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This report examines how cultural beliefs and practices influence gun ownership and use in SEE, and how these might affect SALW control interventions. It was initially researched by the Center for the Study of Democracy (CSD), Bulgaria during Autumn 2005 and Spring 2006. It was compiled and drafted by Mr. Philip Gounev, Research Fellow, Centre for the Study of Democracy and Mr. Marko Hajdinjak, Researcher, International Centre for Minority Studies and Intercultural Relations, Bulgaria. // An anthropological approach was taken to better understand the reasons for civilian gun ownership and use, and the ways in which society represents these behaviours, in Albania, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Moldova, Serbia and Montenegro (including the UN Administered Territory of Kosovo). A wide variety of research tools were used including household surveys (HHS) conducted by SEESAC and UNDP, focus group transcripts, secondary literature searches, statistical data, anthropological field studies, the Internet, print and electronic media.
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Sándor Vadász was 80 years old in 2010. His colleagues greeted him with studies. At the end of the volume there is an interview with professor Vadász about his life.
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The book presents the results of new research in Slovak history in the field or period called “the long 19th century”, i.e. dating from the rule of Joseph II. in the late 18th century until the First World War. The focus of research was on the themes and domains which were either neglected in the past or needed reconsidering. The book centres on five fields and is composed of five chapters. The first chapter is called “The Nation and the national issue”. It presents new aspects by exploring one of the most principal themes of 19th century. In his study, László Vörös reflects about the modern concept of the nation, which won recognition by the most contemporary historians, ethnologists and sociologists: the nation as an imagined community and an imagined tradition which is connected with the modernisation epoch. Nationalism is specifically an urban phenomenon. In the Slovak historiography, the national movement had been explored mostly in the rural area, in the peasant milieu, because the majority of the Slovak ethnic population was composed of peasants. Eva Kowalská aimed to change this perspective and concentrated on explaining urban aspects of Slovak nationalism. In case of Slovakia, these aspects are more interesting since the Slovaks in the 19th century had no important central city, and only small towns in the countryside (like Turčiansky Sv. Martin), had tried to compensate this lack. In his contribution, Peter Macho summarises how the symbol of the Tatra mountains as well as other Slovak geographic-territorial symbols were present in the Slovak nationalist discourse. Peter Šoltés elaborates on the theme and the activities of the Slovak Evangelical intelligentsia in the first half of the 19th century. The second chapter “The National movement in foreign and domestic politics” deals with the important connection of nationalism and politics. Slovak foreign political thought was traditionally orientated toward the Russian Empire. In his contribution, Dušan Kováč shows the other side of the Slovak foreign orientation: their attitude to the Western powers England and France. Dušan Škvarna attempts at a reconsideration of the role and inspiring function of the Slovak National Council, established during the 1848 revolution. The Swiss political scientist Josette Baer, a specialist in the field of Slavonic and lately mainly of Slovak political thought, presents her analysis of the early political activities of Vavro Šrobár (an important personality of Slovak politics in the 20th century), especially his leading role in the so-called “Hlasist movement”. The third chapter is dedicated to the juridical system and economic issues. Tomáš Gábriš presents a very useful survey of the juridical system in Hungary and its changes in the era of modernization during the 19th century. His paper shows that in Hungary the tendency to modernize was clashing with very difficult obstacles, mainly ideological and political ones. The attempt to create the centralised “nation state” in Hungary restrained the most important liberal-democratic reforms of the juridical system. In her contribution, Eva Ondrušová deals with the traditional studies of economic cameralism and its influence on the economic theory and practise in the 19th century. Ľudovít Hallon and Miroslav Sabol follow the history of the Pittel and Brausewetter architectural company, which was much closely connected with and active in the very broad Pressburg (Bratislava) area. Very new themes are presented in the forth chapter named “Society, social life and environment”. Gabriela Dudeková outlines the system of poor relief in the Habsburg monarchy; her focus is on the mechanisms how the authorities denied social care to specific groups in Hungary. Slovak emigration to America is a very traditional issue in Slovak historiography. Igor Harušťák tries to consider this problem in the broader Central- and East-European context. Prior to 1989, research about the nobility as a social strata was neglected in Slovak historiography. Even after 1989, this theme was intensively researched mainly in the period of middle ages and the early modern times. However, from the social point of view, important and interesting issues are e. g. the nobility’s life style as well as the attempts of these “high society” members to preserve their status in the modern 19th century. Daniel Hupko deals with these issues focussing on the example of Lucia Wilczek. Roman Holec presents a completely new approach in his contribution about the changes in the relationship ‘man – animal’ as manifestation of a new attitude to nature during the 19th century. The last chapter of this volume is dedicated to “The Churches in the social – modernizing processes “.Ingrid Kušniráková analyses the controversial interferences of Joseph II. into the life of the Roman Catholic Church, especially the closing-down of some cloisters. Tomáš Králik focuses on the relations of the Vienna court to the St. Elisabeth convent in Pressburg (Bratislava). The chapters of this collective monograph will serve as a basis for the draft of a new synthetis on Slovak history in the “long 19th century”.
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The book I'm offering to the readers’ attention includes two parts - a brief introduction to the Chinese hieroglyphs in order to clarify their function in Japanese writing and etymology of one hundred Chinese hieroglyphs. The hundred hieroglyphs are selected by the Chinese Ministry of Culture in a way that is representative of the hieroglyphs as a whole. I hope this book will be useful to all who are interested in hieroglyphic cultures. – Bratislav Ivanov
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Bratislav Ivanov is a Bulgarian author of works in areas of linguistics and culture of Japan and a translator from Japanese language. He graduated in Japanese Language and Literature from the Moscow State University. He took his specialization at the Japanese Language Institute. He is the author of many Japanese language articles and books, as well as a series of translations of classical Japanese poetry. He is the first classical Japanese language teacher at Sofia University. Bratislav Ivanov teaches Theoretical Grammar of Japanese Language at Sofia University and Veliko Tarnovo University "St. St. Cyril and Methodius". At present, he is the director of the Bulgarian-Japanese Educational and Cultural Center at the 18th School "William Gladstone" in Sofia. In 2009, Bratislav Ivanov was awarded the oldest Japanese Order - the Order of the Rising Sun - for contributions to the Japanese language studies and his teaching in Bulgaria.
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The book studies the Ancient Egyptian religion. The author describes the creation and its driving forces through the view of Egyptian concepts. The idea of God and the divine manifestations, the place of man in the world and the ways to achieve immortality are explored. The exposition is based on the study of ancient hieroglyphic texts and is illustrated with numerous examples. The book is intended for a wide range of readers who are interested in the religion and culture of Ancient Egypt. It contains three chapters: the world of gods, the creation of the world and the world of men. Special attention is paid on the concept of the kingship in Ancient Egypt. The Egyptian terminology and the names of gods and goddesses are formed as a dictionary at the еnd of the book.
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"Amduat – Text of the Hidden Chamber" is an ancient Egyptian esoteric book that describes and magically recreates the journey of the Sun God to Duat (the Realm of the Dead). The book has been recorded on the walls of the royal tombs in the Valley of the Kings - it contains the names of the inhabitants of the afterlife, their sacred images and spells to overcome the obstacles in this journey. It is a secret doctrine taught by the Egyptian king and his companions. It appears for the first time in the middle of the second millennium BC, and its tradition is preserved until the sunset of Egyptian civilization. The book is a magical means of immortality, and with its help one goes the same space cycle to his resurrection as the Sun God on his night journey to the new sunrise. The edition contains an introduction, a translation from Ancient Egyptian and a commentary on the book. It is published for the first time in Bulgarian.
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The "Book of the Gates" is the third book of Ancient Egyptian Religious Texts series, which includes the main works of the Egyptian sacred tradition. "The Book of the Gates" is an ancient Egyptian magical book devoted to journey of the god of sun to the afterlife. Its name has been given because of the gates that close the spaces between the various parts of the underground kingdom. The book is intended for the Egyptian ruler; it was unavailable to the uninitiated. It first appeared in the middle of the New Kingdom (XIV BCE) and was recorded on the walls of the royal tombs.This edition contains an introduction, an ancient Egyptian translation (accompanied by translation), images of the scenes and commentary. It is published for the first time in Bulgarian.
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„The Prince” was written by Niccolo' Machiavelli in the 1500s. It has continued to be a best seller in many languages. The Prince is a classic book that explores the attainment, maintenance, and utilization of political power in the western world. Machiavelli wrote The Prince to demonstrate his skill in the art of the state, presenting advice on how a prince might acquire and hold power. Machiavelli defended the notion of rule by force rather than by law. Accordingly, The Prince seems to rationalize a number of actions done solely to perpetuate power. It is an examination of power-its attainment, development, and successful use.
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The gardening in Hungary owes much to three Bulgarian settlements: Lyaskovets, Draganovo, Polikraishte. Two museums (in Budapest and Lyaskovets) testify to the importance of this link in Bulgarian-Hungarian relations. Draganovo is a village in Gorna Oryahovitsa Municipality, in Central Bulgaria. Draganovo is known in the area for its farms and vegetable gardens. Due to the fertile soil around the village, it is one of the main producers of cabbage and tomatoes in the central/northeastern regions of Bulgaria. After World War II gardeners from Draganovo has been dispatched to Hungary and other parts of Europe to help rebuild the land and make it fertile again. The river Yantra flows through the village. The river contributes for the village's fertile soils. In this book, you will find specific words, part of the dialect of speech from the village Draganovo, collected in a dictionary by Rumen Stoyanov.
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The book approaches the history of Latvia from the earlist traces of human habitat to the present. It is a rather detailed analysis blending methods of political history, social history, economic history, international relations, nationalities studies, etc. and tackling the main lines of history of all communities living or which have lived in Latvia.
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An intellectual biography of one of the most influential Chinese political and social thinkers at the turn of XIXth/XXth centuries.
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The lexicon is divided into four chapters. The first one is a detailed introduction, where we present a professional background of our topic, the significance of our research, the structure of our work, as well as the used literature and sources, in addition to an overview of the Arab-Hungarian relations. In the second and longest chapter, we portray biographies of the Arab personalities. In the third one, we examine the most important historical events in the Arab world, such as the Arab-Israeli wars, the nationalization of the Suez Canal, and the parallel crisis of 1956. In the last chapter, we briefly introduce concepts related to the stories and biographies found in the volume.Only a few results of Arabic historiography have been integrated into modern Hungarian research. Therefore, we consider it a priority to fill this gap. The aim of this work is to create a lexicon in which we gather – in the form of articles – the most eminent Arab personalities (approximately 1000), who were/are decisive in political, economic, military or even cultural life and others associated with the Arab world.
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The cultural relations between India and Romania are interesting to study and to understand. India is a country of immense diversity, of extraordinary customs, and a genuine feast of opinions, which attracts researchers from all over the world. Romanians are people with a profound sensibility. The two cultures met on the common ground of spirituality and the results are remarkable, as it is shown in this special volume.
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The 𝑇𝑎𝑟𝑛𝑜𝑣𝑜 𝐿𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑟𝑦 𝑆𝑐ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑙 collections contain reports from the recurrent international symposium “Tarnovo Literary School”, which is the oldest and most respected forum on Old Bulgarian studies in Bulgaria and worldwide. It was held for the first time in 1971 under the auspices of UNESCO, and the first collection of articles came out in 1976. The𝑇𝑎𝑟𝑛𝑜𝑣𝑜 𝐿𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑟𝑦 𝑆𝑐ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑙 collections are among the most cited editions in the fields of Old Bulgarian studies and research into medieval Bulgarian spiritual and material culture from its pre-Tarnovo and Tarnovo periods, as well as on the cultural and literary ties between Byzantium, Bulgaria, and the Eastern Orthodox Slavic world. The main purpose of 𝑇𝑎𝑟𝑛𝑜𝑣𝑜 𝐿𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑟𝑦 𝑆𝑐ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑙 is to publish scholarly articles by Bulgarian and foreign researchers in the field of interdisciplinary medieval studies in order to explore the cultural and historical heritage of the Second Bulgarian Empire.
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The international scientific conference "Dissidence in Contemporary History" was held on November 19, 2009, at the Croatian Institute of History in Zagreb. The conference was organized by the institute's project "Power and Society: The Communist System of Governance in Croatia 1945-1990", and the immediate impetus for its organization was given by Mr. Daniel Ivin. The organizing committee conceived of the topic of dissidence to be approached exclusively analytically, with an emphasis on the following questions: methodological problems, historical-political framework, the system in Croatia and Yugoslavia, the attitude of foreign countries towards dissidents, individuals, social groups and movements in Croatia, the relationship between politics and culture and "case studies".
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Some time ago, Dr. sc. Milan Kruhek, a former director and longtime employee of the Croatian Institute of History, turned seventy. With his dedicated scientific work, as well as his many years of leading the Department of Medieval History at the Croatian Institute of History, Dr. sc. Milan Kruhek has gained a reputation, both in Croatia and abroad, as one of the leading experts on Croatian medieval and early modern history. Precisely for this reason, and at the suggestion of the employees of the Department of Medieval History, the director of the Croatian Institute of History, Dr. sc. Jasna Turkalj, decided to honor him with a collection of papers in his honor.
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The book before you is dedicated to our dear colleague and friend Zef Mirdita. In this way, we want to thank him for his exceptionally fruitful, almost 50-year scientific work, and especially for the days he has spent and still spends with us at the Croatian Institute of History in Zagreb from 1993 to the present day. Professor Mirdita has also been an honorary member and advisor of the Albanian Institute (Albanisches Institut) in St. Gallen (Switzerland) since its foundation in 2002. Although he retired in 2004, the scientific community of the Croatian Institute of History will always consider him its distinguished member whose research results are an indispensable part of not only Croatian and Albanian but also European historiography. His life and scientific path took place (and still actively takes place) between Croatia and Albanians (especially Kosovo).
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Volumul de față reprezintă o premieră în peisajul editorial românesc, fiind o radiografie a învățământului românesc din perspectiva limbilor studiate și a oportunităților disponibile de găsire a unui loc de muncă pentru cunoscătorii de limbi străine. Cercetarea întreprinsă de un colectiv de 30 de autori prezintă în amănunt, inclusiv prin mijloace grafice și fotografii, valorificând sursele de informare disponibile, pregătirea multilingvă în România – la nivel preuniversitar, universitar și postunivesitar, precum și în context extrașcolar –, la aceasta adăugându-se o analiză amănunțită a competențelor lingivistice și a inserției pe piața muncii din România. Cele șapte anexe completează și sintetizează informațiile cuprinse în capitolele cărții.Cartea se adresează, așadar, nu doar profesorilor de limbi străine sau angajatorilor, ci și tuturor acelora care sunt interesați să afle detalii riguros documentate despre prezența limbilor materne și moderne în mediul educațional și profesional românesc, în contextul unui mediu european și internațional dinamic din punct de vedere economic, social și politic, în care cunoașterea limbilor străine de către cetățenii români, dar și cunoașterea limbii române de către cetățenii străini care studiază și lucrează în România reprezintă un element care poate asigura o bună inserție pe piața educțională și a muncii.The present volume is unique on the Romanian publishing market, as it is a comprehensive overview of the Romanian education system from the perspective of the languages present in the curricula and of the opportunities for insertion on the labour market available for language proficient individuals. The result of research undertaken by a group of 30 authors, the book provides extensive details on and a cross-regional comparison of the opportunities for studying languages at pre-university, university and extracurricular level, with valuable appendices that complement and summarize the information presented throughout the book.The volume is therefore aimed not only at foreign language teachers or employers, but also at all those who are interested in finding out rigorously documented details about the presence of languages in the Romanian educational and professional environment, against the background of a dynamic economic, social and political European and international context, in which proficiency in foreign languages by Romanian citizens, as well as the mastery of the Romanian language by foreign citizens studying and working in Romania, are key elements that may ensure a good insertion on the educational and labor market.
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