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Прилог о Зборнику могуће стратегије развоја Србије

Author(s): Časlav Ocić,Dragan Stanić,Dragan Škorić,Vladan Đorđević,Vera Dondur,Radivoje Mitrović,Slobodan Č. Antonić,Rajko Kuzmanović,Rajko Tomaš / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 32/2016

Будућност Србије: фундирање стратегологије Пледоаје за развој српске стратегологије: проблем језичке културе и енциклопедистике Прилог изради стратегије развоја села и пољопривреде Србије Будућност припада онима који се за њу припремају Залог за будућност Куда (и како) треба (и може) да иде Србија? Наука је рекла своје, на реду су политичари Ујединити интелектуалне снаге Могу ли мале земље имати властите стратегије развоја у условима глобализације?

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ACCOUNTING – SOCIAL SCIENCE

Author(s): Marian Zaroschi / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2016

Accounting as a mathematics-derived science appeared in Venice during the Renaissance, and permanently evolved and adapted to the economic development of society and addressed the increased information needs in the context of emerging economic entities and investors. The development of entities and increased economic complexity also increased the number of people interested in the information resulting from the informational subsystem of accounting. Today, when globalization has visible effects, and company holdings are active in multiple countries, and technical progress is on the rise, the information flows employed by accounting increased at the same pace with such entities. Selecting from the complexity of information travelling in the world economy requires an accounting normalization process, and the unitary understanding of the complexity of information flows generated by accounting required a harmonization of the summary documents, accounting methods and terminology. Romania, as part of the world system of information flows, subscribed to accounting normalization and accepted two accounting organization models. On one hand, the application of the accounting referential to a defined group of entities as established by international rules (IFRS – under Order no. 881/2012 of the Ministry of Public Finance) and the other entities applying the national rules established under Order no. 1802/2014 of the Minister of Public Finance, in force as of 01 January 2015. Considering the extent of the implementation of established principles, assessment bases and accounting-specific practices, and the large number of people interested in the information flows generated by accounting, and the influence exerted on large population groups, one can safely state that this is a social science.

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Проектирование продуктивного механизма управления миграционными образовательными потоками на основе экономико-математического моделирования

Author(s): Oleg Nikolaevich Luchko,Oleg Yurievich Patlasov,Svetlana Khamitanova Mukhametdinova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6/2018

Introduction. The authors investigate the problem of migration flows management in the field of education, based on mathematical and economic modelling. The purpose of the article is to identify the techniques of efficient educational migration management as a part of migration balance. Materials and Methods. The authors utilized such research methods as questionnaires, expert evaluation, economic and mathematical modeling and tools of cognitive modeling in accordance with R. Axelrod’s methodology which is applied for the analysis of open systems containing hardly formalizable links between their components, taking into account the external influence. Results. The analysis of current trends in migration processes has been conducted in the context of globalization and educational migration as their integral part. The features of educational migration flows in the Omsk region and their impact on the migration balance have been revealed. The authors identify controlling factors having most significant influence on the migration balance as a resultant factor depending on the intensity of educational migration and the degree of their mutual influence, taking into account the impact of the external environment. A cognitive model of migration balance has been introduced. It became the basis for a series of simulation experiments with specialized software which allowed to predict the effect of changes in the influence of various controlling factors on the migration balance. Recommendations for an efficient mechanism of managing migration educational flows in the Omsk region have been proposed. Conclusions. In conclusion, the authors summarize the main techniques of efficient educational migration management as a part of migration balance. The study reveals the main control factors influencing the level of migration balance in the Omsk region. Among them are: better quality of higher education in Russia, geographic location, national discrimination and language barriers in the Republic of Kazakhstan, etc. A system of measures to manage educational migration flows as the most important components of the migration balance, taking into account the specifics of the Omsk Region, has been developed.

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ROMANIA - BETWEEN THE RECOVERY OF GAPS AND THE AMPLIFICATION OF SOCIAL INEQUALITIES AND POVERTY

Author(s): Gheorghe Radu / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2018

There is a paradox of Romania’s economic and social transition process: its more and more visible economic progress in recent years has been accompanied by a complex process of deepening intra-regional disparities but also of increasing poverty in some regions/counties of the country. For the time being, socio-economic consequences, which are becoming more and more complex, are not being assessed. This reinforces even more the idea that besides the fact that in the comparisons of living standards between countries GDP per capita has a major role, it says too little about how income is distributed among the population or about the existence of other non-monetary factors which can influence the quality of life of a population.

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FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGIES (FINTECH), INSTRUMENTS, MECHANISMS AND FINANCIAL PRODUCTS

Author(s): Otilia Manta / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2018

The holistic approach to the phenomenon of expansion of financial innovations and current financial technologies, as abbreviated as FinTech, knows very specific elements and adapted to the global financial context. Moreover, this new funding instrument has mainly emerged from the need to streamline the funding system, a technology-based system, or to provide financial services tailored to the current needs of consumers (especially those in need of funding, this is also the real reason for the coupling of fintech to the financial inclusion of those excluded financially), as well as the design of new, reliable financial products that respond to the market. Our personal experience in integrated consulting for small farmers in Romania (over 15,000 small farms benefiting from our services) as well as the design of a unique microfinance model in the Romanian market, the microfinance model „MicrofInance anTreprenor (MIT)” in 2017 with applicability in the Microfinance Micro-Enterprises (MSM) developed in the Romanian market and promoted the concept at European level through the European Microfinance Network (Brussels) under project ID 135486. The financial space is dual, presenting two often contradictory hypostases: the totality of entities, collection flows, on the one hand, and all entities, channels, stocks and placement flows, and in the current context of digital financial technologies, it is in the virtual space.

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Consideraţii geopolitice şi geostrategice ale zonei Mării Negre sau politica regională în devenire

Author(s): Ion DEACONESCU / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 26/2010

The relative decline of the United States in several regions of the world, as well as the more and more visible role of the European Union, have lately favoured new types of approaches to continental geopolitics, of adaptation to the differentiated growth of power among states and of real modification of the present international system. This article discusses the place occupied by Romania within the new regional politics in the context of the new opportunities of entering to the area energy mechanism, becoming a regional power, edifying and consolidating its position within the process of regional cooperation, and increasing economic competitiveness.

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Perspectives and Distinctive Particularities of Collaborative Networks

Author(s): Alexandru Ionut Roja,Marian Năstase / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2012

Intra and extra organizational collaboration has become an important factor in increasing organizational competitiveness and regional ones. Technical and technological progress and the knowledge economy have led to the emergence of collaborative networks. Collaborative networks provides an opportunity for organizations to gain access to strategic resources or complementary base and constantly adapt resources, capabilities and potential to become proactive and to be competitive in an environment (environment) dynamic and turbulent. Complexity of collaboration between organizations within collaborative networks may vary and often depend on factors that have led to the emergence networks. Understanding the distinctive features specific perspectives and collaborative networks is the scientific approach of this paper.

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On the causal links between the stock market and the economy of Hong Kong

Author(s): Sin-Yu Ho,Bernard Njindan Iyke / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

A bulk of literature has identified the major economic drivers of Hong Kong’s rapid and steady economic performance over the last three decades. Of the major economic drivers identified, the performance of the stock market has received less attention. This paper examines the causal links between the stock market performance and economic performance of Hong Kong in an augmented VAR setting. Using an extended quarterly dataset that covers the period of 1986Q2–2014Q4 and the Toda-Yamamoto causality test, we find that stock market performance as proxied by the market capitalization ratio and economic performance stimulate each other. In addition, stock market performance as proxied by the total value traded ratio and economic performance influence each other. However, the causal links between stock market performance and economic performance dissipate if stock market performance is proxied by the turnover ratio. This finding suggests that the causal links between stock market performance and economic performance are highly dependent on the proxy used for stock market performance in the case of Hong Kong.

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Project Management and Intellectual Property

Author(s): Mircea Negruţă,Ion Năftănăilă / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2011

Recent approaches consider the knowledge as a determinant factor in the current economy, moving from the knowledge-based economy to the knowledge driving economy. (European Commission - Directorate-General for Enterprise 2004) In that context, along with the growing importance of the intangible assets, and along with the changing criteria for defining the competitive advantages, the intellectual property related issues are increasingly addressed. Therefore, the intellectual property management science has evolved in the past few decades and it is becoming more and more important among the overall management science and practice. As a part of this science, the intellectual property management in the field of project management has just started. It is related to intellectual property components that appear, interfere and result from the project management processes. This paper is trying to find out the place that the intellectual property has in project management, to point out the previous similar approaches and to provide directions for further research in the field.

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Trust in Network Relationships

Author(s): Jost Wagner / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2010

Networks are a central issue in management and governance literature in the last years. This contribution discusses the advantages of networks as a management model, introduces different models of trust and their role in establishing and stabilisation of network relationship and describes trust supporting structures and problematic aspects of trust. Finally it pleads for a combination of trust and awareness to avoid problems connected with the concept of trust.

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Measuring income inequality: comparative datasets and methodological deficiencies. An overview of income inequality in Romania during postsocialism

Author(s): Ionuţ-Marian Anghel / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2017

The article delineates the main methodological deficiencies and datasets available for comparing income inequality at the European and world level. The article is divided in two parts. In the first part of the article, I present the main datasets and methodological deficiencies when trying to compare income inequality in the world. Although efforts have been made in the last decades to generate comparative databases, the qualities of some indicators are rather doubtful and also there is no common ground on conceptualizing inequality indicators and measuring them, some of which are income-based, while others are household expenditure-based. Then, I present two classical studies on studying income inequality after the Washington consensus. In the second part of the article I sketch an overview of rising income inequality in Romania after 1989 by presenting some income inequality indicators and comparing them with other former CEE countries. However, I will pinpoint that Romania’s case is rather exceptional in the EU and, when comparing standard income inequality indicators, further explication needs to be delivered. I conclude that while income inequality is the result of macro-structural changes that occurred during the transition to market capitalism, political decisions are not to be played-down.

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Tranzitie si consolidare democratică în Sud-Estul Europei: strategii, modele, teorii si concepte

Author(s): Anca Parmena Olimid / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 18+19/2008

This article presents the principal findings of the democratic transition and democratic consolidation. It analysis and compares the information providing new criteria alike to illustrate the relationship between democracy and economic progress. The article also argues that our representations on completed democratic transition reflect the distinctive point of concern of the concept of democracy. A distinctive feature of the article is that it employs definitions derived from the democracy game theory

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The Complementarities of Criteria and the Selection of Investment Projects

Author(s): Florin-Aurelian Popescu,Ion Ioniţă / Language(s): English Issue: S1/2009

The investment policy has to be based on universally acknowledged and accepted project selection criterion. A decision regarding the pertinence of a particular investment or regarding the choice among several projects, can not be based on a single criterion of efficiency, but on a sum of complementary criterion that are considered representative. Presenting these criteria shows that the discount rate, the net present value, the internal ratability and the rate of return, can lead to choosing one of several investment options. In the valuation of investment projects practice, the calculation of these indexes can often lead to discrepant results and thus making it more difficult to analyze and choose the more efficient project or project variation. The authors’ goal in this paper is to summarize the results of the research conducted in order to limit the deficiencies that the above mentioned criteria present.

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Developing Countries. Transition Economies

Author(s): Dumitru Filipeanu / Language(s): English Issue: 10/2016

According to the modern theories of economic development – the take-off, backwardness, convergence and balanced growth hypothesis - the new industrialized states from Asia seem to have noticed the advantages of backwardness from which low income countries benefited, namely the possibility to take advantage of the latest technological discoveries of advanced countries, thus achieving a faster growth than the latter which operated closer to the technological border. The assimilation of appropriate technologies, however, required the efficient mobilization and allocation of resources and the improvement of human and physical capital. While the Western countries were confronted with crises generated by inflationary shocks and movements of speculative capital, the relative isolation of countries whose economy was planned by the world economy sheltered them until 1990, unemployment being practically non-existent. Asia's exceptional economic success is not only due to borrowing Western practices, but also to the fact that Asian societies maintained certain traditional features of their own culture - such as a strong work ethic - and integrated them in the modern business environment.

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Values and economic development

Author(s): Wiesław Banach / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2017

The main aim of the paper is to show and examine how culture shapes human progress; in particular—how values determine economic development. The author describes culture as an axiological sphere including values, rules, customs, beliefs attitudes and worldviews that are prevalent in a given society. According to the humanistic perspective (called cultural turn), adequate values and other axiological determinants have a very positive impact on economic development of each society. The author analyses Mariano Grondona’s twenty cultural factors: religion, trust in the individual, the moral imperative, two concepts of wealth, different views of competition, two notions of Justice, the value of work, the role of Heresy, education, the importance of utility, the lesser virtues, time focus, rationality, authority, worldview, life view, salvation from or in the world, two Utopians, nature of optimism, two visions of democracy. The main thesis of the Grondona’s work is that economic development and well-being of civilization depends on choosing a progressive value system by a society. The author emphasizes that a further study must be conducted to understand and apply scientifically this model.

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Pleading for a Good Cooperation between Institutions and Organisations in the Process of Acquiring Sustainable Development. Case Study on Romanian Agricultural Cooperatives

Author(s): Anatolie Ignat,Ionel Bostan,Oana Ramona Socoliuc / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

In a world where the scarce resources are limiting our choices, the importance of institutions as good practices is crucial for a long-term development perspective, irrespective of the economic sector where they are applied. In such context, we reiterate the importance of the primary sector in the equation of sustainable development with a particular focus on the existing good practices in Romanian agricultural profile that support sustainability trend in all its hypostases. The purpose of the present paper is to investigate the manner in which the existing institutional framework from Romania, formal and informal, is supporting the activity of agricultural cooperatives, perceived as successful patterns of economic activity, in order to assess the real contribution of Romania’s regulations to the process of long-term development.

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Current Trends in the Foreign Trade

Author(s): Florin-Alexandru Luca,Ana Iolanda Vodă,Dumitru Filipeanu / Language(s): English Issue: 05/2014

In this article, we aim at highlighting the benefits of international trade on economic growth and development. In the first part of the paper, we will outline the seminal theories in the doctrine of international trade. In the second part, we will focus on current developments in the exports and imports of goods and services. We will also consider several indicators meant to emphasize the various aspects of research. Our approach is a transversal-comparative one and static models pertain to uni- and multivariate analysis.

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Senior Citizens and the European Union. A Romanian Perspective

Author(s): Georgiana Udrea,Laura Andreea Ticoiu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

The general goal of this paper is to study senior Romanian citizens’ EU attitudes after ten years of European membership, with a special focus on the unsolved tension between the instrumental and symbolic perspectives. By looking at the present context, the purpose of this research is to assess the challenges and transformations of the EU-related opinions and support of traditional euro-enthusiastic citizens in times of vulnerability and struggling economies. Equally, the paper favours a future-oriented view, and puts under scrutiny people’s expectations and evaluations of the future developments of the EU and their consequences at personal, national and supra-national level.

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THE FASTEST GROWING LEAST DEVELOPED COUNTRIES

Author(s): Wioletta Nowak / Language(s): English Issue: 10/2017

The paper presents trends in economic growth and development in twelve least developed countries from 2006 to 2015. The study is based on the data retrieved from the World Bank Database. During the analysed 10 years, seven Asian (Myanmar, Lao PDR, Bhutan, Cambodia, Timor-Leste, Bangladesh, and Afghanistan) and five African (Ethiopia, Rwanda, Angola, Sudan, and Mozambique) LDCs had average annual GDP per capita growth rates higher than 4.0%. GDP has been largely generated through the services and industry sectors. A few LDCs sustained strong growth mainly because of foreign assistance and in other countries remittances were a significant source of development finance. Resource rich countries recorded high inflows of foreign direct investment. In a few fast growing LDCs the state has been heavily engaged in economy. The analysed LDCs substantially improved their development indicators.

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ISSUES REGARDING THE QUALITY OF LIFE IN THE ROMANIAN PENITENCIARIES – A BRIEF RESEARCH REPORT

Author(s): Simona Ilie,Cristina Tomescu,Lucian Rotariu / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2017

The article presents several findings of a study conducted in 2015 by a small team of researchers of The Research Institute for Quality of Life, at the proposal of the National Penitentiary Administration (NPA), regarding the main aspects of the prisoners‟ quality of life in penitentiaries. Covered topics include: housing, nutrition, health and education services provided in the penitentiary, systemic aspects that influence prisoners‟ quality of life. The study has a consistent qualitative component, based on data obtained by authors, from visiting several penitentiaries. The methodology includes the observation of the visited detention areas, interviews with the prisons‟ staff and the prisoners, also, the application of a questionnaire to a number of 78 inmates. Intersystemic aspects regarding functioning of the penitentiary system, poorly addressed in other studies in the field, are also present in the study.

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