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Nearly all the work of Kara Walker produced thus far including Gone: An Historical Romance Of A Civil War As It Occurred Between the Dusky Thighs of One Young Negress And Her Heart (1994); The End of Uncle Tom and the Grand Allegorical Tableau of Eva in Heaven (1995); The Battle of Atlanta: Being the Narrative of a Negress in the Flames of Desire . A Reconstruction (1995); Presenting Negro Scenes Drawn Upon My Passage Through the South and Reconfigured for the Benefit of Enlightened Audiences Wherever Such May Be Found, By Myself, K.E. B. Walker, Colored (1997) . I cite a few of the titles to give you some flavor of the work . nearly all the work employs the same technique: the adhesion of black paper cut-outs to white gallery walls.
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The study is part of a wider anthropological study devoted to the biological and cultural (micro)differentiation among isolated village populations in the Eastern Adriatic. The migration data are collected from lntervlews and from the church registers of each island's and peninsula parish. Using a well established methodology of temporal migration analysis conducted on the island of Brač, parental and ancestral origin of proposed populations of the Eastern Adriatic and their migrational characteristics were investigated. All results clearly confirm our presumption of the existence of various forms of (micro)evolutionary trends for each island and the peninsula, which are expressed through the migration of alleles on each of the islands and peninsula. Although similar/ties can be observed in migrational movements over the region in the sense of high endogamies and small values of within-island and off-island migrations, the change of migrational patterns for every island and the peninsula is unique.
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The anthropogenetic structure of six island/peninsular populations - Brač, Hvar, Korčula, Pelješac, Silba and Olib - of the Eastern Adriatic, Croatia, is analyzed on the basis of the study of four different erythrocyte antigen systems/groups and two erythrocyte isoenzyme systems. Average sample size was 555 individuals. Allele frequencies and genetic distances values were computed. The obtained results point to the fact that all of the populations in question have preserved their separate characteristics in the course of their (micro) evolution to the present day, which is especially noticeable for the island populations of Korčula and Olib, as these populations distinguish themselves from the other studied populations with a greater degree of isolation.
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The Gorani are one of the archetypal migrant communities in the Balkans: migrations in search of livelihoods and better living conditions have become for them a structure of everyday life, influencing and determining the peculiarities of the local culture and the social organization since (at least) the middle of the nineteenth century. The periods of relatively voluntary labour mobility have alternated with those of compelled and forced resettlement. Firstly, the historical Balkan model of labour mobility known as gurbet, or under the South-Slavic term pechalba, is shortly described. Then the contemporary movements following the Kosovo armed conflict in 1998–1999 are examined. The aim of the article is to study the dynamics of migration patterns and continuities and shifts in the concomitant social and cultural processes namely in the last two decades, within the context of post-conflict developments in the region.
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This article analyses the roles of a folklore researcher and the media in introducing the Siberian Estonian communities to the Estonian public after Estonia regained independence. With the restoration of the Republic of Estonia in 1991, the Estonians in Siberia, who had previously lived in the Soviet Union as Estonian Estonians, suddenly became so-called “foreign Estonians”. Since 1991, the Estonian communities in Siberia have been in the focus of collecting and research at the Estonian Folklore Archives (EFA), and 16 field trips were carried out in the period of 1991–2013. When we began our fieldwork, I realised that for Estonians Siberia was primarily associated with cold and wilderness, the deportations of the 1940s and prison camps. In the 1990s, the Republic of Estonia did not do much to support its compatriots in Siberia. For the EFA, the inevitable side task to collecting and researching the folk culture of Estonians in Siberia was to inform and educate the general public in Estonia. Through the media we had a possibility to introduce and in some ways rehabilitate the Estonians in Siberia. In the first decade of the twenty-first century, Estonians in Siberia became the focus of the general public in Estonia, prompting further increase in media coverage.
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In this article the authors examine gender-based obstacles to successful female entrepreneurs' business practices, especially regarding work-life balance, gendered divisions of domestic labour within the wider problem of social reproduction in patriarchal societies, and business leadership. The authors have applied a qualitative methodology characteristic of ethnographic research. They analyse material from 24 semi-structured interviews with women entrepreneurs. The article's theoretical perspective draws on the feminist critique of gender and discourse analysis, and the research was conducted in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Kosovo and Serbia. The key findings demonstrate that policies and measures intended for the better inclusion of women in the world of entrepreneurship do not suffice unless they are embedded within a wider framework of the critique of patriarchy, as well as within a critique of the dominant concept of entrepreneurship, through gender-conscious intersectoral policies. This research's originality lies in its focus on informal practices, which women perform in both their formal and informal businesses, and which have the potential to become an equally valid model of entrepreneurial behaviour.
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Mostly through the case studies of the Slovenian Komisija and Czechoslovak Chronor, Klenoty and Bazar stores, this article presents socialist commission shops as providers of basic household goods. It therefore contributes insights into the complexity of commission shops as a specific type of second-hand retail as well as insights into the complexity of types of retail and socialist consumerism in general. It briefly compares commission shops with some other socio-historically known forms of second-hand retail, while pointing to the differences and similarities among them.
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Feminismul român din Transilvania a fost, în a doua jumătate a secolului al XIX-lea şi începutul secolului XX, subordonat mişcării naţionale. Structurile principale în care s-a dezvoltat mişcarea de emancipare feminină, reuniunile femeilor, care au fost organizate pretutindeni în Transilvania, s-au desfăşurat în concordanţă cu interesul naţiunii române, ignorând în acelaşi timp revendicările specifice ale altor mişcări feministe europene. De acea putem concluziona că mişcarea de emancipare a femeilor din Transilvania a avut un caracter atipic, aflată sub influenţa realităţilor sociale şi economice ale perioadei. Cu toate acestea, urmărind analizele pe care le-am condus prin acest studiu, femeile românce din Transilvania au fost implicate în activităţi sociale, economice şi politice sub umbrela naţionalismului românesc, după cum a reieşit din majoritatea evenimentelor importante ale mişcării naţionale din această perioadă.
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The article’s aim is to present and discuss the foundations of a new approach to the evaluation of bellicosity in prehistoric societies. The practice of warfare — sometimes vaguely interpreted as primitive — encompasses a vast spectrum of diversified factors, which can be roughly categorized into ecological, economic and socio-cultural. Their coincidence often triggers violent social behaviour, and this peculiar association occurs independently from local conditions. In other words, the underlying causes of warfare are universal and therefore represent a solid foundation for the model analysis and interpretation of bellicosity of prehistoric communities in general. Perspectives of its application are discussed using the example of selected final Neolithic, Corded Ware Culture communities from south-eastern Poland. Their ideology, reflected in archaeological material i. e. by weapons buried next to the deceased, was founded on the affirmation of physical prowess and aggressive masculinity. Such conditions were optimal for the emergence and further development of new collective identities, and warriorhood was undoubtedly among them. This cross-disciplinary approach to the causes of warfare goes beyond the archaeological frame, as it forms a basis for the integration of data derived from anthropological and social sciences, in which environmental, economic settlement and other conditions might be thoroughly studied in a broader context.
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This paper presents the genealogy (family structure), urban family estates, and social life of the Zadar-based noble families of Butovan and Botono during the 13th and 14th centuries (until the 1390s) in order to determine their similarities and differences (whether they were one or two different families). Research has been based on various types of sources, primarily published and unpublished archival material preserved at the State Archive in Zadar (notarial and court documents).
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L’ ouvrage Les associations professionnelles des bergers de Mărginime et le tourisme de structure ethnologique passe en revue les préoccupations des habitants de Mărginimea Sibiului pour la mise en valeur des ressources dont les localités montagneuses disposent. Premièrement on présente les Associations professionnelles … de l’époque d’entre les deux guerres mondiales, la revue "Stâna" et aussi "le Musée bucolique" de Poiana Sibiului. La deuxiéme partie de l’ouvrage insiste sur les ressources touristiques insuffisamment mises en valeur actuellement.
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Contemporary migration research shows that the number of foreign-country-born migrants is increasing, which highlights the significance of research on second-generation migrants as a particular group that can expose the specifics of development courses of migrants’ life and cultural identity. The term “second generation” refers to people born in a host country, to at least one immigrant parent or people who emigrated from the country of origin at the age of 6 or less. On the other hand, the 1.5 generation (persons born in a foreign country who emigrated during the early adolescence – between 6 and 12 years old) does not exhibit a unique cultural identity but feels divided between belonging to the country of origin and the host country. According to migration studies, the second generation shows a better level of acculturation, owing to the easier learning of the language(s) and adaptation to educational and work habits. This paper explores different theoretical models (unidimensional, bidimensional, and interactive), in order to establish a framework for acculturation experiences of second-generation migrants from Bosnia and Herzegovina. Using a discourse analysis of the life stories of six second-generation emigrants from Bosnia and Herzegovina, an interpretation framework will be created consisting of three topics: self-determination and construction of identity; primary socialisation impact on the (in)homogeneity of cultural identity; connection of the second generation with the country of origin and the host country. One of the most important conclusions is that the second generation has no clearly defined identity (which is symptomatic for the 1.5 generation) and that their daily lives are marked by an intense feeling of not belonging – neither there nor here.
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Thuggee as a distinct class of criminal homicide has generated much interest ever since the British colonizers in India exposed it in the nineteenth century. While the male thugs were certainly more common, female practitioners of thuggee were not entirely unknown. Curiously, both colonial writers and contemporary researchers have conceptualized thuggee as an all-male activity, thereby consigning the female thugs to oblivion. By bringing the focus back on the female thugs, this paper questions the gendering of thuggee. It also shows how the acknowledgement of the existence of the female thugs destabilizes both colonial constructions of thuggee and contemporary understandings of the subject.
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Review of: Joachim Bahlcke: Gegenkräfte. Studien zur politischen Kultur und Gesellschaftsstruktur Ostmitteleuropas in der Frühen Neuzeit. (Studien zur Ostmitteleuropaforschung, Bd. 31.) Verl. Herder-Institut. Marburg 2015. XVII, 481 S., Ill. ISBN 978-3-87969-396-2. (€ 63,–.). Reviewed by Rostislav Smíšek.
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Proceedings of the Spring Pastoral Missionary Conference of the Clergy from the Archdiocese of Bucharest with the theme: „2019 –The Solemn Year of the Romanian Village (of Priests, Teachers and Diligent Mayors).
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Archaeological Test Excavations play an important role for the understanding of the archaeological potential of Sinop (ancient Sinope) which was one of the most important port cities of ancient Black Sea. One of these excavations, named as “ORD 2016”, took place within the Gelincik District of the city which is situated at the southern portion of the isthmus. The excavations conducted in multiple openings within a parcel that was chosen for a building construction yielded a varia of archaeological artefacts, architectural elements and some tombs. This paper will focus mainly on the evaluation of the tombs revealed within ORD 2016 together with other archaeological artefacts and architectural elements. First, the overall location and the importance of the locality where the excavation took place will be revealed. Then, a short but descriptive telling of the excavation process will be shared for a better understanding of the find locations and their arrangements. A special attention will be paid to the finds as they will be mediums of dating for the tombs and the whole area as well. The evaluations have shown that the parcel excavated within the scope of ORD 2016 must have belonged to a burial ground from the Southern Necropolis of Sinope. The tombs together with their finds abled us to state that this burial ground only received tombs of ordinary people. An inscribed miniature grave marker in the form of a Doric capital able us to realise that some tombs were marked with such indicators. Especially the tombs help us to date this burial ground between the Early Hellenistic and Early Roman periods whereas other fragmentary ceramics indicate to a use that can be pulled back until the Classical Period.
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In the surveys that we started in 2015 and continued until today in the Eastern Black Sea Region, we detected a small number of settlements with Late Iron Age pottery in Giresun Province and its districts. A group of sherds on the Karadikmen Castle Settlement (a mountainous area in Giresun) that we identified in our surveys in Çamoluk district in the mountainous area of Giresun province had the characteristics of the Late Iron Age ceramics that we know in terms of technique and form. We believe that this pottery group consisting of floral, band and geometric decorations on burnished slip and dating to the Late Iron Age show characteristics of Anatolian Iron Age Pottery, and will be important for re-determining the boundaries of the region in the Iron Age. It is not clear when the Bronze Age ended in the region and when the Iron Age began. In our study, we compared the cultures of Iron Age with previous studies in the Çoruh and Kelkit Basin near the region. As a result of the researches in the region, we can say that there are settlements belonging to the Iron Age in the eastern part of the Kelkit Basin, which constitutes the southern hinterland of the Eastern Black Sea Region, but the written evidence related to the region is still insufficient.
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