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A holocaust témája a művészetekben címmel a pécsi Janus Pannonius Tudományegyetem 1990. augusztus 27-29. között rendezett ülésszakán dhangzott előadás.
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A holocaust témája a művészetekben címmel a pécsi Janus Pannonius Tudományegyetem 1990. augusztus 27-29. között rendezett ülésszakán dhangzott előadás.
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A társadalom többség ét, illetve a különböző kisebbségeket alkotó csoportok közötti kapcsolat általános problémája iránt a legutóbbi időkig nem nyilvánult meg különösebb érdeklődés. Jelenleg nagyobb figyelmet fordítanak erre az alapvető problémára: ennek egyik jele az a konferenciasorozat, amelyet "Csoportok közötti kapcsolatok és ellentétek" címmel 1943-ban tartottak New Yorkban, Louis Finkelstein és Robert M. Maclver elnökletével; a konferenciák néhány hónappal ezelőtt megjelent anyaga országszerte sok olvasó figyeimét vonta magára.
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Languages and the materials of writing methods has got into different cultures from another cultures with different forms at the time of interactions between cultures. By the effect of religious beliefs, The Hebrew alphabet has used by Karaite Turks who belong to Karaism Sect of Judaism. Due to deficiancy of written sources, studies for transcription of Turkish texts which has written by Hebrew Letters are very limited. In this article, some suggestions and evaluations about the transcriptions of Turkish texts which has written by Hebrew letters will be discussed by the communities of science.
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Poznati historičari zanemaruju jevrejski aspekat renesanse. Životna I?riča Abrahama Kohena Herrere (oko 1570-1635), Jevreja iz Spanije/Italije, trgovca, mistika i velikog putnika, nudi uvid u mnoge očaravajuće aspekte renesanse u Evropi, Aziji, pa čak i u Africi. Bio je sin Jevreja, koje je nakon prelaska na kršćanstvo španska inkvizicija otjerala sa Iberijskog poluotoka. Odgojen je kao kršćanin, ali je prešao na judaizam tijekom svog dugog intelektualnog putovanja. Postao je poznat stručnjak za jevrejski misticizam, ili kabalu, a iznad svega bio je renesansni putnik. Kao trgovac i učeni putnik, nalazio se na brojnim historijskim raskrižjima: između kršćanskog i jevrejskog aspekta španske civilizacije; između kršćanskog zapadnog Mediterana i otomanskog istoka; između stare, mistične španske škole kabale i tada nove mesijanske kabale koja je nastajala u Palestini; između skolastičke filozofije i misticizma uopće. Njegov život je obuhvaćao brojne avanture, otkrića i obnavljanja vlastitog identiteta. Kohen Herrera je izuzetna ličnost u historiji svoga vremena, koja je možda poslužila kao model za lik Shylocka, u Shakespeareovom Mletačkom trgovcu. Bio je vrlo utjecajan kabalista, i preko njega se kabala može shvatiti kao odlika života Jevreja na Mediteranu povezanog sa kršćanskim i muslimanskim intelektom.
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Given the historical proximity of Polish and Jewish groups, it is possible to identify their mutual interconnectedness. This paper presents one such example of the stereotypical Jewish Mother, in Israel known as a “Polish woman,” both in its sociohistorical and cultural aspect. Drawing from the theory of gendered and stereotypical representations, author traces a changing portrayal of the Jewish Mother on her way from the ghetto penury to middle-class affluence. Embodied by popular characters such as Molly Goldberg, the Jewish mother also became a target of bitter criticism, best rendered in the depiction of Sophie Portnoy—the iconic protagonist of Philip Roth’s novel Portnoy’s Complaint (1967). Feminist re-readings of this popular stereotype offer an interesting insight into its construction and try to explain its viability.
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Twentieth-century events in Russia and Eastern Europe resulted in complex definitions of Jewish identity and communal relations. When the Soviet Union disbanded, foreign agencies pushed funds and resources to rebuild Jewish communities and institutions. One of the avenues for this funding is the creation and support of academic research centers responsible for training students and scholars. Organizations interested in Russia’s “unaffiliated Jews” and the research centers responsible for the revival of Jewish Studies form unique partnerships that bridge academic and public arenas. Reclaiming Jews who do not identify with Judaism or Jewish culture (unaffiliated Jews) in Russia is a significant goal of some Jewish funding agencies in the United States and Israel. An examination of mission statements by these philanthropic agencies reveals narrow definitions of “Jews” that ignore major contributions from Jewish Studies scholars focused on understanding a diverse population with disparate self-understandings.
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The tradition of Jewish studies in Poland has been drastically interrupted by the Second World War and the Holocaust. In the immediate postwar period the process of re-establishing research on Jewish history and heritage was undertaken by the Jewish Historical Commissions and later Jewish Historical Institute in Warsaw. More examples of the individual and group initiatives can be traced only in the 1970s and 1980s. The real happened in the late 1980s with Kraków as one of the first and main centers of revitalized Jewish studies in Poland. The first postwar academic institution in Krakow specializing in Jewish studies – Research Center for Jewish History and Culture in Poland – was established already in 1986 in the Jagiellonian University in Kraków. More than a decade later, in 2000, it was transformed into the first Poland’s Department of Jewish Studies (Katedra Judaistyki) – now the Institute of Jewish Studies. Nowadays there are more similar programs and institutions – at the universities in Warsaw, Wrocław and Lublin (UMCS). Also other academic centers tend to have at least individual scholars, programs, classes or projects focusing on widely understood “Jewish topics.” Jewish studies in Poland, along with the revival of Jewish culture, reflect the contemporary Polish attitude to the Jewish heritage, and their scale and intensity remains unique in the European context. The growing interest in Jewish studies in Poland can be seen as a sign of respect for the role of Jewish Poles in the country’s history, and as an attempt to recreate the missing Jewish part of Poland through research, education and commemoration, accompanied by slow but promising revival of Jewish life in Poland.
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IN ETERNAL MEMORY SHALL HE REMAIN RIGHTEOUS. Formed from the dust of the ground, more splendid than a jewel. Lithographic Portraits of Rabbis in the Collection of the National Museum in Kraków The article presents the rare and unknown collection of Rabbis at The National Museum in Kraków. In Poland, ravaged by so many wars and pogroms, such objects are extremely rare. The National Museum in Cracow has a relatively sizeable collection of lithographic portraits of rabbis, composed of 28 items, which were mostly donated by the great benefactors of the Museum, Wacław Lasocki and Władysław Bartynowski. A social position of Rabbi in Jewish community has been described. The names and the biographies of the Rabbis have been established. The information about their lives has been given, together with the descriptions of the portraits. The text is the first scientific information, description and interpretation of these portraits.
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K.u.K.Militär-Kommando Krakau (established as a part of Kriegsgräberabteilung) built 400 cemeteries in Western Galicia. For Jewish members of the Austro-Hungarian Army 15 war cemeteries were erected. This paper presents a short historical overview of Jewish military cemetery from Cracow (Miodowa Street) till 1939. This cemetery (no. 387) was a part of Jewish cemetery from 1804. The article also outlines the creation of the monument, which was built on this cemetery in 1937.
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