Pamětní kniha nejvyšších úředníků v Čechách z let 1563–1774
Author discribes from the heraldic view the manuscript stored in National Archives containing the names and blazons of Provincial Court officials in Bohemia.
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Author discribes from the heraldic view the manuscript stored in National Archives containing the names and blazons of Provincial Court officials in Bohemia.
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Review of: Woitschová, Klára: „… což slušného a spravedlivého jest fedrovati…“. Personální obsazení pražského apelačního soudu v letech 1548–1783. Nová tiskárna Pelhřimov, spol. s r. o., Pelhřimov 2010, 197 s.
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Reviews of: 1. Balcárek, Pavel: Kardinál František Ditrichštejn 1570–1636. Gubernátor Moravy. Bohumír Němec – Veduta, České Budějovice 2007, 255 s. 2. Balcárek, Pavel: Kardinál František Ditrichštejn 1570–1636. Gubernátor Moravy. Bohumír Němec – Veduta, České Budějovice 2007, 255 s.
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The article is about the Prague Maharal and his participation in the Jewish-Christian polemics in the 16th and 17th centuries. The author examines the historical evidence of the Maharal's involvement in theological disputes with the Christian clergy, as well as the legends and stories that surround his figure. The author also analyzes the polemical intention of the Maharal's writings, especially his work Beer ha-Gola, which contains replies to Christian accusations against the Talmud. The author concludes that the Maharal was an active and influential defender of Judaism in a hostile environment.
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The oldest large banner of the Jewish Town, preserved in the Old-New Synagogue was probably procured under the rule of Wladislaus Jagellon (1471 - 1516) in connection with authorization for the Jews to take part in public ceremonies in honour of the ruler. Its existence has been documented for the first time in 1490. The banner was renewed under Ferdinand I (1526 - 1564), i. e. replaced by a larger banner which served until 1716 when its considerable deterioration made it necessary to substitute it by a replica, till this day exhibited in the Old-New Synagogue. In 1598 Mordechai Mayzl had another banner made for his private synagogue along the pattern of the older banner. This banner was destroyed in a fire and replaced by a replica in 1702. No other large banner was added to these two, neither in 1648 nor later. Last time the two banners were carried in public was probably in 1741. The Shield of David (hexagram) became the emblem of the town probably in 1530’s. At first it was possibly accompanied by Solomon’s seal (pentagram). The rise in popularity of the Shield of David can be attributed mainly to the newly stressed messianic significance of the symbol. The Jewish hat was later inserted in the hexagram; the oldest reliably documented image of the sign with the hat comes from 1620. Two legends emerged about the origin of the oldest banner and emblem-the first was the product of a renaissance fiction and forgery by Václav Hájek of Libočany, the second was probably the result of an error commited by an unknown amateur history enthusiast from the ghetto in the 1840’s.
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The article concerns the history of Jews in the town of Tachov (West Bohemia). It mentions existing historical sources and covers the period from the 15th to 18th centuries.
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This article describes the archaeological discovery and restoration of a ritual bath (mikveh) near the Pinkas Synagogue in Prague, dating back to the early 16th century. The mikveh was built in a medieval house that was adapted for this purpose, and was connected to a complex of rooms and vaults under the synagogue. The article provides details on the construction, layout, and function of the mikveh, as well as the historical and cultural context of the Jewish community in Prague. The article also discusses the challenges and significance of preserving this unique monument of Jewish heritage.
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Review of: Beyond Devotion. Religious and Literary Communities in the 16th and 17th Century Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Hrsg. von Łukasz Cybulski und Kristina Rutkovska . (Refo500 Academic Studies (R5AS), Bd. 91.) Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. Göttingen 2022. 300 S. ISBN 978-3-525-55295-7.
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The article discusses three Hebrew prints of Gersonide origin found in a collection of Venetian prints from the 16th and 17th centuries, which were not included in a previously published catalog. These prints are characterized by their ethical and apologetic nature, with one being the first Hebrew edition of the ethical work "Sefer ha-middot" by an unknown author, another being a defense of Judaism by Moshe ben Nahman, and the third containing sermons on morality by Jona Gerondi. The prints showcase the typographical and decorative styles of the Gerson printing family, particularly the work of Mordechai Zemah and his descendants, reflecting the evolution of book design and ornamentation during that period.
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The paper first deals with the economic causes and motivation of the conflicts existing between Jewish and non-Jewish inhabitants of Bohemia prior to 1541. Then the ideological reasons and arguments used in the conflict are summarized. Finally the author also pays attention to Jewish taxes in that period.
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The paper deals with Torah mantles from the collections of the State Jewish Museum, above all the oldest ones dating from the years 1592-1750. The readers are informed about their provenance, makers, donors, ways of decoration, and dedicatory inscriptions.
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This is the first part of a catalogue of selected Hebrew prints of Prague provenance from the collections of the State Jewish Museum in Prague. The author deals with 16th and 17th cent. Hebrew books published in Prague by the Gersonides family and the history of their Hebrew printing house. Then there are lists of those who worked in the printing house in the 16th-17th centuries including proof-readers, editors and partners. The graphic decoration of the printed books is also discussed. At the end of the paper is a list of the 16th-17th cent. Gersonides’ prints of Prague provenance.
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The paper analyses some ideas to be found in the works of Rabbi Löw (Maharal), above all his ethical views and conception of Man. The way in which Rabbi Low’s ideas have been viewed since the Enlightenment period are studied first. Then his religious and philosophical works are characterized, the conception of Man is explained and finally some ethical principles, mainly those contained in the book “Netivot colam“, are discussed. Special attention is paid to Maharal’s conception of human society and its development.
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Saint Paul of Xeropotamou is regarded as one of the most important ascetic figures of Mount Athos in the 10th century. Until now, it was considered that the oldest version of his vita was the one included in the Neon Eklogion of Nikodemos the Hagiorite, which was published in 1803. It was, however, overlooked that in 1967 the Soviet scholar Sigurd Schmidt published an article on four texts concerning Mount Athos from a Russian Slavonic codex of 1557/8, which was copied at the monastery of the Archangel Michael Skovorodskiy in Novgorod, with the fourth text being a brief account of the life of Paul of Xeropotamou. This proves the existence of a vita considerably older than that of the 18th-century version. In this paper, I compare the two versions, suggesting that the original form of the vita, as it is found in the Novgorod manuscript, may have been formed during the early 15th century and written in the milieu of two Protoi of Mount Athos, Serapheim and Gabriel, after 1500 in Karyes.
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The article re-examines the memorial book of the Protaton of Karyes (Mount Athos) and minutely looks at its content (about 2000 names), articulation and structure. The original part of the book was written at the Athonite Protaton around 1366 and is followed by a series 14th–15th and 16th-century additions. The book, compiled in the third quarter of the 14th century, remained in use for nearly two centuries, with liturgical additions and constant updating of the records of the deceased. The book, a simple (albeit long) list of names, can be fruitfully compared with shorter lists transmitted by the donation deeds preserved in monastic archives and cited in typika.
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Review of: Barzilay, Isaac: Joseph Shlomo Delmedigo (Yashar of Candia), his Life, Works and Times. Leiden, E. J. Brill, 1974, p. 379
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Review of: Vitaliy Nagirnyy, Urzędnicy ziemi kijowskiej od drugiej połowy XI do pierwszejpołowy XIII wieku. Studium prozopograficzne, Kraków: Historia Iagellonica, 2021,p. 390. ISBN: 978-83-66304-91-9.
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The article focuses on the analysis of classic utopian texts (Thomas More, Tommaso Campanella, Johann V. Andreae, Francis Bacon) in terms of women’s image presented in them. The author discusses the issues of the women’s place in the organization of utopian societies, the role of women in the family, the work of women and women’s access to science, in context of the equality of men and women declared by the authors of the literary utopias. The text compares utopian visions of ideal societies and the results of historical research on women’s place in Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries.
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The text summarizes some of the research results from my doctoral dissertation. In the broadest sense, the following text discusses the influence of rhetorical concepts and practices on the composition practice of the Renaissance. The methodological approach is interdisciplinary and multilayered, and it leads to the interpretation of Marian motifs dating from the late fifteenth to the end of the sixteenth century, in the context of rhetorical ideas and principles, and the Marian topic / topos. The most significant result of this text is the formation of a special analytical method by which the interpretive-contextual reading of musical marking is achieved.
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Review of: Réka Tímea Újlaki-Nagy: Christians or Jews? Early Transylvanian Sabbatarianism (1580–1621). (Refo500 Academic Studies, Bd. 87.) Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. Göttingen 2022. 292 S. ISBN 978-3-525-57331-0. (€ 130,–.)
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