bulgaria's New Economic Mechanism

Author(s): Richard J. Crampton / Language(s): English Issue: 02/1988

The most persistent theme in Bulgarian public life during the 1980s has been the attempt to remodel and improve the national economy in accordance with the New Economic Mechanism, the NEM, which itself has been inseparable from "the scientific-technological revolution. " Economic innovation and experimentation are not new to Bulgaria. Previous attempts, however, have generally failed to live up to expectations, often degenerating into confusing and sometimes contradictory administrative changes before being abandoned in favor of a return to the comforts and certainties of a centralized, Soviet-style, command economy. [...]

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"Sustainable development" as a label within business studies: What can be learned from a bibliometric analysis?

"Sustainable development" as a label within business studies: What can be learned from a bibliometric analysis?

Author(s): Marija Čutura,Ivan Novak,Dijana Ćavar / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

In a modern society, the issues of sustainable development have evolved on different levels, from the new global frameworks over governmental policies to the new business models. In the 1980s, the term sustainable development emerged from the relationship between preserving the planet and meeting human needs (IUCN, 1980). The general idea behind the concept of sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (United Nations General Assembly, 1987). As one of the main challenges in economics and business, the concept of sustainable development has also emerged in the wide area of business economics. The aim of this paper is to provide an extensive literature overview dealing with the concept of sustainable development within a field of business economics. For the purpose of the analysis a bibliometric approach with multiple correspondence analyses has been used on the Web of Science Core Collection database for the observed period of ten years. The results illustrate the importance of sustainable development as a topic, as well as wide range of approaches and variety of sub-topics linked to the concept of sustainable development in business and economics literature.

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(YUGOSLAVIA'S) EXPORTS OF SHIPS

(YUGOSLAVIA'S) EXPORTS OF SHIPS

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English Issue: 15/1963

The importance of maritime shipping has increased so much since the Second World War, that the natural result has been an intensive development in shipbuilding all over the world. In the last ten years preceding the war, the volume of maritime transport grew at an average annual rate of 1 per cent, as compared with 6 per cent in the post-war period (up to 1961). According to Lloyd’s Register, in 1931 the total tonnage of the world merchant fleet amounted to 68,722,000 GRT (index figure 100) as against 135,916,000 GRT in 1961 (index figure 198).

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(Нео)протекционизам и светска економска криза

(Нео)протекционизам и светска економска криза

Author(s): Branislav M. Pelević,Vladimir M. Ristanović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 4/2011

The collapse of international trade is aftermath of global economic crisis in 2008. Decline in trade was even higher compared with the period of the Great Depression and, moreover, international trade has recorded a much greater decline than the world’s gross domestic product. Previous causality has been confirmed in Serbia and global crisis hit the economy of Serbia with the lag of one quarter. Initial fall in output and trade was smaller in the world than in Serbia. Growingprotectionism is not among the main causes of the collapse of the trade, but it is its essential companion. Protectionism, however, can provide positive effects only in short term. It leads to a decrease in exports, employment and income in other countries, but will invariably have feedback - leading to the fall for products imported from countries that increased protection. Opening the market undoubtedly contributes to more efficient and dynamic growth.

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1 KASIM 2015 SEÇİMLERİNDE AK PARTİ’NİN SİYASAL KAMPANYASINDA YER ALAN EKONOMİK VAATLERİN SEÇİM SONUÇLARINA YANSIMASI

Author(s): Tuba Kalçik / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 30/2016

Political parties in a democratic system, are trying to get his/her vote by convincing voters. Parties make political campaign which is a political communication activities to convince voters. Parties use election promises as an important instrument of political campaign in order to be attracted the vote of the electorate. Promises which are made to answer the main problems of the country, the electorate’s expectations and demand’s, function as an effective tool to convince. In this study, it is appeared that how the economic promises which are used in AK Party’s political campaign in 1 November general election affect the election results.

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10 lat członkostwa Polski w Unii Europejskiej. Skutki włączenia do jednolitego rynku europejskiego

10 lat członkostwa Polski w Unii Europejskiej. Skutki włączenia do jednolitego rynku europejskiego

Author(s): Małgorzata Czermińska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2014

The inclusion of Poland to the common market for goods meant the abolition of customs duties and quantitative restrictions on agricultural products in mutual trade with the countries of the European Union (customs duties on industrial goods have already been abolished by the Europe Agreement) and the application of the Common Customs Tariff on imports from third countries. Freedom of movement of goods after the accession to the EU accounted for Polish entrepreneurs a chance, because the fulfillment of EU norms and standards means full access to the common market, amounting to more than 500 million inhabitants. Particularly noticeable was the impact of accession on foreign trade, which, thanks to the membership not only gained easier access to the common market, but also new opportunities to increase trade with third countries. Since Polish accession to the EU gradually increased trade in agricultural products as well as their participation in the Polish foreign trade. Emigration of Poles also increased significantly, especially to countries that with effect from 1 May 2004 opened their labor markets, namely the United Kingdom, Ireland. In the final evaluation of the benefits of joining the common market and free movement of goods, persons, services and capital far outweigh, in both the scale of the economy and at the micro level, the costs associated with membership in the European common market.

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19. YÜZYIL OSMANLI DIŞ POLİTİKASI ÜZERİNDE İNGİLİZ TESİRİ

19. YÜZYIL OSMANLI DIŞ POLİTİKASI ÜZERİNDE İNGİLİZ TESİRİ

Author(s): Zekeriya Işık / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2011

In 19th century, the Ottoman Empire was under a heavy Western influence in all respect which also includes the foreign policy. In this century, the political, militaristic and economic campaigns of the major European Powers, in particular, were influential on the Ottomans to adopt the European organizational and ceremonial patterns, and thus the Ottomans were influenced by the Europeans, primarily by the Great Britain. In this study, it is aimed to explain the foundations of the Classical Ottoman foreign policies, the changes in the traditional Ottoman foreign policies in relation to the developing and expanding New World and finally the policies of the Empire which had to move toward international expansion to survive in the If century. On the other hand, we emphasize the effects on Empire's domestic and foreign policies particularly when Germany built its union, the current political and economical balance started to change in late century. In this most difficult period of state If century British political colonialism activities firstly commenced with India but then involved the Balkans, the Caucasus and Middle East and this long-running British policy kept on affecting on Ottoman State and its foreign policy.

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1980 Sonrası Ülkemiz Ekonomisinde Yaşanan Krizlerin İktisadi Yapıya Etkisi

1980 Sonrası Ülkemiz Ekonomisinde Yaşanan Krizlerin İktisadi Yapıya Etkisi

Author(s): Zübeyir Turan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2018

Financial crisis is defined as sharp fluctuations of prices and quantities, occurring in financial markets reflecting as drastic economic problems with payments defaults in the banking sector, which in no way is impendent from each other. Crisis in one sector contaminates other sectors within small time intervals, which initially seems to be in periods. Many financial crises have occurred in the world since the 1970s. Although, a turning point like 1990‟s affected most countries leading to economic instability. Like in the past, most developing countries are not similar in terms of their socio-economic structure, on the other hand financial crises witnessed show several similarities. These financial crises, enlarged with the panic observed in the international investment markets, complemented with speculative attacks has diverged the financial capital flow among countries. Unemployment figures of the world have risen at the point of crisis in the end of 2008. As a result of the contraction in the foreign trade due to the crisis, the Gross Domestic Product of our country has been declining in great proportions. The effect of the crises on our country's economy has been examined in the study.

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20 Years of WTO – Effects of Its Activity and Perspectives of Its Functioning in the Context of Proliferation of Regional Agreements in the World Trade

20 Years of WTO – Effects of Its Activity and Perspectives of Its Functioning in the Context of Proliferation of Regional Agreements in the World Trade

Author(s): Elżbieta Majchrowska / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2016

The 20th anniversary of the World Trade Organization (WTO) activity celebrated in 2015 has provoked to the analysis and summary of effects of its activity within this period, especially as far as the consequences of the world economic crisis 2008+ are concerned. It is also important in the context of the WTO’s role as the main negotiation forum in the world trade. We may come across opinions that the WTO does not live up to the expectations of the international community, and that the effectively carried out process of trade liberalization has not been a match to the current situation in the world market. Beyond a shadow of a doubt, the last decade has not been the most successful period for the WTO and its position is currently much weaker than at the end of the last century. Still, it seems that a gradual creation of an open system of the global trade, based on common rules, having over 160 countries as its members, is a great achievement.

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2008 KRİZİ SONRASI TÜRKİYE’NİN YENİ PAZARLAR ARAYIŞI UZAK DOĞU ÜLKELERİ
ÖRNEĞİ

2008 KRİZİ SONRASI TÜRKİYE’NİN YENİ PAZARLAR ARAYIŞI UZAK DOĞU ÜLKELERİ ÖRNEĞİ

Author(s): Nigar GULİYEVA / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 40/2018

In 2008, as the global crisis in the US mortgage system in Turkey directly result from the failure of the much palpable in its impact on the country's export and import partners of Turkey has shown itself to direct. During this period, experienced declines in exports and imports with important foreign trade partner for Turkey, the country has gone to the quest for new markets. After the 2008 crisis, Turkey's changed in quest of new trade, usually made with Europe and other regions of imports to exports to the US side, in particular, has begun to shift towards Asia. Made after the 2008 global financial crisis, this study has attempted to examine Turkey's new market seeking, for example, it received mentions the trade with the Far-East countries, focused on products having a significant share in this trade.

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2010: New challenges with new answers

2010: New challenges with new answers

Author(s): Mikuláš Dzurinda / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

At the beginning of the 2010–2014 term of the Government, we considered it inevitable to introduce and bring new quality and new dimension to our foreign policy; a valuebased approach to formulate our clear positions on particular issues.

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2018: Doing well, but no plan B

2018: Doing well, but no plan B

Author(s): Martin Vlachynský / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The year 2018 started with a dip and ended with a dip. While the first encouraged investors to buy, the second sowed fear. With fiscal difficulties in France and Italy, Brexit plans going round in circles and a headstrong president in the US, recession became a popular topic of discussion in late 2018. Meanwhile, Slovakia’s economic policy suggested there was little to worry about in the future.

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21. YÜZYIL ENERJİ SAVAŞLARINDA TÜRK CUMHURİYETLERİ’NİN YERİ ve ÖNEMİ

Author(s): Çağrı Kürşat Yüce / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 17/2013

Energy consumption and the need to continue on a global scale, as in the past and in recent years. Oil and natural gas will continue to be the primary energy source until 2030 despite all the alternatives to meet this need. As a result of this situation, energy resources will continue to be one of the most important determinants of the twenty-first century. In addition, at least a half century, dominance of oil in the field of energy will continue to. Energy experts frequently reported that the “cheap oil” era has ended and price volatility in the oil market will continue to today.The Caucasus and Turkestan (Central Asia) regions including the Turkish Republics maintained its importance throughout history due to various reasons. Today, however, due to the rich energy resources, especially oil and natural gas, they took part in the world’s agenda. In this study, the important actors of the energy wars and reserve status of the energy resources of the Turkish Republics in the Caucasus and Turkestan regions were briefly described. In addition, as well as importance of energy resources for the region and the world’s nations, beginning in the late twentieth century and growing competition over energy resources of the Caspian Sea were discussed today.

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6102 Sayılı TTK Kapsamında Türkiye’de Bağımsız Denetim ve Kurumsal Yönetim Uygulamalarının Değerlendirilmesi: Nitel Bir Araştırma

6102 Sayılı TTK Kapsamında Türkiye’de Bağımsız Denetim ve Kurumsal Yönetim Uygulamalarının Değerlendirilmesi: Nitel Bir Araştırma

Author(s): Yasin Karadeniz / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 4/2015

The purpose of this study is as follows: To explain the new dimension that the corporate governance practices, which have had troubles for years in Turkey, have acquired with the Turkish Commercial Code and, while explaining such relations, to reveal the importance of independent auditing, which could not become fully functional and has gone through many problems again in the practices of our country, and also the importance of present situation and the situation in future with the help of Turkish Commercial Code and corporate governance relations. Interviews as a way of qualitative research has been done face to face with at least one chief auditor (mostly CPAs) working in any of the independent auditing firms in İzmir and Çanakkale cities. Following interviews with auditors it has been revealed that the Turkish Commercial Code, corporate governance in Turkey would contribute positively to development of independent auditing.

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A "GLOBAL" STRATEGY ON CONSTRUCTING "REGIONAL" ADVANTAGE BY REGIONAL
INNOVATION SYSTEMS (RIS)

A "GLOBAL" STRATEGY ON CONSTRUCTING "REGIONAL" ADVANTAGE BY REGIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEMS (RIS)

Author(s): Ayşegül Baykul,Selen Işik Maden / Language(s): English Issue: 19/2019

Studies on regional innovation systems in various geographical levels are gradually increasing. The aim of this study is to reveal the importance of region spatially in the development of innovative capacity. By the regionalization of innovation policies, needs of a specific region or company are exhibited more effectively and it becomes easier to monitor and apply the precautions to be taken. Creating a regional advantage starts with identifying the environments where knowledge production, innovation and entrepreneurship actualise. From this point of view Regional Innovation Systems (RIS) play a strategical role on competitive ability and innovation ability of regions. Systematic malfunctions than can prevent innovation system from operating efficiently can be in question. In this case the intervention of the public need to focus on the malfunctions in the relations, not to overall system. In this sense the regulatory role of the government needs to focus on process-based issues such as developing regional knowledge infrastructure, catalysing to access external knowledge sources, increasing the human capital quality, supporting clusters, establishing networks among innovative actors and supporting them.

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A Basic Necessity of a Modern Fiscal Policy: Voluntary Compliance

A Basic Necessity of a Modern Fiscal Policy: Voluntary Compliance

Author(s): Narcis Eduard Mitu / Language(s): English Issue: 57/2018

Paying taxes can be considered a contribution to the welfare of a society. Taxpayers should perceive the exchange between tax payments and provision of public goods and services as higher. Taxpayers' willingness to cooperate with the state and its institutions in general, and their willingness to pay taxes in particular, depend on a variety of variables. While researchers in the field of taxation highlights the relevance of external variables such as tax rate, income and probability of audits and severity of fines, psychological research shows that internal variables are of similar importance. In this article we present a view on the relevance of citizens' knowledge of tax law, their attitudes towards the government and taxation, fiscal language, level of tax education, as well as motivational tendencies to comply.

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A Call for Establishing a Public Policy for Mitigating the Effects of Dementia on Modern Workplaces

A Call for Establishing a Public Policy for Mitigating the Effects of Dementia on Modern Workplaces

Author(s): Yoram Braw,Erez Cohen,Yael Brender-Ilan,Idit Sohlberg / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

The rise in life expectancy leads to a steady increase in the number employees with neurodegenerative disorders (i.e., dementia) and progressively declining vocational functioning. In the current paper, we describe these changes at the labor market and the challenges they entail. We point towards the key issues that should be taken into consideration when establishing policies for the aging labor market. These include implementing procedures for the early diagnosis of employees with dementias, educating employers regarding dementia and assisting employees already diagnosed with this and other disorders. These solutions will benefit both employees and the workplace overall, as well as decrease misconceptions about aging and dementia. These solutions are thereby to transform the work environment to be more responsive to the needs of employees with declining vocational functioning.

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A CASE STUDY ON THE POTENTIAL BENEFITS OF CONSOLIDATION WITHIN TRANSPORT, LOGISTICS, AND FREIGHT FORWARDING CLUSTERS IN THE POMERANIAN REGION

A CASE STUDY ON THE POTENTIAL BENEFITS OF CONSOLIDATION WITHIN TRANSPORT, LOGISTICS, AND FREIGHT FORWARDING CLUSTERS IN THE POMERANIAN REGION

Author(s): Jagienka Rześny-Cieplińska / Language(s): English Issue: 8/2016

This paper focuses on the advantages of the companies that act in cooperation/clusters, as an approach to prevent the possible gain of interest for competitive products. Companies operating in the forwarding, transportation, and logistics sector are seeking original methods to become competitive. Price has lost its importance when selecting transportation and logistics services providers. Nowadays, it is the quality of service rates that is considered most important, followed by reliability, flexibility, and the product range. We will examine the rest of the factors influencing customers’ choice of freight forwarding, transportation, or logistics operators, in this paper.

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A CGE analysis of the impact of climate change on sustainable development: the case of High Plateaux region, Algeria

A CGE analysis of the impact of climate change on sustainable development: the case of High Plateaux region, Algeria

Author(s): Mohammed Touitou / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

The paper aims to assess the impact of climate change on sustainable development in the case of the High Plateaux region of Algeria. A baseline “climate change” scenario and an “adaptation” scenario were assessed as part of our work. The methodological approach implemented is broken down into three interconnected evaluation phases, pre-modelling phase, modelling phase and post-modelling phase. The work has shown that these complex ex-ante evaluation approaches are adaptable and applicable in the context of Algeria. Our findings indicate that climate change would have a significant impact on economic aggregates on a regional scale. It also highlighted that the calculation of a single index of the impact of environmental policies on the sustainability of arid regions confirms the hypothesis of gaining sustainability by working towards a strategy of adaptation to climate change.

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