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Foto tähendusmehhanismid: "Mullatoidu restorani" juhtum

Author(s): Laura Kuusk / Language(s): Estonian Issue: 3/2006

The paper examines the mechanisms of meaning of photography through the case study of the exhibition of staged photos “Dining with Worms” (subtitled “Frozen and sliced theatre”) by Laurits / Mäeots. The aim of the paper is to study the meaning production mechanisms of photographic text as a complex of codes (according to Victor Burgin 1982). In order to access the meaning-mechanisms we look at the work from semiotic perspective (“text in text” construction), mixing it with other disciplines such as culturology (using the works of Juri Lotman and Johan Huizinga), studies of ideology in photography (Victor Burgin) and visual syntax (Gunter Kress and Theo van Leeuwen). The aim of this approach is to reach different levels of the mechanisms of meaning, having in mind recent developments in visual culture studies.

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Rahvuslik identiteet ja klassikamängud millenniumivahetuse Eesti teatris

Author(s): Luule Epner / Language(s): Estonian Issue: 3/2006

National identity is to a great extent based on common myths (re)produced by works of art and literature; in the long run these works themselves can start to function as cultural myths. Performing national classical works, theatre relates them to the continuously changing social context and renews, refutes or reaffirms their meaning. Theatrical representations of the stories and characters that are significant for a nation are a part of the mechanisms of identity formation. In Estonia of the 1990s–2000s the national values and common myths that served to hold together the society in the Soviet period have lost their former power of social consolidation and are called into question. The present article examines contemporary Estonian theatrical productions which are based on rewriting of well-known national classics: the prose works by Oskar Luts, the tragedy “The Werewolf” by August Kitzberg, and the national epic “Kalevipoeg”. The article tries to find answers to questions how ingredients of national identity (for instance, the relation to the Other) are displayed and (de)constructed, and what textual and directing strategies are used by adapting of above-mentioned classics.

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Tunne oma võõrast: Artaud' paradoks "oma" ja "võõra" semiootika vaatepunktist

Author(s): Berk Vaher / Language(s): Estonian Issue: 3/2006

The article analyses the “Artaud paradox” springing from the writings of French theatre visionary Antonin Artaud (1896–1948): if Artaud so vehemently opposed the centrality of the word in theatre, how did he himself come to fail in theatrical experiments but exert lasting influence as a writer? Which is true to his “Self” and which is “Other” to him – literature or theatre? On the basis of three essays which oppose Eastern (Balinese) to Western (French) theatre, analysed through models by Juri Lotman and Valdur Mikita, it is stated that Artaud’s writing in itself actually was the realisation of his exotic utopia of theatre — the creation of performative as opposed to discursive text by means of the “impos-sible” translation of the spatial poetics of theatre into the lingual poetics of literature, employing the imagery of synaesthesia and glossolalia.

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Rituaalid organisatsioonikultuuris väärtuste edastajate ja identiteedi kujundajatena Hansapanga näitel

Author(s): Maarja Põld,Ester Võsu / Language(s): Estonian Issue: 3/2006

Rituals as cultural performances are communicative processes with certain typical characteristics (structuredness, collectivity, symbolicism, repetitiveness, transformability and spatio-temporal boundaries) that reveal the values as well as aspects of identity that properly belong to a more abstract level in organizational culture. In our paper we first present a cursory overview of contemporary culture-centred approaches to studying organizations that foreground concepts such as values, identity and rituals, and then proceed to apply these theoretical positions to a specific case study — the rituals practiced in Hansapank, primarily initiation rituals, that partake in mediating the values and modelling the identity of this organization. The research is based on ten semi-structured in-depth interviews conducted in 2005 with Hansapank’s employees in different positions. Primarily, we focused on recently employed tellers, who in their replies reflect upon the initiation ritual they have had to go through. As a result of our analysis, we conclude that in Hansapank, the initiation ritual of tellers has the most distinct characteristics of a ritual as a cultural performance, and is connected with the three main phases of transition rites (separation, transition, incorporation) described in social anthropology. The descriptions of rituals and organizational culture revealed that for the employees, the lived and the declared levels of Hansapank’s identity as an organization, and the bank’s image are closely intertwined. Studying the employment process of tellers revealed that their initiation is considered highly important, since the position of a teller is peculiar to the organizational culture of banking (closely associated with the organization’s identity), and it is through the tellers that the bank communicates most directly and extensively with the world outside the organization, where it is essential to impart the principal values and identity of the organization and to fashion a beneficial image.

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Kultuurilise identiteedi järelekatsumine Eesti teatris

Author(s): Anneli Saro / Language(s): Estonian Issue: 3/2006

The 1990s were a period of new emerging subgroups and identities, so establishing a common national identity was no longer a primary concern. Sooner or later, almost all customary social structures and collective values and beliefs collapsed, forcing persons — as individuals and as members of particular groups — to question their position in the rapidly changing society. The continuously fluctuating social and cultural contexts through which identities are constructed made the process particularly complicated and infinite. In the (post)modern art practice classical texts and national myths are used mostly as material for deconstruction or free play. The Von Krahl Theatre (the first private theatre in Estonia, founded in 1992) with Peeter Jalakas acting as an artistic director, has been interested in performing and researching cultural myths about Estonians, while at the same time mixing them with modern international culture. Productions of Jalakas have been grounded on clear oppositions: our own – foreign, old – new, while “our own” is usually the old and “new” is mostly foreign. The ways in which identities and performative strategies signifying them might be altered or modified will be analysed by example of a production by Peeter Jalakas, “The Werewolf” (1998). Deconst-ructive strategies used in the production are mainly in the service of revisiting the national cultural heritage.

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Izotopia. Definire și caracteristici

Author(s): Maria-Laura Rus / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 11/2011

Our paper focuses on the general understanding of the concept of isotopy, trying to give linguistic and semantic information upon it. We underline the feature of redundancy, essential in identifying an isotopy, that of homogeneity, of cohesion or coherence. Isotopy represents a basis for the idea of meaning totality in a message.

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Operatori de tip conotativ. Construcții cu predicativ suplimentar

Author(s): Luminiţa Chiorean / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 11/2011

The article. Operators of connotative type. The constructions with the supplementary predicative uggests a reinterpretation of the constructions with the supplementary predicative, a supplementary syntactic position, realized in a double binary structure. This structure has two hypostases: the predicative modifier of the object (CPO) and the predicative attribute of the nominal (APN), both included in different syntactic groups (a verbal group and a nominal group). Insisting on the definition and description of the two syntactic variants of the supplementary predicative (that have the same derivative history), we have noticed that both types of assistants have the function of a semantic predication, differently administered: CPO – virtual semantic predication and APN – evident semantic predication. Suggesting these definitions, we came to the conclusion that the supplementary predicative (CPO, APN) assumes the next functions: the semantic-pragmatic function of a discursive topical rendering, the function of an assertive integrator associated to a connotative function, that of individualizing the nominal referent; thematic functions determined by the connotative predication, such as: Qualitative, Qualifying, Appreciative, Characterizing, Identifier, Denominative. Even more, the predicative attribute of the nominal has a poetic function, recognized in the semiostylistic mark of the existence: APN is a connotative operator of the text-discourse that includes it. The stylistic function of the supplementary predicative consists in activating some metasememes (personifying, transfiguring, revealing or/and metaphoric epithet, metaphor) or some metalogisms (personification, symbol). For this subject we had as scientific references the opinions of acknowledged linguists in Romania, representative personalities of the Linguistic schools from Bucharest (Gabriela Pana Dindelegan), Cluj-Napoca (G. G. Neamtu) and Iasi (D. Irimia).

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Traducerea în spațiul românesc din secolul al XX-lea (II)

Author(s): Bianca Oana Han / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 11/2011

The aim of this second paper [that intends to bring into the foreground another well-deserved (rather) small number of translators of foreign languages into Romanian] is to complete the former paper published in the previous issue of Studia ( issue no. 10/2011).

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Jocul de - și al recontextualizării. Câmpul text(e)– context(e) – cititor(i)

Author(s): Éva Monica Székely / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 11/2011

A semiotic approach of the reading experience is largely expressed through the hexad of the logical opposition promoted in Didactics by O. Clouzot. We shall try a situational analysis of reading, through which we hope to emphasise the complex structure of the constituents of the signification. According to these premises, the meaning must be revealed in three levels of perceiving through the author-text-reader interaction, which implies the passing of the points of view from the sphere of syntactic-semantic elements towards the pragmatic level. Thus the topic of the critical consciousness and of the judgement values emerge and imply a mediation, and receiving becomes a sense negotiation. This negotiation will help the reader to build his own identity and his self image in his interaction with otherness in the role of the author/ character/ critic/ colleague/ anonymous/ teacher.

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Šta nije a šta jeste u toponomastici

Author(s): Alija Džogović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 53-54/2012

U radu se raspravlja o nekim toponimima i hidronimima, elaboriraju se njihove strukture i njihova semiotika, njihova folklorna sadržina, ukazuje se na falsifikovanje i zloupotrebu u politićke i propagandne svrhe, što je protivno pravoj nauci.

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СЕМИОТИКА ПО СИТЕ СЕТИЛА (Атрибутивноста како значење во песните „Седум навраќања кон мотивот трепетлика“ од Гане Тодоровски и „Ноќниче“ од Антун Густав Матош)

Author(s): Lusi Karanikolova-Chochorovska / Language(s): Macedonian Issue: 2/2017

This article is a comparative approach to so-called "Attributability" in songs "Seven approaches to motive Trembling aspen" of Gane Todorovski and "Violet" of Antun Gustav Matosh. Three corpuses of meaning entities that allow insight into the metaphoricity of the Macedonian poet song, and the symbolism of the Croatian poet song are analyzed. This is done so that the metaphors and symbols are gramatically “decomposed" in order to follow the process of transformation of “meaning” to “sense”. It all comes down to the only meoning - human life.

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Intentional identity and coordination

Author(s): Hsiang-Yun Chen / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2017

The concept of intentional identity has aroused considerable interests since Geach (1967). I argue, however, that the real import of intentional identity is still not duly appreciated. Drawing on three sets of close-knit data– intersubjective and intrasubjective intentional identity, along with cross-speaker anaphora, I submit coordination as the key to its proper understanding and propose a set of success conditions thereof

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Jaan Kaplinski ja semiootika

Author(s): Ekaterina Velmezova,Kalevi Kull / Language(s): Estonian Issue: 15/2018

Selle loo eesmärk on püüda uurida, millised otsesed seosed on Jaan Kaplinskil olnud semiootikaga. Tahtsime teada saada, kus ta asub semiootika ringis (sest see side on tuntav) ja kuidas tema suhtumine semiootikasse arenes. Kaplinskit on nimetatud semiootika-seoseliseks. Meie varasematest jutuajamistest kunagiste Generatiivse Grammatika Grupi (GGG) liikmetega (Haldur Õim, Mati Hint, Arvo Krikmann, Tiit-Rein Viitso) on juba selge, et Huno Rätsepa strukturaallingvistika rühma tudengeil oli kokkupuudet semiootikaga – vähemalt Tartu semiootikutega. Järelikult ka Jaan Kaplinskil. Ainus eestikeelne ülevaade esimesest Kääriku semiootikasuvekoolist ilmuski just Kaplinskilt (Kaplinski 1964b).

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Political ‘advice’ in Chinese public discourse (s)

Author(s): Fengguang Liu,Wenrui Shi / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

The practice of ‘political advice’ covers events such as media appearances, in the course of which the representatives of a country deliver symbolic ‘advice’ to another country through a monologous announcement. As such, political ‘advice’ is a ritual practice (Kádár 2017): on the surface level it represents communication with another country and its style is formed according to this symbolic surface function; however, its implicit function is to form alignment between the political authorities who deliver the advice and the citizens of their country. Studying political advice provides a twofold contribution to politeness theory. First, on the empirical level, this discursive ritual practice has not received sufficient academic attention, and so modelling it through the lens of interactional ritual theory fills an empirical knowledge gap in the field of pragmatics and broader sense language and society. Second, by modelling the complex relationship between politeness and political advice, the paper delivers a contribution to the theory of language use, since it demonstrates that in certain ritual practices such as political advice, and arguably a variety of similar ritual practices in the political arena. It is challenging to capture ‘politeness’ in the conventional sense as an other-oriented (and interpersonal) form of pragmatic behaviour, in spite of the fact that on the surface level such forms of communication are veiled as abundantly polite and as other-oriented. We argue that one needs to deploy interactional ritual theory to model the pragmatic operation of this phenomenon. The data studied is drawn from the website of the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

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Classical Chinese pronouns: Pragmatic implications and politeness

Author(s): Cher Leng Lee / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

Contemporary Chinese has only one form of first-person pronoun; by contrast, there are at least four different first-person pronominal forms used in Classical Chinese. This makes Classical Chinese first-person pronouns noteworthy to investigate. This co-existence of forms with similar meaning of self-referencing raises two issues, namely the reason behind this co-existence and the relationships among these pronominal forms in terms of sociopragmatic use. Unlike what has been previously argued in the field that address forms rather than pronouns are politeness-related (e.g., Kádár 2007; Pan & Kádár 2011), first-person pronominal forms in Classical Chinese express a diverse set of contextually-situated politeness-related meanings. Furthermore, these pronominal forms are socially indexical, in the sense that they are allocated to speakers depending on their social status. Thus, a central argument of this paper is that the pronominal forms studied reveal information about both the person who uses them and the context in which they are used. The paper compares pronominal forms used in the Lunyu 論語 or The analects of Confucius (475 BC–221 BC) and Shishuo Xinyu 世說新語 (A new account of the tales of the world) (200 AD–400 AD), to understand the pragmatic implications and politeness values of these different first-person pronominal forms over a time-span of 400–600 years and also to provide a glimpse of how eventually only one form came to exist in contemporary Chinese.

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Emancipating (im)politeness research and increasing its impact

Author(s): Wei Ren / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

This paper explores how the authors to the papers in this special issue of Acta Linguistica Academica (2019/2) understand the performance and evaluation of (im)politeness in various types of Chinese data across different contexts. The paper looks at the long-debated issue of universalism and particularism in (im)politeness research, since interaction takes place within different sociocultural systems, in different situational settings, at different interactive contexts, and with different interlocutors. The paper also brings forward the necessity to enhance the impact of Chinese (im)politeness research.

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