Niepełnosprawny jako aktywny obywatel – problematyka integracji społecznej i zawodowej osób niepełnosprawnych w Polsce

Author(s): Marek Rymsza / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The paper describes two main approaches to activation services offered to persons with disabilities: social (re)integration (rehabilitation / inclusion) and work integration (vocational rehabilitation). Work integration is characterized as an aim and result mainly of the state policies while social inclusion is characterized first of all as a phenomenon of activities undertaken by associations and foundations from the third sector. Author arguers for the complementary character of relation between social inclusion and work integration programs. Both have to produce an empowerment effect through their services. It is also stressed luck of co-ordiation of activation services offered by different institutions as state fund called PFRON, social integration centers, social welfare agencies and job centers.

Niepełnosprawny jako self-adwokat działający w imieniu i na rzecz innych niepełnosprawnych

Author(s): Elżbieta Zakrzewska-Manterys / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The paper deals with the problem of self-advocacy treated as an activity serving in behalf of disabled persons’ empowerment and emancipation. But the base of this activity is ability to independent decision making and reflective thinking, to which people with mental handicap are, more or less, incapable. The thesis of the paper is then the statement that self-advocacy should be applied to disabled, but fully intellectually capable, persons. The actions undertaken by mentally handicapped self-advocates towards persons from their social environment are apparent and lead to development of facade knowledge about their abilities in social life.

Niepełnosprawny jako pracownik i pracodawca

Author(s): Ewa Giermanowska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Despite many legislative and financial actions, the labour market of people with disabilities, is characterized by their low professional activity. This is a visible contradiction to growing expectations of disabled people community, especially those young and well educated, who are more convinced of the value and need of professional work. Despite many inconveniences associated with performing their professional activity, working is a source of satisfaction for them. Treating people with disabilities as equal and equal citizens in the sphere of work is one of the condition to the process of normalization and their social integration. In breaking the social stereotypes connected to employment of disabled people, those factors may play the biggest role: quality of created law, spreading good practices through employers and promoting successful careers of people with disabilities.

Niepełnosprawny jako pracujący w systemie ekonomii społecznej

Author(s): Przemysław Nosal,Natalia Wasielewska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Social economy is an important area of the social integration. It uses economic tools to keep the margin groups in the core of social life. The one of the margin groups are disabled people. Social economy offers them the wide scope of the social entrepreneurship models. We would focus on three of them: therapeutic session tool-room, labour activation plant and disabled people social cooperatives. This text analyse both advantages and disadvantages of these social economy subjects.

Промене у односима сродника услед смрти члана породице

Author(s): Jadranka Đorđević-Crnobrnja / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

The causal-consenquential link between the death, the inheritance and the kinship relations is indicated in the paper. The death of the individual who was the owner of the one part or of the major part of family property during his/her life is a cause for heritage partitioning, while reorganization of "forces and powers" within the kinship structure is the consequence of this partitioning. The city of Vranje with its near area spatialy frames the subject of issue, while the 20th century last decade does it temporaly.

На кога личе деца: сродство код Срба и принципи перцепције сличности међу сродницима

Author(s): Zorica Ivanović / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Contemporary anthropological research show that an understanding of the body and personality characteristics including perceptions of their origin and means of their transmission is to be seen as an integral part of the structure of a kinship system. This article is concerned with the question of the use of the body and identity of a child in the process of managing power relations within the traditional and the modern Serbian kinship systems. It examines principles that regulate the perception of physical and psychological resemblance between children and their parents and other kins as well as rules that shape the choice of a name. The aim of exploring ideas about the origin and ways of transmitting phisical and personality characteristics of children is to gain the insight into complex relationships between different aspects of the kinship system and to unravel the mechanisms of its transformation or continuity.

О забрани брака са афиналним сродницима

Author(s): Zorica Ivanović / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Припреме за брачни живот у селима североисточне Србије

Author(s): Zorica Divac / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Продужење родитељског права у поступку продужења

Author(s): Ljubica Mandić / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

New amendments in our Law on non-contentious procedure approved in 2014 brought significant changes in procedure for the extension of parental rights. Most important of those changes refers to concept of legal institute itself. Now this institute is harmonized with our Constitution, UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and Recommendation of the Committee of Ministers to Member States on principles concerning the legal protection of incapable adults. Besides, in fourth part of this legal act now there are three special non-contentious proceedings that refer to the extension of parental rights. In this article we present and analyze those amendments in our non-contentious system.

Embracing Children’s Right to Decisional Privacy in Proceedings under the Family Law Act 1975 (Cth):

Author(s): Georgina Dimopoulos / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Privacy and family law are both dynamic, subjects of passionate debate, and constantly changing with developments in society, policy and technology. This paper develops a normative understanding of the meaning and value of privacy in the context of proceedings under the Family Law Act 1975 (Cth) (Family Law Act) that embraces children’s decision-making autonomy. The focus is privacy’s decisional dimension, which has received scant scholarly attention in the Australian family law context. Recognising and respecting children’s (as distinct from their parents’) decision-making autonomy, and children’s right to make decisions that might conflict with their parents’ (and the state’s) wishes, remain significant, and unresolved, challenges for the Australian family courts. This paper explores these issues using court authorisation of special medical procedures for children diagnosed with gender dysphoria as a case study. This paper argues that the construction of children as vulnerable to harm and the hierarchical nature of the parent-child relationship under the Family Law Act, coupled with judicial approaches to determining the ‘best interests of the child’ as the paramount consideration, have inhibited the Family Court of Australia from embracing children’s decisional privacy. This paper addresses concerns about the perceived conflictual consequences of doing so. It emphasises the relationality of children’s rights, the significance of the family unit, and the public interest in promoting children as active participants in proceedings as a policy goal of family law.

An Insight into the History of the Engagement Institution

Author(s): Astrid Isabela Bogdan / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The foundation stone of any society affirms on many occasions that it is the family, also called the basic cell of society, but before we can talk about the founding of a family, we consider it necessary to make a history for a stage that precedes the engagement. This institution, although it is an important element and often encountered in the history of many people, we can say that today it is gradually losing its essence. Moreover, we consider that the engagement term has undergone an intense process of metamorphosis, bearing in mind that initially, in many communities, this covenant first reflected a covenant belonging to the two families of which the two fiancées came from. Of course, this custom has been kept strictly, but only in certain communities. In addition, affirming the realization of such a ritual, if you wish, was a true event for which it was necessary to involve not only the two fiancées but the whole family. Also, this event has always been reported over time to another fundamental event – the marriage, and with the passage of time, it is interesting to note that the time interval has been incredibly shortened, but it is noteworthy that the engagement ring has preserved his sacred role in the whole process.

Potrebe trans osoba u zdravstvenom sustavu

Author(s): Asmira Topal / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Prvenstveno je potrebno naglasiti da ne treba svim trans osobama jednaka zdravstvena skrb, što je često pogrešna pretpostavka medicinske struke. Primjerice, neke trans osobe se odluče na hormonsku terapiju, ali ne i na operativne zahvate, ili obratno, odluče obaviti pojedine operativne zahvate, ali ne počnu s hormonskom terapijom. Potrebno je voditi se informiranim pristankom te omogućiti osobi da sama za sebe odluči koji oblici skrbi su joj potrebni.

Factors Contributing to Marital Dissatisfaction and Divorce in the Military

Author(s): Jennifer D. Lares / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Military members are no different than civilians in terms of the desires to have a life partner and have a satisfied marital life after marriage. However, the challenges faced by many military members and their families are different than those facing the civilian families by the sheer nature of their service. This study conducts an in-depth academic literature analysis regarding the impacts of the unique trials and tribulations that face military personnel on their marital dissatisfaction or dissolution. While an empirical hypothetical model to test whether factors such as length of deployment, number of deployments, post-traumatic stress disorder impact the military marital dissatisfaction is provided in this paper, there is no quantitative analysis conducted due to lack of access to relevant data.

Impact of Psycho-Social Predictors on the Quality of Life of the Elderly in Pakistan

Author(s): Naqeeb Shah,Basharat Hussain Basharat Hussain,Samiullah Paracha,Muhammad Shakeel Ahmad / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This study was aimed to analyze the Quality of Life of the elderly with regard to socio-economic conditions and psycho-social perspectives in Peshawar, Pakistan. In the present review, the focus has been made to examine the impacts of various predictors on the quality of life. A multiple indicator approach, which was based on PLS-SEM, was used to assess the impact of different psycho-socio-economic and demographic indicators on the psychological well-being of the elderly. Hypotheses were planned and evaluated for each dimension in the analysis. A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Two standard inventories: Scale with Life Satisfaction and Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale were adopted and evaluated as a composite outcome measure “Quality of Life”, employing Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling technique. The coefficient in the model showed that Social Circle, Health and General Activity have a significant contribution to the Quality of Life. The findings of the study indicated that the relationship between the explanatory variables and outcome variable was strong in the model. All constructs collectively were accounted for 68% of the amount of variance in the construct of Quality of Life. The result exhibited that the Friends and Family construct was the strongest determinant for Quality of Life and Psychological wellbeing in the retired elderly.

Kuchenna bieda. Szkic antropologiczny o jedzeniu i przestrzeni

Author(s): Inga B. Kuźma / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article applies to cooking and eating, which also belong to the scope of social assistance, provided to people experiencing homelessness or at risk of homelessness. Food and kitchen facilities are marked by the status of their users and recipients. People who can almost exclusively rely on outside help eat either what they can get from others (by begging, by searching the rubbish bins) or what they receive from others (all forms of official and voluntary food supply). Products that are used to prepare meals, as well as the manner and place of their preparation, consumption or issuance, are marked by people who use this form of help. The more so because this kind of feeding is subject to many restrictions included, among others in laws, regulations and other state guidelines and in internal institutional regulations. In this context, the kitchen appears primarily as a practice securing the biological possibility of survival and satisfying hunger. However, you can also find examples when eating practices provide emotional and social support. The symbol of solidarity may be a meal offered by Food not Bombs or a kitchen – a common place, where “sharing yourself”, sharing emotions, and not just eating. The author shows the diversity of attitudes towards the kitchen, food and as nutrition, drawing examples from her own field research, conducted in 2009 in Lodz institutions specializing in helping people experiencing homelessness or being at risk.

Adoption History. From Ancient Societies to Contemporary Societies

Author(s): Silvia Timofti / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

From the earliest times, the religious factor has said its word on several social systems. The social factor has been of great importance and relevance to the social construction of the communities as well as to the regulation of the various institutions I have chosen the ones that represent the interests of society. Among these institution is adoption, being one of the oldest law institutions. Adoption is a social phenomenon that has undergone changes that have been inevitable and a breakthrough in the turn of the century. This form of social protection of children, adoption, played a particularly important role in antiquity especially in the institutions of the Jews, the Assyrians, the Greeks, the Indians and the Romans, because the adopted person was perceived as the one to represent the perpetuation of the religious and political interests of the people, after the persons who approached the children died.

Playground Safety Practices. Injury Prevention and Effective Investigation

Author(s): Alexandra Ioana Curcă / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

While technology and business patterns are evolving at a very high pace, new markets are developing, and so are consumer preferences and expectations. Over the past 30 years, entertainment industries have become sectors with immense profits and sustainable growth, the children segment being the greatest contender. However, the multitude of options in terms of attractions to choose from is not always accompanied by strict knowledge of operational standards, thus creating an increase in the risk of injury that children are subjected to during their play-time. Despite the fact that most playground equipment’s are not properly certified or do not comply with the specific provisions, most cases remain inconclusive, due to lack of evidence arising from a knowledge gap that the authorities must cover. In case of playground accidents, the investigators need to be well aware and up to date with the regulations, not only to determine who to hold accountable, but also to be able to take the necessary control measures in order to reduce children play-related injuries.

Instrumenty prawa pracy wspierające politykę prorodzinną – wybrane aspekty

Author(s): Katarzyna Serafin / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Family is a basic element of society structure which makes it a universal value in the whole world of people’s society irrespective of socioeconomic or political systems of any country. Being constantly a great universal value as a basic social group at the same time family is undergoing dynamic transformation courses mainly related to changing social customs. At the same time more and more unfavorable demographic tendencies, such as postponement of decisions concerning birth of the first child and low fertility rate, are observed. Taking in consideration all tendencies mentioned above one should emphasize the need for different kind of state actions bound for diversion or at least stopping the negative demographic phenomena. One of them is properly shaped family policy, which consists of different forms of legal, economic and social support of the State for the families. In the paper there have been presented some labour law instruments, supporting State family policy guidelines implementation. The author has mainly concentrated on those legal regulations, which have been amended in the past few years. These include legal solutions related to working time and work organization, maternity protection and leaves related to parenthood.

Споразумна диоба у браку стечене имовине (de lege lata и de lege ferenda)

Author(s): Stanka Stjepanović / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Amicable division of property acquired in marriage may be the desire of spouses to their undetermined interests. This can happen during marriage and at point of dissolution of marriage. The focus of this paper is on amicable division of property acquired in marriage. But the agreement does not always reflect the free will of the contractor; usually it is the pressure of one spouse which leads to violation of the rights of another spouse. The analysis of consensual division leads to a conclusion that there is a need to amend the law regulating mandatory form of such an agreement. Amicable division of property acquired in marriage has two dimensions: the constitutionally guaranteed freedom of contract and equality of spouses and at the same time limits the freedom rights of third parties, in particular, freedom rights of public bodies. Therefore, amicable division of property acquired in marriage should always take the form of a court settlement. If the spouses have minor children or children over whom they have extended parental rights and guardianship, representative of authority should be present at the proceedings. The court should require that the parties make a statement, under civil and criminal liability, that they have no debts to third parties. If, however, parties do have debts to third parties, the said third party(ies) should submit statements confirming they are familiar with the agreement of the spouses, and that this agreement is not contrary to their interests. This would prevent abuse of the rights of spouses to amicably division. It is also important that the judge at the hearing carries out detailed examination in order to make sure that neither of the spouses was forced or tricked into concluding such an agreement. In legal theory and jurisprudence there are different possible interpretations of using the Paulian claim in canceling agreement on division of property acquired during marriage. Paulian claim is possible in these cases, but anyway, it is better to prevent a lawsuit being filed before the court by corroborating an agreement with participants and creditors.

Утврђивање мишљења детета у паpницама за развод брака у контексту најбољег интереса детета

Author(s): Zoran Ponjavić / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

In this work the author analyzes two important principles of the Convention on the Rights of the Child: the best interest of the child and the child’s right to freely express its views. The relationship between these two principles is best reflected in divorce cases when the court has to pass a decision related to custody and maintaining of personal relations between the child and non-custodial parent. In practice, the problem arises in the situation when it is not clearly defined, that is, given as a legal standard, what represents the best interest of the child and when the expressing of child’s view depends on the assessment whether the child is capable of forming his own opinion. According to the Republic of Serbia Family Law this capacity is acknowledged to the child above the age of 10, while in all other cases it is the court or an administrative organ who decides on the child’s capacity to form his views. In divorce litigation, a child has the right to express his view under certain conditions, but he is not obliged to do so. In this work the author also analyses the position of the child in this proceeding. The child is not considered to be a party in the proceeding, only a privileged informant. In the conclusion, the author underlines the danger of possible manipulation of the child by his parents, since the child’s views can often be used as the evidence in the case in which the parents are in a conflicting situation. Therefore, the court should be allowed in all cases, not only in those involving the children under the age of 10, to assess whether the child’s participation in the proceeding is in his best interest. Not always the autonomy of the child and his rights are synonymous with his best interests.