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Stawanie się nastoletnim ojcem. Dziecko jako punkt zwrotny w biografiach młodych mężczyzn o niskim statusie społeczno-ekonomicznym zamieszkujących enk

Author(s): Paulina Bunio-Mroczek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2015

The paper reflects on the impact of fatherhood on lives of young men, brought up in multiproblem families in poverty enclaves in a post-industrial city, namely Lodz. Empirical grounds of the text are 27 biographical interviews carried out within a research module of the WZLOT project (full project title: “Strengthening Opportunities and Weakening Transmission of Poverty among Inhabitants of Towns of the Lodz Province”) with young men who had become fathers as teenagers. The interviewees had been school dropouts, in conflict with the law, with problems of substance abuse. The paper attempts to reconstruct the process of becoming a father in the case of young men lacking father figures themselves and whose fatherhood was often being questioned because of their low socioeconomic status.

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Poznawcza i emocjonalna adaptacja do sytuacji choroby psychicznej w rodzinie

Author(s): Monika Frąckowiak-Sochańska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2015

This paper is aiming at an analysis of some aspects of the process of cognitive and emotional adaptation to the situation of mental illness within family. There have been observed mutual relations between the abovementioned aspects. The significant component of the cognitive adaptation process is the construction of categories of mental disease and mental health, which constitute the frames of interpretation of one’s experience. This process depends on one’s affective states and influences further emotional condition, which provides feedback to cognitive processes at more advanced stages. Theoretical and methodological frameworks of this paper are based on the constructionist paradigm. The empirical research has been carried out according to the grounded theory assumptions. The research material consists of intentionally constructed and published (in a book and online) biographical narrations of mentally ill persons’ family members. The analysis of the abovementioned narrations is focused on the content, as well as on the forms of descriptions constructed by the relatives of the mentally ill persons. According to the presented analysis, the process of adaptation to the situation of mental illness within family, with its variations, stages, and turning points, has been reconstructed.

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Herausforderungen und Handlungsstrategien armer Familien im Kontext europäischen Strukturwandels

Author(s): Philipp Staab / Language(s): German Issue: 02/2015

An intensification of social inequality can be observed in several countries of the European Union. As a result, poverty has become a key concept of the EU’s social policy agenda. Because of family members’ commitment to unconditional mutual solidarity, families are considered to be an important bulwark in the war on poverty. Poor families, however, are unable to fulfil such expectations. Their daily lives, as well as the family itself as an institution, are marked by pressures resulting from institutional transformations of labour markets and the welfare state. This contribution outlines the specific challenges that poor families face and describes three typical strategies of coping with poverty within the family. While routinisation and intensification strategies are only moderately successful in improving the family situation, seeking options is a strategy that opens up new opportunities, which also offers entry points for providing social aid and services.

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The Challenges and Opportunities of Pre-Marriage Counselling in Hungary

Author(s): Katalin Horváth-Szabó,Krisztina S. Petik,Anikó Herczeg-Kézdy,Szende Elekes / Language(s): English Issue: 02/2015

The article offers an overview of the obstacles, challenges and opportunities of pre-marriage counsellor and facilitator training in Hungary. It presents the first institutionally affiliated pre-marriage counselling program and the corresponding facilitator training. It summarises the feedback from the test course participants (eight couples and nine priests), and reviews options for development.

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Familienwissenschaft als Praxiswissenschaft im Interesse einer lebensfreundlichen Gesellschaft

Author(s): Andreas Wittrahm / Language(s): German Issue: 02/2015

The family is considered to be an essential institution of generativity and generative socialisation in a wide variety of societies. No single discipline can examine all the conditions and possibilities of how families perform that task. Approximately a dozen different empirical, hermeneutic and normative sciences explore family-related issues with the help of different methods and approaches. However, an interdisciplinary convergence of these sciences still seems quite far off. In the meantime, we recommend that the various disciplines work together, as a kind of teaching and learning community with the aim of somehow coordinating their research on the conditions of founding a family, the diverse roles and stresses of family members and on long-term care provided in the context of ageing societies, to adopt common options that support late modern families and their members.

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Mental Healthcare Reforms in Post-Soviet Russian Media

Author(s): Olga Shek,Kirsi Lumme-Sandt,Ilkka Pietilä / Language(s): English Issue: 01-02/2016

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, democratic principles began to enter into different branches of Russian social and health policy. As part of these changes, the country demonstrated an intention to develop a new mental health policy based on approaches consonant with the principles of the World Health Organization. This study analyses how these new policy ideas and values are reflected in Russian mass media, and in particular whether media discourses build upon those ideas or oppose them. It is based on a qualitative analysis of newspapers from the late Soviet period (1980s) through the transition period (1990s) to the present (2000s). The analysis focuses on (1) the protection of patients’ rights, (2) the reorganisation of mental healthcare services and (3) activities preventing stigmatisation. While there was an absence of discussion of mental health problems in Soviet newspapers, the democratic changes of the 1990s triggered the recognition of the existence of mental illness, critiques of Soviet psychiatry and calls for reform. The media response to the new policies was quite ambivalent. Support for patients’ rights and the social integration of the mentally ill was accompanied by fear about the detrimental effects of the reforms on public safety. Articles that challenged stigmatisation also contained negative images of mentally ill people. The media were sceptical about the success of the reforms due to the particularities of Russia’s socio-economic situation and history.

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SUBSTITUTE FAMILY CARE IN THE SELECTED MEMBER STATES ON THE EUROPEAN UNION

Author(s): Zuzana Horváthová,Jiří Bílý / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2015

At present, in most of the EU countries a system to adopt a baby represents a very slow and legislatively demanding process. The reasoning is that the process is about a possibility of getting a child into a foster family, which has an impact on his future development as well as on overall integration into the society. Due to this reason, all Member States of the European Union approach this step with very serious concerns. Our paper aims to highlight the various differences in legal regulations of selected Member States, to assess the state-of-play of this element of social policy and to create a comprehensive comparison of foster care in the Czech Republic, France, and Great Britain. We conclude that each system of substitute family care in the examined countries is based on different social systems and from this point of view there are also differences that should be taken into account when assessing and examining the adoption and foster care policies.

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СТАНОВАЊЕ УЗ ПОДРШКУ ЗА ОСОБЕ СА ИНВАЛИДИТЕТОМ У СРБИЈИ – НЕКИ ПОКАЗАТЕЉИ КВАЛИТЕТА УСЛУГЕ

Author(s): Boban Petrović,Duška Stojisavljević,Dragomir Lukić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2016

The Community-Based Supported Housing (CBSH) service for people with disabilities, as one of the new social services, has been developing in the Balkans and Eastern Europe in the last 10 years. In Serbia, this program has been developed by several organizations and institutions, on the basis of at least two different models. However, the CBSH service, although defined by the new Law on Social Protection, is still not implemented in the social welfare system of Serbia, and there is a need for constant testing of the quality and effects of the CBSH service. The research was conducted on a sample of 23 people with intellectual disabilities (PwID), of different gender, age, degree and type of disabilities, who have already been using the housing system in cooperation with the Serbian association for promoting inclusion – SAPI's for 10 years. The applied instruments represent the operationalizations of the practical, cognitive and social competence, social inclusions in the community life and different personal characteristics of the users of the CBSH service. Data analysis is based on the descriptive statistics, repeated measures ANOVA and t-test for independent samples. The results indicate positive changes in all investigated aspects, and suggest that these changes may serve as indices of the quality of the the CBSH services.

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Kształtowanie przestrzeni miejskiej przez i dla seniorów

Author(s): Małgorzata Spasiewicz-Bulas / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2013

The article was based on the findings and experiences that emerged throughout the project “Seniors decide – public dialogue of the senior citizens in Krakow”. It focuses on the subject of public space in relation to the life conditions and civic participation of senior citizens in the city. Desk research and focus group research enabled the analysis of the programs addressed to the senior citizens in the Krakow Commune. The workshops with senior citizens and the usage of the “walking diagnosis” method served to reveal the potential of the elder to analyze and infl uence the city spaces. The article quotes the results of the research, describes the participatory techniques used during the project and employed by the other groups of senior citizens involved locally in Poland, and finally mentions the examples of the bottom-up initiatives held by the elders related to the physical space of the cities.

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Aktywne starzenie się w Krakowie – postulat czy rzeczywistość? Osoby starsze jako beneficjenci działań podejmowanych w przestrzeni miasta Krakowa

Author(s): Anna Pawlina / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2013

Presented article addresses the issue of adequacy of actions taken in the urban space of Krakow in relation to the specific needs of elderly citizens. Krakow is considered as heterogeneous space in terms of perceiving and responding to the needs of this group of inhabitants. The analysis is organized by the spheres of cultural, educational, sports, and recreational activities that are offered by commercial and non-profit institutions. The point of reference is the theory of productive ageing (Bass, Caro 2001) and age friendly city (World Health Organization, 2007).

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Polisa na lepszą starość. Edukacja w późnej dorosłości jako metoda przeciwdziałania marginalizacji osób starszych na przykładzie działania Jagiellońskiego Uniwersytetu Trzeciego Wieku

Author(s): Ewa Piłat / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2013

Life experience of elderly generations seems to be insuffi cient to live in the contemporary world. In order not to be marginalised, elderly people must gain new skills. Reality cannot be changed. Progress cannot be stopped. It is the elderly generation that must keep pace. In this pursuit education can help. The University of the Third Age is a natural and obvious place to get education in late adulthood.

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Seniorzy na granicy wykluczenia społecznego – metody zapobiegania wykluczeniu cyfrowemu

Author(s): Lidia Maria Jedlińska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2013

The ongoing demographic change in the near future will determine the shape of social policy not only Polish but also the Member States of the European Union, whose greatest asset is the knowledge, skills, entrepreneurship, creativity and talents of the residents. Cultural institutions, mainly the library trying to keep up with these changes, they must extend their statutory activities and expand the educational offer directed to the local community, especially senior citizens by offering them customized access to knowledge and information. The article presents a general analysis of the situation and describes innovative integrated activities realized by the Regional Public Library in Krakow in cooperation with the Polish-German Association in Krakow since 2007 as part of the programme “School of the @ctive Senior – S@S”.

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Opieka, pomoc i aktywizacja: Caritas Archidiecezji Krakowskiej wobec potrzeb osób starszych i chorych

Author(s): Agnieszka Homan,Bernadetta Łacheta / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2013

The article presents the work of the Caritas of the Archdiocese of Krakow, a catholic charity as well as non-profit organization, for the elderly, chronically ill and disabled. Wide range of these people needs has made help for them the most developed area of activity of Caritas in Krakow which is still seeking new solutions to acknowledged problems. The article describes centers of permanent, temporary and daily care as well as institutions for chronically ill patients, such as care centers and rehabilitation equipment rentals run by Caritas. It also outlines preventive programmes aimed at improving health condition in the elderly. Another issue is voluntary work in parishes for elderly and sick citizens, worth mentioning because of its profile and the fact that for majority of volunteers, who are in advanced age, such activity helps to find their place and function well in society.

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Holistyczne oddziaływanie na seniorów – doświadczenia Ośrodka Wsparcia dla Osób Starszych Caritas Archidiecezji Krakowskiej

Author(s): Katarzyna Białożyt / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2013

Older people are beginning to constitute the largest social group in the overall structure of the Polish population. Today’s seniors are significantly different from their peers before 10–20 years. Currently, a large group of older generation wants to continue to be active, full members of society. In order to decrease the negative attitudes towards old age and valorization of this period of life arise various kinds of institutions that focus on the constructive use of the potential of seniors while creating the conditions for self-realization. In this paper are shown different forms of impacts on seniors who join in the life of the local community by participating in the Centre for Ageing Support Caritas Archidiocese of Krakow. Thanks to the commitment of the oldest generation in this type of activity it becomes possible overall impact on an elderly man who despite the loss of biological may experience a high quality of life.

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Specyficzny charakter rodzinnego domu pomocy

Author(s): Dominik Chechelski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2013

The aim of the article is to present a Family-Type Assisted Living – a relatively new and little known form of 24-hour care. Designed for elderly and disabled people, they constitute an offer, considerably different from conventional Nursing Homes. Firstly, the article presents legal foundations which regulate the functioning of such facilities. Subsequently, a package of services for customers is presented. The next part contains a set of ideas related to Family -Type Assisted Living which are decisive in the specific character of such institutions. After theoretical deliberations, the article shows practical aspects of functioning of one such facilities and deals with future prospects for Family-Type Assisted Living.

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Zooterapia jako innowacyjna metoda pracy socjalnej wspierająca jakość życia seniorów

Author(s): Lucjan Miś,Lucjan Miś,Katarzyna Żuraw / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2013

Social work is a profession still searching for more eff ective methods of work that lead to improve the quality of people’s lives. In the area of professional activity nowadays is an animal assisted therapy considered to be the most natural, as based on the direct contact with animals, method used in the process of treatment and rehabilitation of people with disabilities. Many research and inter Katarzyna vention programs incorporated in the United States shown the positive results of the method on people’s well being. The effects are noticeable independently of age, gender and race, sexual orientation, socio-economic status or living conditions. Th e answer to the question whether it is possible to introduce this innovative method of work with the elderly in social work in Poland will be presented in our article. In this text a reference is made to our qualitative research we carried out among animal-assisted therapy experts.

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Starość na stronach internetowych Regionalnych Ośrodków Polityki Społecznej. Problemy ludnościowe a polityka społeczna

Author(s): Lucjan Miś,Katarzyna Ornacka,Marek Szepski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2013

The number of old people in Poland has significantly increased for last decade. Among others, the causes of this growth are: lengthening of human life and emigration of young people abroad. Population changes has been becoming a problem, which meet reaction from side of state social policy institutions, such as government, ministries and local authorities. In this paper, we present scope of usage of information and communication technologies by old people (aft er their sixty year of age). We show also offers of Regional Centers of Social Policy addressed to elderly people. In the last years, a few regional centers off ered information and some assistance programs targeted to seniors. In addition, the off ers were usually formulated in bureaucratic language, very unfriendly to potential customers.

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The Participation of the Elderly as an Aim of Social Work in Austria

Author(s): Ines Findenig,Arno Heimgartner / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2013

The following article analyses participation possibilities of older people in Austria based on the demographic change. On this basis, categories of work types are established and discussed. This concerns the areas of people’s own work, familial work, informal and formal engagement as well as paid work. The social worker’s attempts to the creation of the informal and formal engagement are presented from an Austrian perspective. Introduced volunteers centres and citizens’ offices devote themselves to the coordination of the engagement within the community. In addition, there are new attempts arising in volunteer’s work, like for example voluntourism. Social inequalities are to be considered in participation within society. Th ese form along the differences of age, gender, levels of education, migration and socio-economic status. Different participation areas are furthermore to be distinguished against the background of a critical discourse around participation. Participation can cause positive eff ects for older people and therefore it seems important to work on its realization. Part of this task is to indicate diff erent barriers and possibilities of implementation. Finally, quantitative proportions and developments in the diff erent working forms of older people will be discussed.

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Social Work in Institutional Care for Older Adults: Transforming Medically Oriented Homes for the Older People into Community-oriented Care Centres

Author(s): Valentina Hlebec,Jana Mali / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2013

In recent years, demographical changes have posed a significant interest for social work. The primary aim of social work as a science and as a profession is to ensure the social participation of all people on all levels of society: micro, meso and macro. Social work is therefore connected not just with individuals and families, but also with communities and society as a whole. This paper presents how this characteristic of social work in homes for the older people infl uence on the transformation of Slovenian institutional care from primary residential care to centres of care for the older people. Th e signifi cant impact is in the diff erence of social work between socially and medically oriented homes. Th e diff erence lies in social work methods as well as in the roles of the social worker in different areas of work with the residents, relatives and staff . This approach enables the provision of holistic care for the older people in institutions and in the community. Slovenian homes for the older people with existing and planned forms of assistance in the community demonstrate that institutional care is not necessarily linked only to the classical care in an institution. The transformation of homes enables the development of new forms of care for older adults both inside and outside each home for the older people

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Relationships between Resilience and Well-Being in Family Caregivers to Holocaust Survivors

Author(s): Keith A. Anderson,Noelle L. Fields / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2013

The caregiver role can be challenging as family members address the oft en complex needs of aging relatives. Resilience, the process or trait related to addressing and rebounding from adversity, may play a role in determining how well family caregivers fare. In this study, the authors explored the relationships between resilience and well-being in a uniquely resilient group – family caregivers to Holocaust survivors. Surveys were completed by a convenience sample of family caregivers (N = 89) living in the United States. One-way between subjects ANOVA with Scheff é post-hoc tests were run to compare low-, moderate-, and high-resilience caregivers. Depression was significantly lower for each progressively higher resilience group. Physical well-being was signifi cantly lower in the low-resilience group. Caregiver burden was not signifi cantly diff erent between groups. Resilience may have a prophylactic role in preserving physical and emotional well-being in family caregivers; however, resilience and burden may have a more nuanced relationship. Burden may have been underreported due to (a) comparisons with the stress experienced by the Holocaust survivors and/or (b) a heightened sense of filial piety. Health care practitioners should be aware of the complex role that resilience can potentially play both in protecting well-being and in masking burden in family caregivers.

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