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The article concerns the expression of negation in Bulgarian word formation. Attention is focused on the Bulgarian prefixes без-, не- и противо-. The meaning and the derivational activity of these prefixes are considered. The greatest productivity of prefix не- is underlined. The prefixes без- and не- function as a synonymic derivation resources. This fact follows from the meaning 'absence, lack ', which characterizes each of the two prefixes, and which is common to both. The complex prefix недо- and the prefix противо- have a slightly different meaning of the prefixes без- and не-. For that they are not presented as a synonymous derivational resources expressing negation.
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The object of our research are new requirements on teaching Bulgarian language in foreign universities. We concentrate on multimedia, interactive and hypermedia aids, which could be used as an effective alternative teaching technique in order to improve language skills of students who study Bulgarian for foreigners.
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The article analyzes the complex nouns with the first component дв(а)- in three representative Slavik languages – Bulgarian, Russian and Polish. Composites are considered in word formation categories – Names of holders of Substance respect Nomina instrumenti, Nomina agentis. The composites with the first component дв(а)- in the dialects of the three Slavic languares are extremely varied.
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This article is devoted to the functioning of the category of verbal aspect in phraseological units (idioms) in Modern Greek and Bulgarian. In contrastive terms we describe and analyze specific cases of use of aspectual forms in phraseology. Depending on the aspectual nature of the verbal component it is possible to separate groups of idioms: with regular aspectual opposition or aspectual defectiveness of the verbal component (Imperfectiva tantum or Perfectiva tantum) or restrictions on use (predominant or preferred uses of the aspectual forms). We present the main factors governing the behavior of aspectual forms in the phraseology of both languages.
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This article is the first part of a series dedicated to the cognitive characteristics of noun phrases (NPs), namely to the taxonomy of indefinite NPs related to their referential status in view of the opposition specific ~ non-specific. This opposition carries particular importance for the logical-semantic representation of the utterance. In the study of foreign linguistics both terms are often used in an inconsistent and contradictory manner; consequently, this work represents an attempt to bring theoretical clarity regarding their semantics and use.
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The article presents Polish research on the category of ‘space’, which influenced the shaping of the concept of geopoetics in Polish literary studies. Geopoetics is understood, according to Elżbieta Rybicka’s guidelines, as ‘concept-in-action’. The author of the article begins with theoretical considerations, then presents contemporary foreign theories and finally analyses theoretical works of Michał Głowiński, Henryk Markiewicz, and Janusz Sławiński. He also discusses the concept of ‘new regional studies’ in the context of the spatial turn. Using Stefania Skwarczyńska’s works, the author of the article claims ‘new regional studies’ to be one of the crucial elements of geopoetics.
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The article examines some linguistic studies about syntax of Bulgarian colloquial speech and some of its most typical features: the expressiveness, the informality, the extreme subjectivity, the lack of preparation, the strong depending on situation, the absence of etiquette stiffness, the dominance of household themes, the increased activity of paralinguistic factors (facial expressions, gestures), the specific utterances and constructions etc.
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The article examines the origin of the nomination of the herbaceous plant oregano (Rus. душица обыкновeнная). The main object of analysis are the linguistic manifestations of specific and functional signs as the basis of name, and the ways of their expression. Based on this are determined the models of nominative row in Russian and Bulgarian languages. The study of nominative rows of the plant oregano entering the thematic group of phytonyms „Medicinal herbaceous plants of the family Lamiaceae,“ is the most acceptable method for the study of the principles and ways of nomination of objects possessing common properties. This method facilitates the study to focus on the many names and identify the current relations between marked objects and their names, as well as to reveal the systemic organization of thematic vocabulary groups. Furthermore, comparison of current models of nominative rows in the system of the two languages (Russian and Bulgarian) provides an opportunity to indicate the integrity of nominations of the studied thematic group.
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The aim of the paper is to cogently present the results of a synchronic contrastive analysis of resultativeness in contemporary Bulgarian and Czech. The features of structural asymmetry between the two languages in the field of resultativeness are discussed on the basis of the potential morphological, syntactic and lexical resultatives, which build up the core and periphery of the two functional-semantic micro-fields of resultativeness.
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Imaginez la situation où les francophones de France, de Belgique, du Canada et de l’Afrique se mettent d’un coup à prétendre parler des langues différentes et à appeler leurs « langues » par des noms différents. C’est exactement le cas des locuteurs serbo-croates en Croatie, en Serbie, en Bosnie et au Monténégro. Il faut noter que les différences linguistiques y sont moindres qu’entre francophones de diff érents pays (Thomas, 2003). Elles sont également pluspetites qu’entre germanophones d’Allemagne, d’Autriche et de Suisse (Pohl, 1996), qu’entre anglophones de Grande-Bretagne, des États-Unis du Canada et de l’Australie (McLennan, 1996), entre hispanophones d’Espagne et d’Amérique Latine, entre lusophones du Portugal et du Brésil (Thomas, 2003). Elles sont plus insignifiantes encore que les différences entre les langues usités par les Blancs et les Noirs des grandes villes américaines (Gröschel, 2003).
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In the first part of this paper two existing models of teaching meanings of verbal prefixes and the process of verbal prefixation in Croatian as a second and foreign language are discussed – the verb-centric model known as the verbs in context model and the prefix-centric model known as the prefix by prefix model. In addition to several positive aspects of these two models, their shortcomings are identified as well, and consequently the need for the development of a new model of teaching verbal prefixation in Croatian as a second and foreign language is recognized. The paper proposes a new model based on the description of verbal prefixes and their uses as produced within cognitive linguistics theoretical framework. It can be presupposed that this newly devised model will be superior to the previous two models since it is more concrete, simple, logic and clearer concerning the presentation of the process of verbal prefixation.
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The paper considers the perception of derived words related to Russian expressive wordformation by foreign students. Analysis of literary translation is used as a research tool. The author defines special methods of rendering a word-formation meaning of derived adjectives and nouns in a typologically close language as well as determines the semantization strategy for the derivatives of this type in a foreign audience.
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The paper considers the significance and fundamental aspects of the English-Tatar lexicographical school and its role in creating the multilingual Russian-Tatar-English environment. The principles of dictionary compilation at the micro- and macrolevels, which were introduced about 20 years ago, are reviewed and reconsidered. The advantages of lexicographical developments contributing to further advance in this scientific area are emphasized.
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