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Social interaction can make a great impact on a person's memory. This property can have positive and negative effects, as it helps to expand the possibilities of memorization as well as causes the distortion of real memories. In this regard, the authors aimed to explore the features of collective memory and identify possible consequences of manipulative influence on memories. The participants of the experiment were divided into one control and two experimental groups. In the experimental groups, the manipulative teacher intervention was used in two variants of expression: optimistically carefree or anxious-pessimistic. The control group received a neutral version of the instructions. Participants wrote an essay on memory about their experience of quarantine related to the spread of coronavirus in Ukraine. It was found that manipulations affect even recent memories. The manipulations also affected the respondents' assessment of the possible future to a greater extent than Their memories of the past. It has been proven that manipulative influence on the memories of socially significant events significantly affects the individual diversity of memories reducing them to a given template.
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The problem of the theoretical study of political leadership is one of the most controversial because the processes of globalisation and the dynamics of social transformations are attributed to the specified range of issues of particular importance. Over the past time, the range of research activities devoted to the issues of leadership has expanded significantly – from the studies by psychologists, lawyers, and neurophysiologists, to theoretical generalisations by social philosophers. Thereby this problem has been enriched by the advances in understanding of socialisation and group self-organisation, which make it possible to develop a number of promising directions in the study of the phenomenon of leadership. The novelty of the study is determined by the fact that the directions of the development of modern society necessitate the search of innovative approaches to this phenomenon, which has received a fundamentally new quality of scientific discourse. The authors show that the general public's ideas about the essential characteristics of political leadership were formed under the decisive influence of conceptions about the uniqueness of this social phenomenon, which can change the course of the historical process and provide its own ethnic group with a prominent place in social progress. The practical significance of the study is determined by the fact that in the recent years, approaches of functional content have become increasingly popular, within the framework of which it is proposed to consider a public and political figure as a manager hired for public activities.
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The peculiarities of the amalgamated territorial communities as a basic condition for the introduction of a course of decentralization of power in Ukraine are considered in the article. It has been found that globalization can often exclude the democratization of the development of territorial communities and society as a whole, as there can be a gradual loss of one of the fundamental elements of democracy, namely: the right of the community to participate in the management of public affairs, especially at the local level, and therefore it was concluded that the sustainable development of the regions and the state as a whole was formed through the transfer of power to the ground, that is, decentralization. The need to define the category of "territorial community" on the basis of the scientific works of world and European economists and domestic specialists in public governance has been proved and five approaches to determining the essence of the concept of "territorial community" have been identified. The author's definition of the concept of "territorial community," which corresponds to the modern political and legal realities of Ukraine, is provided. The characteristics of an amalgamated territorial community are systematized and grouped. A complex of components has been developed that are the basis for the creation and functioning of an amalgamated territorial community of Ukraine in the context of decentralization of power. Strategic and operational problematic issues of formation and development of the amalgamated territorial communities are identified, and ways to overcome them are proposed. Incentives provided to these communities by the state and other regulators have been systematized and studied to motivate them to overcome problematic issues of formation and development of the amalgamated territorial communities of Ukraine. It has been proved that cohesion is an important factor in ensuring socio-economic development, financial self-sufficiency, and investment attractiveness of the amalgamated territorial community. It was concluded that the introduction of the institution of amalgamated territorial communities provides an opportunity for its members to receive rational assistance to solve various problems of the changing present.
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The proposed study analyses the European legal standards that define the normative and institutional foundations of modern local development, community-oriented. In particular, it is established that within the European legal space at the level of local government the paradigm of modern local community-oriented development are the ideas of sustainable development, designed to ensure balance in the triad of socio-ecological and economic relations. Based on the analysis of the provisions of European legal standards of local development, the dialectic of the relationship and interaction between the effectiveness of local forms of participatory democracy and regulatory support for inclusive processes that express the level of involvement of local communities in municipal affairs, and those of them, directly related to the peculiarities of local development. The tendency to the greening of European legal standards of community-oriented local development is established and analysed.
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The development of the political culture among students is a process that is influenced by various historical, social, economic, and political factors. In order to streamline this process, to deprive it of spontaneity, it is important to outline the purposes and tasks that the Ukrainian society sets for itself to build a democratic rule of law state. The study is aimed at analysing the political culture of the Ukrainian population and identifying changes in the Ukrainian political culture. The methodological basis of the research is a set of philosophical, general, and specialised research methods. The study proves that the key element of identity policy is the implementation, maintenance, and adjustment of symbolic boundaries between people. The authors analyse the relationship between social boundaries and symbolic boundaries, examine the role of symbolic boundaries in the political sphere and their place in symbolic politics, show how symbolic boundaries are used in various forms and areas of identity politics. The study analyses the specific features of Ukrainian internal political development, the fluctuations occurring in the country between the presidential-parliamentary and parliamentary-presidential government forms. The authors concluded that the causes for the development of a new political culture as a stabiliser and destabiliser in society indicate the complete absence of clear purposes and objectives at all levels of this culture and the urgent need for stability and cultural rationalism to resolve social contradictions. The practical significance of the research lies in the experimental verification of the conditions that contribute to the intensified development of political culture; introduction of the methodology on the development of political culture to citizens.
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The relevance of the study is due to the need for a detailed research of the impact of socially responsible management and good practice on the performance of small, medium and large enterprises. In this regard, this article aims to identify the relationship between socially responsible management, good practice and economic growth of enterprises; the purpose of this study is to analyse and assess the impact of socially responsible management and good practice on various performance indicators of enterprises. Achieving this purpose requires solving a number of tasks, the content of which reflects the sequence of research stages: to study the theoretical and methodological aspects of the impact of socially responsible management and good practice on performance indicators of enterprises; to analyse the main world trends in the application of socially responsible management and good practice; to study the experience of advanced countries in the implementation of socially responsible management; to develop methodological approaches to assessing the impact of socially responsible management and good practice on the performance of enterprises; to develop a set of proposals for attracting socially responsible management methods for government bodies. The leading method to study this problem is the method of systems analysis which was used to study the idea of socially responsible management as a complex multicomponent structure that should be involved and operate in an unstable political and economic situation. The process of writing this article also involved such research methods as the method of logical analysis, comparative analysis, methods of synthesis and deduction, the method of classification, the method of surveying respondents. The article presents the results of the study in tables and figures that reflect the levels of application of socially responsible management methods, their impact and advantages; internal and external stakeholders in the company's activities; components of balanced socially responsible management; survey results of respondents. The article materials are of practical value for entrepreneurs, managers, teachers and students in the field of management and human relations.
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In modern international realities, one of the most relevant and at the same time controversial topics remains gender equality between men and women, which means the legal principle and legal status of a person in relations with state authorities, which excludes discrimination based on gender. Gender equality thus reflects political and social changes in society. The relevance of the study is conditioned by the fact that one of the conditions for EU membership is to bring national legislation in line with European law, including compliance with legal procedures in the field of gender equality. Gender policy in society is the activity of numerous bodies and institutions of state power, which is aimed at achieving equality between men and women in all spheres of life, namely in the social, economic, and political spheres. Respect for the equality of all citizens is a mandatory requirement for EU membership. The purpose of the study is to analyse the institutional and regulatory aspect of the development of gender policy in modern society and determine the main trends in the development of the European gender balance policy in the world. Methods: the gender approach allows studying the political component of society and define such basic concepts as "gender policy", and "gender equality". Based on these fundamental concepts, an analysis of the political participation of men and women was conducted, comparing their roles and opportunities within the framework of European and Ukrainian legislation. The materials of the study are of practical value for the Ukrainian state in connection with the country's chosen course towards European integration.
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The relevance of this study is determined by the need to organise the effective work of public authorities in the conditions of numerous quarantine restrictions caused by the spread of the coronavirus pandemic in Ukraine and the introduction of remote control of the activities of public authorities in the country. In this context, the purpose of this study was to identify effective practical developments on the organisation of remote work of state authorities of Ukraine during the implementation of measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19 pandemic on the territory of the country. The leading approach in this study was the method of systematic analysis of the activities of public authorities in Ukraine during the introduction of restrictive measures due to the spread of COVID-19 in Ukraine in general and in the context of the organisation of remote management of the activities of these organisations in particular. The obtained results of the study clearly illustrate the degree of importance of the problems arising in connection with the forced transition of public authorities to remote work and the need to introduce current changes to the system of organising their activities in the current conditions to obtain the required results. The results of this study and the final conclusions formulated on their basis may have substantial practical significance for employees of public administration structures who are forced to face the need to introduce considerable changes in their daily activities due to the restrictions associated with the organisation of remote work of these bodies during the coronavirus pandemic, as well as for researchers of practical opportunities for improving the activities of state apparatus structures who are forced to switch to remote work.
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In the modern, globalised world, international relations have expanded from traditional issues of war and peace, which were dealt with by heads of state and career diplomats mainly on a bilateral basis, to include economic, environmental, humanitarian, cultural, educational, scientific, religious relations with the establishment of international organisations that act as platforms for coordinating the interests of different countries. The development of production, education, science, and environmental problems increase the importance of international relations, given the interdependence of countries, the impossibility of development without broad international cooperation, which requires a high level of tolerance and humanisation of relations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the features of modern international relations, changes in their guidelines towards broad cooperation between countries, peaceful resolution of conflicts and disputes, which mainstreams the search for tools most suitable in this regard. In the course of the study, the following methods of scientific cognition were used: comparative historical method, generalisation method, idealisation method, and the method of systematic approach. The study defined dialogue as a universal way of communication between subjects of international relations, the role of which in modern international relations has considerably increased. The study noted that in modern dialogue, the role of personal, cultural, and other features of its participants increases. Since it is dialogue in its various forms and manifestations that constitutes a universal form of coordination of the interests of subjects of different countries, and its spheres and range of subjects have substantially expanded, the development of purposeful forms of dialogue will contribute to the search for effective regulatory, institutional, communicative, and other forms of conflict resolution and coordination of interests aimed at developing international cooperation.
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This study analyses the evolution and current dynamics of bilateral relations between Colombia and Ukraine. Since Ukraine gained independence in 1991, the relations existing between the parties still focus on those areas of cooperation to be partially developed when the country was a part of the Soviet Union. Taking into account institutional cooperation established between the states in recent years, this research outlines the promising collaboration in the sectors of their common interest and its potential impact on the regional relations in Europe and Latin America, as well as on the global system of international interactions as a whole. The authors used comprehensive methodology including both general and specific scientific research methods. Historical analysis allowed determining the dynamics of relations between Colombia and Ukraine in retrospect. Comparative analysis and synthesis helped to identify priority areas of the parties’ relations that are confirmed by the available quantitative and qualitative data given by the state institutions and the media. System analysis allowed determining the essence of relationships existing between the countries and their influence on the regional and global systems of international relations, and the forecasting method helped to contemplate the potential consequences of intensification of these interactions on the world arena. The analysed information proves that Colombia and Ukraine should deepen not only their practical cooperation but also strengthen its regulatory framework, and the article provides relevant recommendations. The parties should intensify cooperation at the global level, as their common position on the international stage could strengthen their role in the world and confirm their status as the important elements of the contemporary international system. Since the essence and development of bilateral relations between Colombia and Ukraine are hardly considered in both Ukrainian and international political science, their analysis and forecasting allow forming a new scientific concept to explore interactions between these states on the international arena that would take into consideration their regional and global significance, as well as determine progressive areas of cooperation in view of its intensity nowadays.
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Given the current circumstances regarding the economic difficulties and uncertainties caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, the study of the evolution of the minimum wage is important in order to perform a radiography on the main trends, opportunities and problems in related social policies. The first and second part of the study bring upfront the importance of public policies on the minimum wage for ensuring a decent living and motivation of employees, for creating equal opportunities or access to the necessary resources for the poor. Through secondary data analysis, the third part of the study focuses on the impact of the Covid-19 crisis on the changes in the minimum wages in Romania compared to other countries in the Balkans, as well as the recent evolution and correlation between the minimum wage and the present situation of employment from the labor market in Romania. The last part offers conclusions in order to clarify several problems aiming at the minimum wage policy under the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic. One of the main limitations of the study was the multitude and complexity of the uncertainties related to the current pandemic context regarding the effects of the progress of the minimum wage at national and international level.
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The goal of this study is to explore the innovative approach to Sufficiency Economy at a household level. The data was collected by the use of questionnaires with 2,000 respondents as well as the interviews with community leaders from 54 Sufficiency Economy model villages in 5 provinces (Udon Thani Province, Nong Bua Lam Phu Province, Nong Khai Province, Bueng Kan Province, and Loei Province). The research findings revealed that the local people had faith in the leaders who devoted their time, money, and intelligence to the development of local communities. In other words, the community leaders should be the role-models of success for their people. With regards to the application of the Sufficiency Economy philosophy, saving money was the most applicable method at the household level, while working part-time was the least applicable method. Self-sufficient living was mentally learned and practiced the most, but it was economically learned and practiced the least. Moreover, it was suggested that “E-San (Northeastern)” family structure should integrate the older people’s way of life with the younger generations’ lifestyle in order to promote a sufficient and sustainable way of living. Accordingly, the model of “Great Leaders, Six Directions of Sufficient Way of Living” was formulated. The directions included 1) having a good mindset, 2) understanding the nature and the environment, 3) reducing expenses, 4) supporting each other, 5) having empathy, and 6) saving money.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an upward trend in domestic violence cases at the international and, of course, national level. In fact, over time it has been shown that there are links between various natural disasters or pandemics and the increase in these cases. The first part of the study provides a brief theoretical analysis of domestic violence, as well as the main forms of manifestation and consequences for the victim. The second part focuses on the interrelationship between the sanitary measures imposed in the pandemic context and the impact on the evolution of this problem, as well as the identification of general factors that contributed to the emergence and maintenance of domestic violence, before and especially in the first year of the pandemic. Through the secondary data analysis, the third part of the study highlights the trends of domestic violence in Romania in the period between 2016-2020, focusing on the first year of the pandemic (2020), by looking at the statistics provided by the National Agency for Equality of Chances between women and men (ANES). The last part of our paper offers a series of discussions and conclusions on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the evolution of domestic violence cases. The main limitation of the study was a time deficit in the supply of specific statistics for 2021, as well as the general unpredictability of the pandemic in terms of future trends in domestic violence and case reporting.
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Social entrepreneurship is a pivotal theme that generates debates both in academia and industry. Even though the concept of social entrepreneurship has gained traction and become influential in a wide spectrum of areas, such as sociology, social work, the economy, and politics, an ambiguity persists with regard to its models and meanings. In this context, the paper aims to clarify the definition of social entrepreneurship by considering how the concept has informed a variety of theoretical approaches used to explore socioeconomic reality. This paper distinguishes between three perspectives: social entrepreneurship as a cultural orientation, social entrepreneurship as a management strategy, and social entrepreneurship as a political philosophy. Such a clarification could help entrepreneurial studies reach a new level of understanding by providing an analytical framework to navigate the intricate landscape o
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The article is based on a data collection from the project Marginal Rural, a grant of Romanian Academy, carried out between 2019 and 2022. The aim of the project was to collect data from several rural and small urban communities and analyze socio-demographic data, but also look at indicators regarding infrastructure, health and education services, sources of income, local employers, or the phenomenon of migration for working. The analysis included different perspectives, respectively an institutional one (through the opinions of representatives of public institutions), an entrepreneurial one (through the opinion reflected in interviews with local entrepreneurs) and the vulnerable groups’ one (through the opinions reflected from the focus group organized with disadvantaged people). We looked at the phenomenon of rural development/underdevelopment and potential marginalized rural areas. Marginalization represents a social phenomenon, fuelled by the socio-economic context that followed the 1989 revolution. The completion of the transition from the socialist regime towards free-market economy implied high social costs for a part of the population, including poverty and social exclusion.
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The protection of social values is a priority mission of the state, by virtue of which the legislator elaborates a set of legal norms meant to defend the social and legal order. The social danger of contraventions expresses the violation of the most important social values that are protected by the contravention law, causing damages to individuals and legal entities. This fact justifies the interest of the legislator to sanction this type of illicit acts in order to restore the injured social and legal order. The correct legal qualification of the antisocial deed through the prism of the constitutive elements of contravention has a great importance in order to ensure a legal and an appropriate application of the institution of contravention liability. This scientific work particularly highlights one of the basic elements of contravention – the subject. The first part of this study reveals the notion and general conditions of the subject of contravention in correlation with the contravention legislation, pointing out the varieties of subjects, while the second part is meant for the special subject and the passive subject of contravention.
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The objective of this paper is to systematically review remote sensing data fusion techniques, autonomous vehicle driving perception algorithms, and mobility simulation tools in smart transportation systems. The findings and analyses highlight that visual perception algorithms, sensing and computing technologies, and route planning and control tools configure networked digital infrastructures. Throughout March 2022, a quantitative literature review of the Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest databases was performed, with search terms including “smart transportation systems” + “remote sensing data fusion techniques,” “autonomous vehicle driving perception algorithms,” and “mobility simulation tools.” As research published between 2019 and 2022 was inspected, only 92 articles satisfied the eligibility criteria. By taking out controversial or ambiguous findings (insufficient/irrelevant data), outcomes unsubstantiated by replication, too general material, or studies with nearly identical titles, we selected 15 mainly empirical sources. Data visualization tools: Dimensions (bibliometric mapping) and VOSviewer (layout algorithms). Reporting quality assessment tool: PRISMA. Methodological quality assessment tools include: AMSTAR, Dedoose, Distiller SR, and SRDR.
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The purpose of this study is to examine autonomous vehicle perception sensor data, motion planning and object recognition algorithms, and virtual simulation modeling tools in smart sustainable intelligent transportation systems. In this article, I cumulate previous research findings indicating that object localization algorithms, edge computing techniques, and autonomous vehicle perception sensors improve navigation accuracy. I contribute to the literature on autonomous driving perception algorithms, spatial recognition technologies, and virtual reality modeling tools by showing that urban sensing technologies develop on machine learning algorithms, predictive modeling techniques, and movement and behavior tracking tools. Throughout April 2022, I performed a quantitative literature review of the Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest databases, with search terms including “smart sustainable intelligent transportation systems” + “autonomous vehicle perception sensor data,” “motion planning and object recognition algorithms,” and “virtual simulation modeling tools.” As I inspected research published between 2019 and 2022, only 91 articles satisfied the eligibility criteria. By removing controversial findings, outcomes unsubstantiated by replication, too imprecise material, or having similar titles, I decided upon 16, generally empirical, sources. Data visualization tools: Dimensions (bibliometric mapping) and VOSviewer (layout algorithms). Reporting quality assessment tool: PRISMA. Methodological quality assessment tools include: AXIS, Dedoose, MMAT, and SRDR.
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