ULOGA FRANJEVACA U OBLIKOVANJU IDENTITETA ZAPADNOHERCEGOVAČKIH HRVATA

Author(s): Ivica Šarac / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2015

Western parts of Herzegovina represent in some aspects an atypical place in the BH collective identity whirlpool. The national identity formation processes in West Herzegovina encompass religious, regional and wider national and integrational frames. In all phases it was Franciscans who were the main bearers of these processes. In the second part of the 19th ct. among Herzegovinian Franciscans we have the very first signs of the cultural and political activities, that will in the Ottoman and later in the Austro-Hungarian context have the form of religious, cultural and political organizing on the Croatian national level. The national identity discourse will with time go deeper (through pastoral activities, better traffic connections, organized teaching activities in the villages, through the press, erecting schools etc.). It will grasp Westherzegovinian Catholic villagers already in the time of Austro-Hungarian rule. The changes brought by World War I, especially the advent of the political, party life to the world of villagers as well as more and more intensive political national animosities in the monarchic Yugoslavia, will finish the processes of national defining of all social layers in Western Herzegovina.

Культ икон в православной традиции восточных славян: обряды, обычаи и традиции в прошлом и сегодня

Author(s): Joanna Kozieł / Language(s): Russian Issue: 06/2015

This article discusses the phenomenon of cult of icons in the East Slavic’s culture. The Slavic culture is ingrained in the orthodox tradition. This fact is reflected in a strong impact of religion on the life of society: customs, rituals and art. The icons are one of the most important elements of Orthodoxy Church and for that reason they are close associated with Russian culture. Despite prolonged atheisation, the Slavic culture is ingrained in the orthodox tradition and cult of the icons. It is noticeable not only in Russian churches, but also in ordinary life of believers. Majority of homes of Orthodox Christian have special space: «beautiful» corner with icons. Moreover, role of the icons emphasize in language: there is a lot of idiom and phrases connected with icons.

Восточнохристиянские реликвии

Author(s): Alexander Minchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2005

Les Cahiers/Notebooks/Caietele Tristan Tzara. Ouvrage conçu et réalisé par Vasile Robciuc. Moineşti, Docuprint, Tomes 5&6 (Vols. XXIV-XXX, Nos 106-152), 2015.

Author(s): Aglika Popova / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2016

Comments on the Notebooks Tristan Tzara, Miscelanea about avant-garde writers and artists

Девета българо-американска научна конференция в областта на хуманитарните науки – Университет на Орегон

Author(s): Anisava Miltenova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 24/2012

Сравняване на социалистическите телевизионни култури: проектът „Screening Socialism“ („Медийно изучаване на социализма“)

Author(s): Sabina Mihelj / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

ТРАКТОВКИ ХАДИСА О РАСКОЛЕ УММЫ В ТРУДАХ ТАТАРСКИХ РЕФОРМАТОРОВ ИСЛАМА

Author(s): Damir Adgamovich Shagaviev / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3 (2)/2013

The article deals with the opinions of Tatar theologists who were the representatives of the so-called Jadidism – a reformatory movement of Tatar Muslims that took place in the 19th and early 20th centuries – in relation to the Prophet Muhammad’s saying about the schism in his community and the afterlife salvation of only one of its groups. The analysis is based on the theological works of four prominent Tatar scholars of Islam: A. Kursavi, Sh. Marjani, R. Fakhretdinov, and M. Bigiev. These works are studied in chronological order to reveal the evolution of the views concerning the entire Muslim reformatory movement among the Tatars in general. In addition, the question as to whether the Tatar theological heritage can foster tolerance among modern Muslims is considered.

СИМВОЛ В СМЕНЕ КУЛЬТУРНЫХ ЭПОХ

Author(s): Sergey Sharakov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2015

The interest to symbolic structures of the literary text has intensified in Russian literary studies during the last decades. Symbols have acquired many interpretations. Thus, the problem of subjectivity and arbitrary interpretation appeared. An approach is suggested in this paper that would allow defining criteria of scientific validity in symbol interpretation. Cultural and historical specificity of the symbol in the Antiquity, Middle Ages, and Modern Era is proved. Every symbolization type is analyzed from the point of its cultural and historical content, as well as categorical environment.

Professor Marcin Wadowita (1567 – 1641), an Example of a Brilliant Academic Career in Old Kraków

Author(s): Tomasz Graff / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2012

The paper portrays the academic career of an exquisite Cracovian professor Marcin Wadowita (1567 and 1641). He was born in a small town of Wadowice . In his youth he used to look after pigs but towards the end of his life he was one of the most acknowledged scholars in Cracow, holding a function of the Dean of the Department of Theology and vice chancellor at the University of Cracow. When he died, the whole city mourned him. The University of Cracow at that time was undergoing a period of stagnation. Permanent lack of financial resources was making itself painfully felt. Additionally, the well-being of the University was constantly threatened by the Jesuit schools. Notwithstanding all the hardships, however, there appeared some exceptional scientific personalities, such as Wadowita, who managed to raise admiration of such figures as Pope Clement VIII. The author, discussing Wadowita’s academic career, will present it against a broader background of functioning of the academic environment in Cracow in the 2nd half of the 16th and the 1st half of the 17th century.

OSMANLI DEVLETİ’NDE FAİZ ve TEFECİLİĞE KARŞI ZİRÂÎ KREDİ TEŞKİLATLARI

Author(s): Ferhat Güngör / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 31/2016

Until the second half of the 19th century, no state established agricultural credit organizations existed in the Ottoman Empire to serve the credit needs of farmers. Farmers, in turn, took out high interest rate loans from loan sharks and moneylenders. When farmers were unable pay their loans, they were thrown into an inextricable situation of interest being added onto the interest of the debt. Midhat Pasha, during his governorship of Nis, established “Memleket Sandıkları” (Country Funds) on November 20th 1863, the first agricultural credit organization in Şehirköy-Pirot, in order to rescue farmers from the grip of loan sharks and moneylenders as well as strengthen ties with Ottoman subjects. Over time, establishments with the same objectives, such as “Ziraat Sandıkları” (Agriculture Funds) and “Menâfi Sandıkları” (Benefit Funds) appeared, followed by the 1888 establishment of the modern organization “Ziraat Bankası” (The Agricultural Bank), which has maintained its presence. This paper explores in depth the historical development of the concept of loans as well as interesting events pertaining to the farmer exploiting moneylenders and loan sharks in the Ottoman State who were against the implementation of credit organizations.

ДВЕ МОДЕЛИ АМЕРИКАНСКОЙ УТОПИИ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ПРОИЗВЕДЕНИЙ Э. БЕЛЛАМИ И Р. ХАЙНЛАЙНА)

Author(s): Dmitry Evgenievich Martynov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2016

This paper is devoted to the utopian genre in the United States during the period of 1880–1940. Practical orientation of the society for implementation of the utopia is a specific feature of the utopian consciousness, as well as, therefore, of the utopian fiction in America. The United States embraced the European tradition of constructing a utopian ideal, in which inversion allowing the imagination to simultaneously overcome the reality and create a radically different world is the main method. Whereas egalitarianism was the ideal of European utopianists, the American utopia very early took the idea of justice; it was more associated with the equality of opportunities, rather than with the equality of property and consumption. Thus, E. Bellamy’s utopian novel “Looking Backward, 2000–1887” (1888), with no literary merit, made a revolution in the minds of both the United States and Europe, thereby laying the basis for a number of major social trends, especially in the sphere of consumption. R. Heinlein made an attempt to create his own utopian ideal in the second half of the 1930s. He faced the misunderstanding among publishers and completely switched to writing commercial science fiction.

DENİZCİLİKTE TÜRK YÖNETİM TARİHİ

Author(s): Polat Yücekaya / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 32/2016

In this study, the naval history of Turkish nation has been examined. Especially the periods when the navy failed are examinated. Firstly,the reasons of failure were determined in order to have a strong navy in history. During this study, Review of Published books and magazines about the subject in the light of literature. Make Suggestions for future about historical events and their consequences.

AZƏRBAYCANDA REGİONAL İNKİŞAF PROBLEMLƏRİ VƏ REGİONAL SİYASƏT

Author(s): Xatirə Hüseynova / Language(s): Azerbaijani Issue: 6/2010

This article analyzes the problems of regional development in Azerbaijan and detailed information about the regional policy of Azerbaijan in various economic areas. Shown for solutions to the problem of regional development at the present stage should take into account the systemic and complex target complex programs and their development.

Правописът на Марин Дринов – минало, съвременност, бъдъште

Author(s): Peter K. Petrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1-2/2015

Marin Drinov’s views on the structure of the new Bulgarian literary and mainly – unified Bulgarian spelling are a significant portion of his versatile scientific work. The article focuses on these views. And its author Peter Petrov observes spelling closest to that of Marin Drinov. The paper is published without editorial intervention.

За един малко известен демонологичен персонаж „бробняча“ (По теренни материали от гр. Чипровци)

Author(s): Vanya Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1-2/2017

The current article is devoted to a not so widely known in the specialized Bulgarian ethnological literature demonic creature, mostly known in two villages in Northwestern Bulgaria (Chiprovtsi and Zhelezna) and called brobnyacha. The lexeme brobnyacha can only be found in one official Bulgarian language dictionary – the one published in 1908 by N. Gerov. When trying to position the brobnyacha in the Bulgarian and South Balkan folklore mythological pantheon it turns out to be a combined image of different supernatural demonic creatures’ characteristics – vampir – vampire, samodiva – fairy, karakondzhul etc, but without enough common ground with any of them (in terms of chronotopic positioning and actual actions). It is also impossible to sort the brobnyacha as one of the well-known types of witch (magyosnitsa, mamnitsa, bayachka, znaharka, veshtica) among the same regions of Orthodox population. However, the comparative analysis made points to similarities and allows for analogies with the tragically known ‘witch hunting’ in Central and Western Europe. There are also many similarities to witches from the classical fiction literature. In the search of an acceptable explanation, the hypothesis is presented that after the Chiprovtsi uprising in 1688, part of the refugees who at first settle in lands controlled by the Hapsburgs at that time could have become witnesses to ‘belated’ trials against witches in the end of the 17th and the beginning of the 18th century. Since the fate of many of those refugees and their descendants remains unknown, it is logical to conclude that some of them returned to Chiprovtsi and memories of the witch trials have been transformed in the image of the brobnyacha. According to some of the informants the brobnyacha of Chiprovtsi vomits the blood drunk – the same actions is to be seen by the so-called striga of the mountains in Northern Albania. This does not seem to be coincidental and, if the theory about an Albanian presence in the described area of the Chiprovtsi region before 1688 is accepted, which can be confirmed also through the recording of typical Albanian given names in the Ottoman Empire’s tax registers from the region.

Razvoj i izgradnja Bjelovara u kartografskim izvorima: od vojne utvrde do slobodnoga i kraljevskog grada

Author(s): Mirela Slukan Altić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2007

Thanks to its distinguished place in Croatian history, the town of Bjelovar has been the subject of many cartographic outlines during the 250 years of its existence, which faithfully witnesses its historical continuity and strong cultural identity. Bjelovar was mentioned in cartographic sources for the first time in 1639, 117 years before its founding. Since then, based on many cartographic sources, we can follow its development from a military fort to a free royal city or, in other words, until nowadays, when Bjelovar is an administrative, economy and cultural centre of the Bjelovar-Bilogora County. Because of its exceptional historical role as the headquarters of Varaždin military border, being the County seat, we can follow Bjelovar in detail from the first years of its existence until today. The above mentioned sources enable us to see the outlook and structure of the town, its construction and expansion, the rising of its economy, infrastructural problem solving, and its connection with the surroundings and every day life of its citizens. Because of all that is mentioned above, the cartographic outlines of Bjelovar are an unavoidable historical source, which testifies on its development and rich cultural heritage, which needs to be preserved for future generations as an important piece of common heritage. From these you can clearly see what is the cultural and historical identity of this city, which should be a starting point for conservation protection and future development plans. A scientific analysis of the mentioned cartographic resources confirms that Bjelovar has already been a part of European history and cultural heritage for a long time. This paper is the author’s attempt to collect all the cartographic resources for the history of Bjelovar and, by their scientific analyses, contribute to new findings on the historical development of Bjelovar and historical-geographic conditions of its development.

Prilog istraživanju povijesti Židova u Bjelovaru

Author(s): Mladen Medar / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2007

In this work, writing about a topic not explored until the present moment; life, work, and the sufferings of the Jewish population, who were an important part of social, cultural, and economic, especially of commercial and industrial life in Bjelovar, the author for the first time shows in detail and in chronological order a sequence of unpublished details from their past, especially from the lives of distinguished individuals ( paying particular attention to the first Jewish temple in Bjelovar from the year 1882 and the representative synagogue, built from 1913 to 1917) as an undividable part of the general historical problems of Bjelovar in a large range from the 18th to the 20th century, that is from the foundation of the town in the year 1756 to their emigration and sufferings during the Second World War, and particular activities during the years after the war.

История, етнология и биография в ръкопис по граматика

Author(s): Evgeny Marushev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 18/2019

The text describes the grammatical manuscript “Dodavka na slavyanskata gramatika” by Dimitar Yanakiev Biserov from Dupnitsa town. It reveals the important personal qualities of the author, his birthplace and his epoch – the middle part of 19th century.

Заштита на стопанските места во доцноантичкиот период во Виничкиот, Кочанскиот, Штипскиот и Светиниколскиот регион

Author(s): Trajce Nacev,Dragan Veselinov / Language(s): Macedonian Issue: 18/2019

The mines, roads and border crossing points in the Late Antique period represented places that were of great importance for the development of the economy in a society. Because of this significance, these economic places in the Late Antiquity were protected in purpose to defend them428selves from various hostile activities. The protection of the economic places during this period was realized through the construction of fortifications. These types of fortifications from the Late Antique period are also found in the regions of Vinica, Kochani, Shtip and Sveti Nikole.The mines, roads and border crossing points in the Late Antique period represented places that were of great importance for the development of the economy in a society. Because of this significance, these economic places in the Late Antiquity were protected in purpose to defend themselves from various hostile activities. The protection of the economic places during this period was realized through the construction of fortifications. These types of fortifications from the Late Antique period are also found in the regions of Vinica, Kochani, Shtip and Sveti Nikole.

Narvik, a Swedish Norwegian Border Town

Author(s): Steinar Aas / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

This article gives an insight into the industrialization and colonization processes of northern Scandinavia. Urbanization due to industrialization is a vital part of the perspective, and brings us into an industrial mega system in Swedish Lapland in the late nineteenth century based on iron ore export. It was to be connected to the industrial centre of Europe, especially the Ruhrgebiet of Germany, and paved the way for a new kind of urban development in peripheral Europe – the industrial network town. The history and foundation of the Norwegian harbour town Narvik is vital for gaining insight into this mega system. By studying Narvik we can envisage particularities of, and similarities and differences between Norway and Sweden when it comes to their urban economic foundations, urban development/planning regimes, and the relations between the municipalities, the modern nation states and the dominating companies. Even the development of a uniquely Scandinavian identity connected with the labour movement and the development of a post-war social democrat order visibly results from the new industries. Thus the common Swedish-Norwegian figure of the rallar – something like navvy or construction worker – has a significant place in this study, and the use of the figure in addition to later processes of memory creation, both within the Norwegian and Swedish labour movements, is addressed.