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MIDHAT BEGIĆ JUČE I DANAS

Author(s): Hanifa Kapidžić-Osmanagić / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Kad smo prije gotovo tri decenije, nakon njegove smrti (16. 11. 1983) okupljali svjedoke jednog života i djela, poznavaoce, saradnike i poštovatelje i pripremali broj časopisa Izraz njemu posvećen, ispunjavalo nas je, toga se dobro sjećam, osjećanje nenadoknadivog gubitka. Danas, u povodu stogodišnjice njegovog rođenja (12. 07. 1911), nakon što smo, jednom više, iščitavali tog pjesnika eseja, mislim da dominira svijest o nemjerljivom dobitku. Djelo koje je ostavio Midhat Begić stameno je i nezaobilazno, na njega se pozivaju, u odnosu na njega određuju oni pisci, književni teoretičari i kritičari koji su svjesni svoga duga i nastoje da kroče stazama na koje im je on ukazao, - i dalje od njih-, jednako kao i oni koji u poletu ostvarivanja svojih zamisli definišu sebe kroz Begićevo djelimično poricanje ili omeđivanje njegovog uticaja. Midhata Begića privlačili bi i jedni i drugi. Begić je dobro znao da se do stvaralačke istine, one koja može voditi naprijed, ne može kročiti samo istim, istosmjernim putevima. U svojim stavovima naš teoretičar i rodonačelnik nije bio znanstveno sujetan: imao je onu rijetku a urođenu mogućnost distanciranja od samoga sebe, u polemikama nije istrajavao na apriorizmima, nego samo, i uvijek, ali onda do dna mogućeg zaključivanja, na argumentima.

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MIDHAT BEGIĆ ROMANIST

Author(s): Vesna Čaušević-Kreho / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Kao jedna od najznačajnijih pojava u modernoj povijesti bosanskohercegovačke i jugoslavenske književnokritičke misli, Midhat Begić je svojim radovima iz oblasti francuske književnosti uveliko doprinio razvoju romanističkih studija na ovim prostorima. Neki autori, tekstovi, djela, književna događanja u njegovim su esejima po prvi put u BiH i Jugoslaviji sustavno proučavani i predstavljeni ovdašnjoj publici. Ta proučavanja, međutim, bila su rjeđe sama sebi cilj, a češće poticaj za problematiziranje aktualnih pitanja o književnosti uopće, te za definiranje i uobličavanje Begićevih vlastitih kritičarsko-teorijskih pozicija. Po vokaciji romanist, što na tematskom, teorijskom i idejnom planu bitno profilira njegove eseje - u prvoj knjizi Raskršća ovo je veoma izraženo - Begić je i jugoslavist, ali po interesovanjima i u praksi mnogo više od toga: intelektualac impozantnog formata i erudicije, kozmopolit u pravom smislu riječi. Stoga je njegovo djelo kompleksno i razuđeno, te ga valja izučavati iz romanističke, slavističke, komparatističke perspektive, pritom ne gubeći iz vida ni činjenicu da su ga romanistička formacija i trajna profesionalna i privatna upućenost na Francusku uveliko oblikovali kao kritičara i esejistu.

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BEGIĆI EVROPSKA MODERNISTIČKA KNJIŽEVNOST

Author(s): Nihad Agić / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Pitanje odnosa Midhata Begića prema evropskoj modernističkoj, ponajprije francuskoj književnosti, pokazuje se kao pitanje hijerarhije razina, jer ovaj lucidni esejist, osebujni kritičar i književnoznanstveni erudita svoj odnos prema ovom kompleksu problema zasniva na teorijsko-estetičkoj, književnopovijesnoj i književnokritičkoj ravni Kao i u bezbroj drugih prigoda, i o problemu modernističke književnosti on odabire saputničko stajalište, dakle stajalište viđenja određene književno-estetičke pojave uz pomoć književnog ili filozofskog autoriteta s tog područja. To je učinio u svom ključnom estetičko-teorijskom tekstu Moderno i klasično, te u kritičko-teorijskim i književnopovijesnim tekstovima Od impresije do strukture i dijalektike i Jedna književna metamorfoza. Kad promišlja o odnosu modernog i klasičnog, u pomoć poziva Andrea Malrauxa, odnosno Jeana Cassoua; kad raspravlja o nadrealizmu ili o izvorima moderne poezije, pažljivo osluškuje glasove Marka Ristića i Dušana Matića, a kad daje skicu ili kratku panoramu francuskog modernističkog romana, poziva se na Pierrea de Boisdeffrea. Jedini Begićevi tekstovi u kojima on odbacuje sjenu književnokritičkog saputnika jesu oni u kojima piše o Andreu Gideu, J.-P. Sartreu i Albertu Camusu.

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BEGIĆEVI PUTOKAZI

Author(s): Predrag Matvejević / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Bili smo znatiželjni i neiskusni, ratna generacija koja se na brzinu doškolovala. Nastojali smo nadoknaditi “izgubljeno vrijeme” te prionuti na posao. Sudjelovali smo na izgradnji omladinskih pruga, zbližili se jedni s drugima na radnim akcijama. Nadali se. Očekivali.

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NEISPUNJENA ŽELJA PROFESORA BEGIĆA - ZA ISTORIJU BOSANSKOHERCEGOVAČKE KNJIŽEVNOSTI

Author(s): Čedo Kisić / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

U mome sjećanju živi na jedan osebujan način lik Midhata Begića, pisca znamenitih Raskršća, osnivača i prvog urednika časopisa Izraz i mog dugogodišnjeg i dragog prijatelja. Vidim ga i danas u redakciji Odjeka, u kojuje često dolazio i čiji je predsjednik Savjeta bio, kad govori o onome što mu se u reviji svidjelo ili nije. Vidim ga na okruglim stolovima u Gradačcu, Bihaću, Fojnici, Višegradu, Trebinju, Mostaru, Stocu, u Drinovcima. Vidim ga na odmoru u Trpnju, Kiseljaku, Dubrovniku, u Nacionalnoj biblioteci u Parizu i na simpoziju “Susreti kultura i civilizacija na tlu Bosne i Hercegovine”. Vidim ga na Racinovim susretima u Makedoniji i u šetnji obalom Miljacke. I sjetim se njegovih uvodnih riječi na brojnim simpozijima i književnim i kulturnim skupovima, bez čije inspirativne uloge oni ne bi imali značaj i odjek kakav su imali. Ovih dana ponovo sam čitao njegov sjajni esej o Isidori Sekulić, za čije djelo kaže daje “ispunilo toliko zatečenih praznina, a istovremeno otvorilo toliko novih vidika, i d a je ono “jednako prisno govorilo o svim našim različitostima.” Govoreći o velikoj književnici i misleći na nju, on je govorio 0 sebi, j er upravo j e profesor Begić j ednako prisno govorio i pisao o svim našim različitostima, da niko ne bude zanemaren ni oštećen.

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JEDNO SASVIM LIČNO SVEDOČENJE O ČASOPISU IZRAZ U VREME GLAVNOG UREDNIKA MIDHATA BEGIĆA

Author(s): Ješa Denegri / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Kada je 1988. časopis Izraz obeležavao tridesetu godišnjicu izlaženja, za tu priliku priložio sam kratki osvrt pod naslovom Izraz - idealni prostor za slobodnog strelca, podsećajući se davne saradnje sa ovim časopisom kojemu je u to vreme glavnim i odgovornim urednikom bio Midhat Begić (a članovi redakcije Miodrag Bogićević, Ivan Focht, Nikola Koljević, Slavko Leovac, Salko Nazečić i Husein Tahmiščić). Nažalost, Begića lično nikad nisam sreo, niti sam pobliže upoznat sa njegovim delom; stoga od vas moram zatražiti izvinjenje što o njemu ne mogu ništa valjano reći, jedino se mogu još jednom prisetiti saradnje sa Izrazom započete upravo u vreme njegovog uredničkog razdoblja i podsetiti šta je Izraz značio za tadašnje mlade u Beogradu, koji su, ne znajući kako i gde, stremili objavljivanju svojih prvih napisa. Valja se, naime, vratiti u rane šezdesete i posvedočiti daje Izraz kao tadašnji jedini jugoslovenski “časopis za književnu i umjetničku kritiku”, kako mu je stajalo u podnaslovu, bio vrlo pomno i redovno praćen među beogradskim studentima i tek diplomiranim istoričarima umetnosti, pažnjom pojačanom još i time što je naš profesor Lazar Trifunović upravo u Izrazu objavio niz priloga (o ruskoj avangardi, Kandinskom, Lubardi, o srpskoj likovnoj kritici), koji su nam bili obavezna ili dopunska literatura. No osim toga, Izraz je donosio mnoštvo drugih priloga iz estetike, teorije i kritike, za razliku od drugih časopisa poput, na primer, beogradskih Dela i Savremenika, koji su znatan prostor poklanjali proznoj i pesničkoj produkciji, a posebno dragoceni bili su u Izrazu prevodi iz inostrane stručne literature, u to vreme vrlo retke u izvornom vidu. Dakle, upravo takvom, za sve nas vrlo uglednom glasilu, osmelio sam se jednoga dana početkom 1962. poslati početnički napis (o slikarstvu Stojana Ćelića) a da nikoga nisam u redakciji poznavao, bez ičije preporuke, da bi se posle kratke neizvesnosti taj napis pojavio u šestom broju juna meseca iste godine.

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Charles Dickens, Anthony Trollope, and the Spirit of the American Place

Author(s): Francesca Orestano / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

A map of travel writing from antiquity to the Victorian age opens this reflection on the distinction between quest and travel, as two modes existing within the same genre, which yet can harbour a variety of discourses, ranging from letters to autobiography, from satire and fantasy to the scientific account and the Baedeker style. However, despite the many narrative masks adopted by travel writing, and the essential ambiguity its literary discourse may adopt, it can be argued that quest and travel can still be seen as bearing distinct features, inasmuch as the personality and the final aims of the traveller provide elements of response to the place visited that dispel the ambiguity of the genre. In the XIX century, history, culture, aesthetics and visual culture enhance the traveller’s response to the spirit of the place. Charles Dickens’s "American Notes" and Anthony Trollope’s "North America", respectively published in 1842 and 1862, while accounting for the writers’ experience in the United States, are remarkably dissimilar. My contention is that in Dickens’s case the travelogue takes the shape and nature of a quest: a journey that had started under the best auspices ended up in bitter disappointment as the writer did not compromise with local newspapers on his plea for international copyright; Dickens’s American experience is loaded with spectral images that make it nightmarish and, on the whole, unpleasant. For Trollope, who started with the best intentions to provide readers with plenty of information, the place proves ungraspable, unmanageable, despite pages of figures and tables of products, prices, values. In Trollope’s case, for different reasons, the spirit of the place instigates a kind of response that produces, instead of the best possible travel book, an unwieldy documentary account of the United States in 1862.

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Disappointment and Discovery

Author(s): Michael Hollington / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This essay explores the topos of disappointment and discovery in three major travel writings by significant authors in the European tradition: Goethe, George Eliot, Dickens. With reference in particular to Italy, the chief goal of many classic ‘Grand Tours,’ we find in each initial disappointment at regular intervals in the places visited, most particularly Rome, and in the case of Goethe and Dickens, most particularly with reference to its famous Carnival. George Eliot is examined first, and we find in particular in her case that the pattern is repeated, not only in Italy, but virtually everywhere: Antwerp, Cologne, Weimar. In the case of Goethe, who stayed nearly two years in Italy in the course of his travels, a whole process of Bildung and self-discovery takes place, particularly where two bites of the same cherry are possible, as with Rome. On his first experience of Carnival there, he exclaims sarcastically that “one has to see the Roman carnival to lose all wish to see it again.” But a blissful intervening experience of Naples and some double-takes in Sicily cause him to eat his words. Approaching it afresh, he recognises some of the meanings of the Moccoli rituals with which the Carnival concludes. The extinguishing of others’ candles now signifies for him the joyous celebration of the simultaneous destruction of the old and return of the new in spring. Dickens too came to love this festival after an initial rejection of Rome comparable to that of George Eliot. But the main disappointment/discovery motif in "Pictures from Italy" concerns Genoa, where to begin with he declares “I never was so dismayed in my life.” Drawing on an anti-Catholic tradition in English travel writing that goes back to Addison, he denounces the squalor and neglect that is rife in the city as a manifestation of the church’s indifference to questions of social welfare. But even at the outset, at a time when “I little thought I should ever come to have an attachment for the very stones in the streets of Genoa,” he begins a process of discovery in Italy that will lead eventually to a delighted appreciation of the Moccoli festival at Carnival: “anything so gay, so bright and lively as the whole scene there, would be difficult to imagine.”

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“The blessed isles” and the “native shore”

Author(s): Julia Helena Wilde / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The medieval story of the Irish saint, Brendan the Navigator (c. 484–c. 577) and his voyage in search of the Earthly Paradise has inspired many artists. A narrative poem “The Voyage of St. Brendan” (1848) by Denis Florence MacCarthy was written at the time of the Irish Famine (1845–1849) which led to a mass emigration to America. The poet connects the past with the present, resurrecting the belief that St. Brendan was the first European to discover America. He combines Brendan’s patriotism with his courage to cross the ocean in search of the Earthly Paradise identified with America. The aim of this paper is to compare the detailed descriptions of Ireland with the marvellous images of the Earthly Paradise in MacCarthy’s work. By looking at the portrayals of both places through historical revisionist lenses, I argue that MacCarthy creates a transtemporal bridge between two islands of happiness - the human and the spiritual one - in order to revive the Irish pride and hope.

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Henry Lansdell’s Repeat Journeys to Central Asia

Author(s): Irina Kantarbaeva-Bill / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Reverend Henry Lansdell’s (1841–1919) preaching position allowed him to travel extensively, first in Europe and gradually to make long and arduous journeys in Russia, Siberia and Central Asia. His eight-volume travel accounts, running to several editions in England, confirmed Lansdell’s reputation as a talented and careful observer with unparalleled knowledge of the geopolitical situation in Central Asia in the second half of the 19th century. My paper examines the rhetorical strategies Lansdell employed in writing his last book on Central Asian sensitive border regions under the imperial security constraints of the moment. Lansdell’s failure of self-censorship in fact erupts in concealed messages, hidden between the words, smuggled past the censors, to reach certain sections of his readership able to read between the lines, revealing the undisclosed and unsaid of his repeat journeys.

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The Acts of Writing and Reading Mary and Dorothy Wordsworth’s 1820 Continental Travel Journals

Author(s): Magdalena Ożarska / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In July 1820, William, Dorothy and Mary Wordsworth, set out for the Continent in order to retrace the itinerary of William’s youthful trip, documented in "The Prelude". During the tour, Dorothy and Mary kept travel journals. Dorothy’s was first edited and published by Ernest de Selincourt in 1941; Mary’s remained in manuscript until recently. The two journals are very different. Mary’s journal repeatedly relies on Dorothy’s to provide details of their shared experience, while the only reference that Dorothy ever makes to Mary’s writing is in connection with an inkbottle that Mary wants to buy in Interlaken, Switzerland. Readers of the two journals include the two diarists themselves, William Wordsworth, Henry Crabb Robinson, Sarah Hutchinson and Dora Wordsworth. Soon, the readers’ circle expands to include more friends and acquaintances. This paper discusses the intertextual relationships between these travel diaries as well as their reception by their first readers.

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Romantic Wanderers

Author(s): Przemysław Uściński / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

For the English poets of the Romantic period wandering or roaming without fixed direction or purpose suggested not idleness but the possibility of rediscovering one’s sense of place and establishing a meaningful connection with nature. Peripatetic poetry tends to appreciate the need for movement, liberty, and spontaneity as well as the sense of openness and connectedness. By looking at two selected poems, one by Coleridge and one by Wordsworth, the article seeks to offer some notes on the Romantic attitudes to walking, especially in terms of their approach to nature, the role of imagination and experience, as well as in the context of their reaction (especially in case of Wordsworth) to the growth of mass-tourism in the period.

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The Quest for Otherness as a Step to Awareness

Author(s): Françoise Besson / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The aim of this essay is to show how Henry Russell-Killough’s explorations of various parts of the world reveal both his colonizer’s perception and his awareness of the biased perception of Europeans towards those they did not know, particularly Asians. This paper explores his travels to Asia, through two series of narratives: a series of articles in English published in an Indian paper, "The Englishman", between October 1860 and January 1861, and a book in French, "Seize mille lieues à travers l’Asie et l’Océanie" (1866). The articles were aimed at English readers living in India, which adds a political dimension to the literary travel narrative. Russell’s stylistic choices, in these texts and others, show that he made the travel narrative a painting of the Other, opening onto future exchanges between Western and Eastern cultures. By insisting on the richness of differences, on the beauty of these geographical areas unknown to most of the world at the time, on the artistic talent of Asian people, he also opened European eyes onto Eastern beauty and future exchanges between the West and the East.

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The Exotic and the Foreign in the Sherlock Holmes Canon

Author(s): Jacek Mydla / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In the Sherlock Holmes canon of 60 stories, we find various representations of the exotic and the foreign, which, arguably, is a reflection of Britain’s geopolitical position as well as sentiments current in the period in which the stories were written. In view of this, it is intriguing to see how easily Conan Doyle exploited his readers’ prejudices concerning the non-British, from belief in cannibalism among savages, vampirism to racism. Given the genre which the stories represent, worth exploring are the ways in which the exotic and the foreign are used to construct mystery plots. This analysis focuses on the assumptions that Conan Doyle makes concerning his readers’ knowledge of the exotic and the foreign, or, more to the point, their ignorance. These assumptions have allowed him to ascribe a great number of outlandish or sensational features to human characters, animals, artefacts, and substances. The paper examines a selection of the stories which feature culturally displaced characters.

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The Rhetoric of Imperial Gothic in "The Mystery of Edwin Drood"

Author(s): Magdalena Pypeć / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Discussed alongside its cultural context - the infamous Opium Wars with China, the increasing unrest in British colonies and eugenic concerns involving race - Dickens’s unfinished novel reflects his growing uneasiness about the righteousness of British imperial hegemony and deep-rooted fears of due retribution for imperial sins such as violence, exploitation or controversial spoils of imperial conquests. The aim of the article is to examine "The Mystery of Edwin Drood" as a forerunner of the imperial Gothic genre, with its themes of psychic regression, spectres of atavism, reverse colonisation, going native and moral and spiritual corruption of the coloniser. Questioning British expansive imperialist policies as it does, the novel foreshadows the tropes which later novelists like Henry Rider Haggard, Bram Stoker, Arthur Conan Doyle or Joseph Conrad explored more fully in their writing.

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“She is a pregnant horror as she stands”

Author(s): Dorota Osińska / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The vision of mythological Medea allures and repels the Victorians. The late Victorian women writers recognised the powerful figure of the Colchian princess, who has served as the embodiment of female cruelty and brutality. However, women authors saw the need to portray Medea not exclusively as a ruthless killer, but rather as a desperate woman entangled in the web of social, and marital constraints. One of these writers was Amy Levy, an English poet, whose insights into the Woman Question have recently been rediscovered by literary scholars. In this article, I explore how Medea, as reworked by Levy, personifies the concept of the Other in nineteenth century English literature. Looking at Medea through the lens of monstrosity theories, I argue that Medea’s depiction becomes symptomatic of the larger problem of perception of unconventional women in late Victorian middle-class society.

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METODOLOŠKI PRISTUP U SAVREMENIM ENCIKLOPEDIJAMA PERZIJSKOG JEZIKA I KNJIŽEVNOSTI

Author(s): Munir Drkić,Đenita Haverić / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

This paper provides a description of the methodology of three contemporary encyclopedias in the field of Iranian studies, with a special focus on the Persian language and literature. The authors first give a brief overview of Persian lexicography’s historical development, emphasizing its close ties with classical Persian literature. The subject of analysis in the second part of the paper are: The encyclopedia of Persian Language and Literature (Esmā‘īl Sa‘ādat, Dānešnāme-ye zabān va adab-e fārsī), Encyclopedia of Persian Literature (Hasan Anūše, Dānešnāme-ye adab-e fārsī), and Brill’s Encyclopaedia Iranica. These three encyclopedias provide analytical and research articles on authors, works, linguistic phenomena, relevant terminology, literary styles, Iranian languages, prominent Iranists, and other topics relevant from the Iranian studies’ point of view. We conclude that the three encyclopedic works apply different methodological approaches; however, the international character of Persian literary tradition is clearly observable in all of them. Moreover, these encyclopedias are seen as a continuation of the millennium-old lexicographical tradition that had produced hundreds of dictionaries in vast geographical expanses from India to the Balkans and beyond.

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Aleksis Kivi a srbská princezna

Author(s): Eliška Jiráňová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Osmo Antero Viinikainen, born in 1941 in Kotka, is a Finnish author and artist whose novel Aleksis Kivi ja serbian prinsessa (“Aleksis Kivi and the Serbian Princess”, 1996) connects two vastly different worlds using the figure of Aleksis Kivi, who is considered to be the father of Finnish literature. The novel is based on Kivi’s greatest work and the first novel written in Finnish, Seven Brothers. Besides Aleksis Kivi himself, the characters in Viinikainen’s grotesque novel include the characters from Kivi’s novel and a number of historic figures, including Serbian historic figures from the Obrenović and the Karađorđević dynasties. The paper examines the novel from the thematic and historical perspective and focuses on the perception of the historical figures in the novel and the credibility of the novel itself. As the novel is not dated, the paper also explores the historical events mentioned in the novel and their accuracy to establish a timeline.

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Setkání s odvrácenou tváří Ria Preisnera

Author(s): Jiří Hanuš / Language(s): English,Czech Publication Year: 0

Whenever a historian turns to the genre of biography, several dangers lie in wait. Although there may be a sense of calm from having opted for a very traditional genre, at the same time there has to be an awareness of the many pitfalls. Writing biographies today is no simple matter: there is the danger of a descriptive ‘passage of life’; the arduous selection of fundamental or even fateful decisions taken at a crossroads in life; for the better-known figures there is the danger of popularization, while for the lesser well known there is the need to overcome deep-rooted stereotypes in the imagination implanted by school education and deep-rooted ideas about ‘important personalities’.

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Komedie denise ivanoviče fonvizina ve zpracování antonína kurše na prknech divadla bratří mrštíků v brně

Author(s): Karolína Velšová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The aim of the article is to introduce the circumstances related to the staging of Недоросль (The Minor), a comedy by Denis Ivanovich Fonvizin, or its Czech translation by Antonín Kurš - Maminčin mazánek (Mummy’s Darling), which was performed at the Mrštík Brothers Theatre in Brno from 1959. It was in Brno where this comedy from the era of the Russian Enlightenment was staged until the fall of the Iron Curtain in 1989. This text explains the theatre’s motivation to stage the work of a rather unknown classicist playwright. The author of the article tries to capture the principal historical and political moments in the background of a very complicated cultural and theatrical post-war atmosphere. The excursion in the cultural politics of Czechoslovakia pursued from 1948 can help understand Fonvizin’s comedy translation and its interpretation, including the author’s comments, and it can help define its place in communist-era Czechoslovakia, especially regarding the era of Stalinism in theatres.

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